1、职称英语卫生类 C级-57 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.You look smart in the new suit.A. clever B. handsome C. loyal D. brave（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.Compound microscopes have two separate lenses or sets of lenses.A. split B. equal C. detachable D. distinct（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.The new job w
2、ill provide you with invaluable experience.A. simply useless B. really practical C. very little D. extremely useful（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.The firm of Bonnin and Morris in Philadelphia was probably the first American company to manufacture porcelain.A. silverware B. crystal C. china D. linen（分数：1.00）A.B.
3、C.D.5.The local government decided to merge the two firms into a big one.A. motivate B. combine C. compact D. nominate（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.The great change of the city astonished all the visitors.A. surprised B. scared C. excited D. moved（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.The eternal motion of the stars fascinated hi
4、m.Along Bnever-ending Cboring Dextensive（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.Hes spent years cultivating a knowledge of art. A. sharing B. using C. denying D. developing（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.With immense relief, I stopped running.A. some B. enormous C. little D. extensive（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.Every week the magazine prese
5、nts the (profile) of a well-known sports personality.A. success B. description C. evidence D. plan（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.Italian ice cream is imitated all over the world.A. copied B. ignored C. organized D. provided（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.The workers finally called off the strike.A. put off B. ended C. can
6、celled D. participated in（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.The emphasis on the importance of education has spurred scientific research.A. encouraged B. fastened C. raised D. initiated（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.Could you please tell me your standards when selecting a candidate?A. opinions B. criterion C. criteria D. unde
7、rstanding（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.You can turn to different kinds of people, dictionaries or maps, to find out what you wish to know.A. contact B. consultC. refer D. request（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Suppose you make your parents so happy, they decide to have another baby just like you.
8、It might be flattering(讨人喜欢的), but how would you feel about having a little brother or sister who is also your twin?A laboratory experiment conducted last fall suggests it may someday be possible. For the first time ever, scientists made exact copies, or clones(克隆), of a human embryo.Although the em
9、bryos grew for only six days, cloned embryos could theoretically be implanted in a womans womb(子宫)and develop into normal babies. Or they could be frozen and implanted years later.The scientists developed their cloning technique to make it easier for childless couples to have babies by in vitro(在体外的
10、)fertilization. In this procedure, sperm(精子) from the man fertilizes an egg from the woman in a laboratory dish.In most case, doctors must try implanting several embryos before one stays in the womb. Cloned embryos would give them many more embryos to implant.But the technique could also be used for
11、 other purposes. Parents might freeze embryos cloned from their children so that they could be replaced if any of them died. The clones would also be ideal donors if the children needed organ transplants.Another possibility: Childless couples could go to a bank of frozen embryos and choose a child j
12、ust like one whos already living. Some people are concerned that these couples might pick only beautiful, successful children.The ethical dilemmas(困境)of cloning have not yet been discussed fully because the public assumed it was a long way off. Many people are calling for(要求，提倡)controls on cloning i
13、mmediately before the practice is abused. What do you think?（分数：7.00）(1).In an experiment conducted last autumn, scientists made exact copies of a human embryo for the first time.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(2).The scientists developed their cloning technique to make it easier f
14、or childless couples to have babies by in vivo fertilization.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(3).After the egg is fertilized the nucleus begins dividing.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(4).The technique is just used for providing embryos.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not men
15、tioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(5).The technique can make a dead person alive.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(6).The ethical dilemmas of cloning has prevented it from further developing.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(7).There is a delicately balanced relationship between t
16、he state of the pre-germ cell nuclei and the position in which they find themselves.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.三、第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)1. Thousands of years ago man used handy rocks for his surgical operations. Later he used sharp bone or horn, metal knives and, more re
17、cently, rubber and plastic. And that was where we stuck, in surgical instrument terms, for many years. In the 1960s a new tool was developed, one which was, first of all, to be of great practical use to the armed forces and industry, but which was also, in time, to revolutionize the art and science
18、of surgery.2. The tool is the laser and it is being used by more and more surgeons all over the world, for a very large number of different complaints. The word laser means: Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. As we all know, light is hot; any source of light-from the sun it sel
19、f clown to a humble match burning-will give warmth. But light is usually spread out over a wide area. The light in a laser beam, however, is concentrated. This means that a light with no more power than that produced by an ordinary electric light bulb becomes intensely strong as it is concentrated t
20、o a pinpoint-sized beam.3. Experiments with these pinpoint beams have shown researchers that different energy sources produce beams that have a particular effect on certain living cells. It is now possible for eye surgeons to operate on the back of the human eye without harming the front of the eye,
21、 simply by passing a laser beam right through the eyeball. No knives, no stitches, no unwanted damage-a true surgical wonder.4. Operations which once left patients exhausted and in need of long periods of recovery time now leave them feeling relaxed and comfortable. So much more difficult operations
22、 can now be tried.5. The rapid development of laser techniques in the past ten years has made it clear that the future is likely to be very exciting. Perhaps some cancers will be treated with laser in a way that makes surgery not only safer but more effective. Altogether, tomorrow may see more and m
23、ore information coming to light on the diseases which can be treated medically.（分数：8.00）(1).Para 1 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Para 2 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Para 4 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Para 5 _.A. The use of a new tool as a surgical instrument.B. The cost of an operation.C. The prospect of surgical future
24、 with the help of laser.D. The usage of laser.E. How laser functions.F. The advantage of laser.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Long long ago, man used _ for surgical operations.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).Different energy sources produce beams that have a particular effect on certain _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7)._ means light
25、 amplification by stimulated emission of radiation.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).It is possible for eye surgeons to operate by passing a laser been through the _.A. eyeballB. living cellsC. laserD. cancerE. lungF. handy rocks（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Volunteers are being
26、recruited(征募) to eat raw potatoes in the first human trials of a vaccine grown in genetically engineered vegetables. Researchers in Texas hope that people who eat the potatoes will be protected against common gut(肠，肠子) infections. They believe this technique could prove to be a cost-effective way of
27、 growing vaccines in developing countries where such diseases are still killers.Other researchers previously succeeded in using similar techniques to produce potential vaccines Now Hugh Mason and his colleagues at Texas A the heart heat decreases; muscle tension and sweating ease, and there is decre
28、ased sympathetic(交感的) nervous system activity. This restful state not only allows the body to repair and restore itself, but it has a calming effect on the consciousness.How to achieve this state of relaxation, however, is a matter of opinion, and in some medical circles, a matter of controversy(争论)
29、. A recent report by Dr. David Holmes of the University of Kansas in the journal “American Psychologist“ said that simply sitting in an armchair has just as many beneficial characteristics for the body as meditation(冥想) does. Researchers of other relaxation techniques disagree. These experts believe
30、 that more structured techniques, such as meditation, lead to a condition of deep relaxation.The debate goes on, but one thing appears to be clear that the relaxation response can be reached by a number of methods, and the methods themselves are not as important as getting there. One day, one method
31、 may work best; on another day, an alternative method may be more appropriate. Once you are aware of all the methods, you can find the one that works best for you.Some of the relaxation techniques are meditation, autoanalysis (自我心理分析) and progressive muscle relaxation. Although these techniques may
32、not, in the end, produce more of a relaxation response than just sitting quietly in a chair, they have the added benefit of structure and discipline, and for these reasons appear to be more effective for most individuals.（分数：15.00）(1).According to the passage, which of the following statements is NO
33、T true when a person is in a state of deep relaxation?A. The body takes in less oxygen.B. The heart beats less frequently.C. Muscles become tense and the body sweats easily.D. The consciousness becomes more or less calmed.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).People seem to agree that _.A. sitting in an armchair ben
34、efits a person as meditation doesB. structured relaxation techniques are more beneficial for a personC. to achieve a state of deep relaxation is possible through various meansD. what people are all struggling for is a state of deep relaxation（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).In the third paragraph, the phrase “p
35、etting there“ means _.A. arriving at ones destinationB. getting what one wants mostC. finding out a suitable relaxation techniqueD. reaching a state of deep relaxation（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).As far relaxation is concerned, the author indicates that _.A. aims are more important than meansB. means are mo
36、re important than aimsC. more and more people are interested in relaxation techniquesD. some relaxation techniques are better than others（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The authors attitude toward relaxation discussed in the passage is best described as _.A. subjective B. objectiveC. optimistic D. critical（分数：
37、3.00）A.B.C.D.八、第 5部分：补全对话(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Watching Microcurrents FlowWe can now watch electricity as it flows through even the tiniest circuits. By scanning the magnetic field generated as electric currents flow through objects, physicists have managed (46) . The technology will allow manufacturers t
38、o scan microchips for faults, as well as revealing microscopic defects in anything from aircraft to banknotes.Gang Xiao and Ben Schrag at Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island, visualize the current by measuring subtle changes in the magnetic field of an object and (47) Their sensor is adapte
39、d from an existing piece of teclmology that is used to measure large magnetic fields in computer hard drives. “We redesigned the magnetic sensor to make it capable of measuring very weak changes in magnetic fields,“ says Xiao.The resulting device is capable of detecting a current as weak as 10 micro
40、amperes, even when the wire is buried deep within a clip, and it shoves up features as small as 40 nanometers across.At present, engineers looking for defects in a chip have to peel off the layers and examine the circuits visually; this is one of the obstacles (48) . But the new magnetic microscope
41、is sensitive enough to look inside chips and reveal faults such as short circuits, nicks in the wires or electro migration where a dense area of current picks up surrounding atoms and moves them along. “It is like watching a river flow,“ explains Xiao.As well as scanning tiny circuits, the microscop
42、e can be used to reveal the internal structure of any object capable of conducting electricity. For example, it could look directly at microscopic cracks in an aero-planes fuselage, (49) . The technique cannot yet pick up electrical activity in the human brain because the current there is too small,
43、 but Xiao doesnt rule it out in the future. “I can never say never,“ ha says.Although the researchers have only just made the technical details of the microscope public, it is already on sale, from electronics company Micro Magnetics in Fall River, Massachusetts. It is currently the size of a refrig
44、erator and takes several minutes to scan a circuit, but Xiao and Schrag are working (50) .A. to shrink it to the size of a desktop computer and cut the scanning time to 30 secondsB. to making chips any smallerC. to take tiny chips we requireD. to picture the progress of the currentsE. converting the
45、 information into a color picture showing the density of current at each pointF. faults in the metal strip of a forged banknote or bacteria in a water sample（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_九、第 6部分：完形填空(总题数：1，分数：15.00)People of Burlington are being disturbed by the sound of bells. Four s
46、tudents from Burlington College of Higher Education are in the bell tower of the (51) and have made up their minds to (52) the bells nonstop for two weeks as a protest against heavy trucks which run (53) through thenarrow High Street. “They not only make it (54) to sleep at night, but they are (55)
47、damage to our houses and shops of historical (56) , “said John Norris, one of the protesters.“ (57) we must have these noisy trucks on the roads,“ said Jean Lacey, a biology student. “why don t they build a new road that goes round the town? Burlington isn t much more than a (58) village. Its street
48、s were never (59) for heavy traffic. “Harry Fields also studying (60) said they wanted to make as much (61) possible to force the govemment officials to realize what everybody was having to (62) . “Most of them don t (63) here anyway, “he said,“ they come in for meetings and that, and the Town Hall is soundproof, so they probably don t (64) . It s high time they realized the problem. “The fourth student, Liza Vemum, said she thought the public were (65) on their side, and even if they werent they soon would be.（分数：15.00）(1).A. college B. village C. town D. church（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. change
