1、职称英语卫生类 C 级-55 及答案解析(总分：92.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.The city has decided to do away with all the old buildings in its center. A. get rid of B. set up C. repair D. paint（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.We consume a lot more than we are able to produce.A. waste B. buyC. use D. sell（分数：1.00）A.B.
2、C.D.3.She stood there, trembling with fear. A. jumpingB. cryingC. movingD. shaking（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.Please put up your hands if you have any questions. A. raise B. reachC. wave D. fold（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.Medicine depends on other fields for basic information, particularly some of their specializec b
3、ranches.A. conventionally B. obviously C. especially D. inevitably（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.I dont why everything around me is going into confusion.A. consideration B. puzzle C. attraction D. contradiction（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.Your compass and clock are the most essential instruments in sailing.A. equipments
4、B. toolsC. instructions D. opportunities（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.Practically all species of animals communicate either through sounds or through a large repertory of soundless codes.A. Simultaneously B. Almost C. Absolutely D. Basically（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.Obviously these people can be relied on in a crisis
5、.A. lived on B. depended on C. believed in D. joined in（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.His health had deteriorated while he was in prison.A. became better B. became worseC. became stronger D. became weaker（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.The attack on Fort Sumter near Charleston provoked a sharp response from the North, whi
6、ch led to the American Civil War. A. demanded B. elicited C. expedited D. defied（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.The workers finally called off the strike.A. put off B. ended C. cancelled D. participated in（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.She found me very dull.A. dirty B. sleepy C. lazy D. boring（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.Practica
7、lly all species of animals communicate either through sounds or through a large repertory of soundless codes. A. Simultaneously B. Almost C. Absolutely D. Basically（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.He looks like a crazy man.A. lazy B. patientC. mad D. happy（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Energy Resou
8、rcesHumans are using up the worlds energy resources in a way no other animal has ever done. We use them to provide light and heating in our homes, to plough the land, to cook our food, to travel, to run our factories, and in countless other ways. Whether we are rural workers in a developing country
9、or urban workers in a wealthy industrial country, we all need energy, although the sources of the energy and the amounts used vary greatly from one society to another.There are different forms or types of energy. Fuels such as coal, oil (petroleum), and wood contain chemical energy. When these fuels
10、 are burnt, the chemical energy changes to heat and light energy.Electricity is the most important form of energy in the industrialized world, because it can be transported over long distances via cables and transmission lines. It is also a very convenient form of energy, since it can power a wide v
11、ariety of household appliances and industrial machinery. It is produced by converting the chemical energy from coal, oil, or natural gas in power stations.Energy resources fall into two broad groups: renewable and nonrenewable. Renewable resources are those which replenish(补充) themselves naturally a
12、nd will either always be available hydroelectric power(水力发电), solar energy, wind and wave power, tidal energy, and geothermal energy (地热能) or will continue to be available provided supplies are given sufficient time to replenish themselves-peat(泥煤) and firewood. Nonrenewable resources are those of w
13、hich there are limited supplies and which once used are gone forever. These include coal, oil, natural gas, and uranium (轴).Coal, oil, and natural gas are called fossil fuels(化石燃料) because they are the fossilized(使成化石) remains of plants and animals that lived hundreds of millions of years age. Burni
14、ng fossil fuels releases chemicals that cause acid rain, and is gradually increasing the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, causing global warming.（分数：7.00）(1).Only urban workers in a wealthy industrial country need energy.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(2).Electricity is the most i
15、mportant form of energy in the industrialized world.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(3).Energy resources can roughly be divided into two groups: renewable and nonrenewable.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(4).China is the country richest in coal reserve.A. Right B. W
16、rong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(5).Coal, oil, natural gas and uranium should he classified as nonrenewable resources.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(6).Burning fossil fuels does little harm to the environment.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(7).Nuclear energy
17、will he the most promising energy resource in the future.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：2，分数：8.00)A. to discover sentence patterns and grammatical rulesB. to expand vocabularyC. to use the target languageD. to encourage unsuccessful language learners to learn
18、 independently, actively and purposefullyE. from cluesF. to say strange things（分数：4.00）(1).Successful language learners derive conclusions _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Independent Language learners rely on themselves _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Active language learners seize every opportunity _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(
19、4).The author wrote this text _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_A. Formation of iceberg B. Iceberg is beautiful C. Color of iceberg D. Iceberg is dangerous E. Iceberg is mysterious F. Classification of iceberg（分数：4.00）(1).Paragraph 1 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 2 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 3 _.（分数：1.00）填空项
20、 1:_(4).Paragraph 4 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Natural MedicinesSince earliest days, humans have used some kinds of medicines. We know this because humans have survived. Ancient treatments for injury and disease were successful enough to keep humans from dying
21、out completely.They were successful long before the time of modern medicine. Before the time of doctors with white coats and shiny (发亮的) instruments. Before the time of big hospitals with strange and wonderful equipment.Many parts of the world still do not have university-educated doctors. Nor do th
22、ey have expensive hospitals. Yet injuries are treated. And diseases are often cured. How? By ancient methods. By medicines that might seem mysterious, even magical (有魔力的). Traditional medicines are neither mysterious nor magical, however.Through the centuries, tribal (部族的) medicine men experimented
23、with plants. They found many useful chemicals in the plants. And scientists believe many of these traditional medicines may provide the cure for some of todays most serious diseases.Experts say almost 80% of the people in the world use plants for health care. These natural medicines are used not jus
24、t because people have no other form of treatment. They are used because people trust them. In developed areas, few people think about the source of the medicines they buy in a store. Yet many widely-used medicines are from ancient sources, especially plants. Some experts say more than 25% of modern
25、medicines come, in one way or another, from nature.Scientists have long known that nature is really a chemical factory. All living things contain chemicals that help them survive. So scientists interest in traditional medicine is not new. But it has become an urgent concern. This is because the eart
26、hs supply of natural medicines may be dropping rapidly.（分数：7.00）(1).The passage indicates that ancient treatments for injury and disease wereA. much more successful than modern ones.B. successful enough for humans to survive.C. successful in all cases.D. of little help to humans.（分数：1.40）A.B.C.D.(2)
27、.Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Modern medicines are now available all over the world.B. Many big and modern hospitals are expensive.C. Traditional medicines are neither mysterious nor magical.D. Humans have used some kinds of medicines since earliest days.（分数：1.40）A.B.C.D.(3).It i
28、s believed by scientists that traditional medicinesA. can cure all kinds of diseases.B. may cure some of todays most serious diseases.C. are no longer useful for modern men.D. are too cheap to be useful.（分数：1.40）A.B.C.D.(4).What do the majority of the people in the world use for health care?A. Stran
29、ge and wonderful equipment.B. Factory-produced chemicals.C. Modern medicines.D. Plants.（分数：1.40）A.B.C.D.(5).It can be seen from the passage that the earths supply of natural medicinesA. may never be exhausted.B. may be dropping rapidly.C. is surprisingly big.D. is as rich as ever.（分数：1.40）A.B.C.D.六、
30、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Call American Their namesA great difference between American social customs and those of other countries is the way in which names are used. Americans have little concern for “rank“, especially socially. Most Americans do not want to be treated in any especially respectful way bec
31、ause of their age or social rank ; it makes them feel uncomfortable. Many Americans even find the terms “Mr. “, “Mrs. “ or “Miss“ too formal. People of all ages may prefer to be called by their first names. “Dont call me Mrs. Smith. Just call me Sally. “ Using only first names usually indicates frie
32、ndliness and acceptance. However, if you do not feel comfortable using only first names, it is quite acceptable to be more for mal. Just smile and say that after a while you will use first names but you are accustomed to being more when you first meet someone. Very often, introductions are made usin
33、g both first and last names: “Mary Smith, this is John Jones. “ In this situation you are free to decide whether to call the lady “Mary“ or “Miss Smith“.Sometimes both of you will begin a conversation using last names, and after a while one or both of you may begin using first names instead. You hav
34、e a choice : if you dont want to use first names so quickly, no one will think it impolite if you continue according to you own custom.（分数：15.00）(1).In the first paragraph the author tells us that _. A. Americans do not talk about rank, especially socially B. Americans feel uncomfortable when talkin
35、g about rank C. Americans take interests in social customs D. Americans dont care much about social rank（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to the passage, most Americans feel _ when they are treated especially respectfully owing to their age or social rank. A. sick B. sorry C. uneasy D. embarrassed（分数：3
36、.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which of the following statements in NOT true? A. The way names are used in America is different from those of other countries. B. Many Americans are used to being called by their first names. C. It shows friendliness and kindness to use only first names. D. When you talk to people i
37、n the United States, you have to use their first names.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).If an American lady say “Dont call me Mrs. Smith, just call me Sally. “ that shows _. A. she is not a married woman B. she prefers to be called “Sally“ C. she is not Mrs. Smith D. she likes to be more formal（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.
38、(5).The passage youve just read would most likely be found in a _. A. guide-book for tourists B. book about American history C. notice D. short story（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)EmotionsEmotion is a feeling about or reaction to certain important events or thoughts. People enjoy feeling such
39、 pleasant emotions as love, happiness, and contentment. They often try to avoid feeling unpleasant emotions, such as loneliness, worry, and grief.Individuals communicate most of their emotions by means of words, a variety of sounds, facial expressions, and gestures. For example, anger causes many pe
40、ople to frown, make a fist, and yell. People learn ways of showing some of their emotions from members of their society, though heredity (遗传) may determine some emotional behavior. Research has shown that different isolated peoples show emotions by means of similar facial expressions.Charles Darwin,
41、 famous for the theory of natural selection, also studied emotion. Darwin said in 1872 that emotional behavior originally served both as an aid to survival and as a method of communicating intentions. According to the James-Lange theory of emotions developed in the 1880s, people feel emotions only i
42、f aware of their own internal physical reactions to events, such as increased heart rate or blood pressure. But this theory was not upheld by research on cats that had their nervous systems damaged. The cats could not feel their bodys internal changes, but they showed normal emotional behavior. John
43、 B. Watson, an American psychologist who helped found the school of psychology called behaviorism, observed that babies stimulated by certain events showed three basic emotions-fear, anger, and love. Watsons view has been challenged frequently since he proposed it in 1919.The most widely accepted vi
44、ew is that emotions occur as a complex sequence of events. The sequence begins when a person encounters an important event or thought. The persons interpretation of the encounter determines the feeling that is likely to follow. For example, someone who encounters a bear in the woods would probably i
45、nterpret the event as dangerous. The sense of danger would cause the individual to feel fear. Each feeling is followed by physical changes and desires to take action, which are responses to the event that started the sequence. Thus, a person who met a bear would probably run away.Several American ps
46、ychologists independently developed the theory that there are eight basic emotions. These emotions-which can exist at various levels of intensity-are anger, fear, joy, sadness, acceptance, disgusts, surprise, and interest or curiosity. They combine to form all other emotions, just as certain basic c
47、olors produce all others.（分数：15.00）(1).It can be inferred from the second paragraph that those who are born blind _.A. have emotions different from those of sighted personsB. have some facial expression like those of sighted personsC. depend only on words to express their feelingsD. seldom communica
48、te with other people by means of gestures（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The James-Lange theory of emotions _.A. overlooked internal physical reactionsB. exaggerated the function of stimulating eventsC. faced a challenge from counter evidenceD. offered a narrow interpretation of emotions（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).In
49、 the sequence of events for emotions to occur, which is next to the encounter of an important event?A. Interpretation made. B. Responses produced.C. Feeling stimulated. D. Action taken.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Emotions are compared to colors because _.A. they are classified in a similar wayB. they have the same influence on peoples lifeC. both of them may take on differen
