1、职称英语卫生类 C级-54 及答案解析(总分：104.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.The price of this machine is not reasonable.A. helpful B. kind C. fair D. effective（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.Thousands of people perished in the storm.A. died B. suffered C. floated D. scattered（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.I am not certain wheth
2、er he will come.A. sureB. determinedC. sorryD. glad（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.A fundamental premise of a free-enterprise economic system is that all small businesses face difficult competition.A. confront B. mock C. lose D. appreciate（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.Human facial expression differ from those of animals in
3、 the degree to which they can be deliberately controlled and modified.A. sufficiently B. noticeably C. intentionally D. absolutely（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.I have been trying to quit smoking. A. give up B. pick up C. build up D. take up（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.Smoking will not be allowed in all public places her
4、e.A. forbidden B. banned C. permitted D. promoted（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.Canada will prohibit smoking in all offices later this year.Aban BremoveCeliminate Dexpel（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.The travelers were ready to enjoy the spectacular tidal waves when suddenly a thick fog came up and obscured the whole scene
5、. A. blurred B. belittled C. banned D. collapsed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.All dogs are capable of doing harm to human beings.A. damage B. injury C. danger D. wound（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.Foreign money can be converted into the local currency at this bank.A. altered B. changedC. bought D. sold（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.
6、12.Even in a highly modernized country, manual work is still needed.A. physical B. mentalC. natural D. hard（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.The government is debating the education laws.A. discussing B. defeatingC. delaying D. declining（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.Mary has blended the ingredients.A. made B. mixedC. cooke
7、d D. eaten（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.Japan made a proposal to Korea for increasing trade between two countries.A. preparation B. exceptionC. suggestion D. companion（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)The Ice AgeTwenty thousand years ago, the earth was held in control by relentlessly (不宽容地) probing
8、fingers of ice that drew power from frigid strongholds in the north and crept southwestward to bury forests, fields, and mountains. Landscapes that were violated by the slowly moving glaciers(冰川)would carry the scars of this advance far into the future. Temperatures dropped deeply, and land surfaces
9、 in many parts of the world were depressed by the unrelenting weight of the thrusting ice. At the same time, so much was drawn from the oceans to form these huge glaciers that sea levels around the world fell by three hundred and fifty feet, and large areas of the continental shelf became dry land.T
10、his period of the Earths history had come to be called the Ice Age. In all, about eleven million square miles of land were covered with ice. The Ice Age terminated about fourteen thousand years ago when the ice sheets began to retreat. It took about seven thousand years for the ice to retreat to its
11、 present level.（分数：7.00）(1).There were no human beings on the earth during the Ice Age.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(2).The title can be replaced by The Glacial Epoch.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(3).The glaciers in the passage are compared to a machine.A. Rig
12、ht B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(4).According to the passage, the glaciers moved from the north directly the the south.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(5).According to the passage, before the Ice Age the continental shelf was submerged in water.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not me
13、ntioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(6).It can be inferred from the passage that glaciers were primarily made up of seawater.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(7).The Ice Age twenty thousand years ago greatly benefits mankinds in the long term.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.三、第 3部
14、分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：2，分数：12.00)A. to discover sentence patterns and grammatical rulesB. to expand vocabularyC. to use the target languageD. to encourage unsuccessful language learners to learn independently, actively and purpose fullyE. from cluesF. to say strange things（分数：4.00）(1).Successful language
15、learners derive conclusions _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Independent Language learners rely on themselves _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Active language learners seize every opportunity _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).The author wrote this text _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_Clinical Trials1 Many clinical trials are done to see if a new
16、drug or device is safe and effective for people to use. Sometimes clinical trials are used to study different ways to use the standard treatments so they will be more effective, easier to use, and/or decrease side effects. Sometimes, studies are done to learn how to best use the treatment in a diffe
17、rent population, such as children, in whom the treatment was not previously tested.2 It is important to test drugs and medical products in the people they are meant to help. It is also important to conduct research in a variety of people because different people may respond differently to treatments
18、. Some people participate in clinical trials because they have exhausted standard treatment options. Other people participate in trims because they want to contribute to the advancement of medical knowledge. 3 The FDA(食品及药物管理局)works to protect participants in clinical trials and to ensure that peopl
19、e have reliable information as they decide whether to join a clinical trial. Although efforts are made to control the risks to clinical trial participants, some risks may be unavoidable because of the uncertainty inherent (内在的) in medical research studies involving new medical treatments. 4 People s
20、hould learn as much as possible about the clinical trials that interest them. They should also feel comfortable discussing their questions and concerns with members of the health care team. Prospective(预期的) participants should understand what happens during the trial, the type of health care they wi
21、ll receive, and any costs to them. Anyone considering a clinical trial should al so know that there are benefits and risks associated with participating. A. Why are clinical trials done? B. Where are clinical trials conducted? C. Who should consider clinical trials and why? D. What should people kno
22、w before participating in a clinical trial? E. What are clinical trials? F. Are clinical trials safe?（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 1 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 2 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 3 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 4 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).A. for some patients B. before participation C. in hum
23、ans D. medical knowledge E. during the trialF. candidates for clinical trials New drugs or devices must be tested before being used _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).Clinical trials provide the only hope _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).Reliable information should be available to _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).Learn as much as you
24、 can about a clinical trial _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Escaping from the EarthThe Earth has a force that pulls things toward itself. We call this force gravity(地心引力). This is something we live with all the time, and we take it for granted and hardly ever think
25、about it. But it is a most important factor in rocket operation and must be overcome if we are to get anywhere in space, or off the ground at all.Take the throwing of a ball as an example. The harder the ball is thrown, the faster and higher it will go. What is the secret? Its speed. If we could thr
26、ow the ball hard enough it would go up and up forever and never come down. The speed at which it would have to be thrown to do this is known as escape speed. Of course, we cannot throw a ball hard enough because the speed required to escape completely from the Earths gravity is seven miles per secon
27、d, or over twenty-five thousand miles per hour.Once escape speed has been reached by a spacecraft(宇宙飞船), no further power is needed. A rocket aimed at the Moon, for instance, will “coast“(滑行) the rest of the way because the Earths gravity cannot then pull it back, and there is no air resistance(阻力)
28、in space to slow it down. This “coasting“ is known as “free fall“. That does not mean the rocket is falling down towards the Earth but that it is traveling freely in space without the aid of power, like a bicycle coasting downhill.Free fall is an important feature of space travel: it would be imposs
29、ible to carry enough fuel to provide powered flight all the time.（分数：15.00）(1).What is the most important factor for a rocket to escape from the Earth?A. To travel as fast as it can.B. To overcome the Earth gravity.C. To get away from the air resistance.D. To have strong power in its operation.（分数：3
30、.00）A.B.C.D.(2).How fast will a rocket go to escape completely from the Earths gravity?A. Seventy miles per second.B. Seven thousand miles per hour.C. Twenty-five thousand miles per second.D. Twenty-five thousand miles per hour.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).As there is always the Earths gravitational(地心引力的)p
31、ull, people _.A. accept it without questioning itB. never notice its presenceC. hardly think about how to use itD. often try to escape from it（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).When a bicycle “coasts“ downhill, it _.A. runs along the hillsideB. does not need any further powerC. runs freely to all directionsD. doe
32、s not meet with air resistance（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Why is it not necessary to provide powered flight in space all the time?A. Few spacecrafts complete their flight operations.B. The Earths gravity cannot be overcome.C. No future power is needed after the escape speed is reached.D. “Free fall“ takes
33、the place of the Earths gravity pull.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)After-birth Depression Blamed for Womans SuicideA new mother apparently suffering from postpartum mental illness fell to her death from a narrow 12th-floor ledge of a Chicago hotel, eluding the lunging grasp of firemen called
34、 to help.The Chicago Tribune reported Tuesday that the mother of a 3-month-old daughter, Melanie Stokes, 41, was said to be suffering from3 a severe form of after-birth depression called postpartum psychosis, an extremely rare biological response to rapidly changing hormonal levels that can result i
35、n4 hallucinations, delusions, severe insomnia and a drastic departure from reality.“That was a monster in my daughters brain,“ said Stokes mother, Carol Blocker. “The medicine took no effect at all, while her grief was so strong that nothing could make up for it. Im just glad she didnt take her daug
36、hter with her.“Virtually all new mothers get postpartum blues, also called the “baby blues“, which are brief episodes of irritability, moodiness and weepiness. About 20 per cent of birthing women experience postpartum depression, which can be triggered by hormonal changes, sleeplessness and the pres
37、sures of being a new mother. It is often temporary and highly treatable.But The Tribune said what scientists suspect Stokes was battling, postpartum psychosis, is even more extreme and is considered a psychiatric emergency. During postpartum psychosis - a very real disorder that affects less than 1
38、percent of women, according to the National Institute of Mental Health- a mother .might hear voices, have visions, feel extremely agitated and be at risk of harming the child or herself.Often the consequences are tragic. In 1987, Sheryl Masip of California told a judge that postpartum psychosis made
39、 her drive a Volvo over her 6-week-old son. Latrena Pixley of Washington, D. C. o, said the disorder was why she smothered her 6-week-old daughter in 1992. And last year, Judy Kirby, a 31-year-old Indianapolis mother allegedly suffering from postpartum psychosis, sped into oncoming traffic and plowe
40、d into a minivan, killing seven youngsters, including three of her own.（分数：15.00）(1).Which of the following is NOT a symptom of postpartum psychosis?A. Visions. B. Delusions.C. Inflamed breast. D. Serious sleeplessness.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).It was considered fortunate by Stokes mother in the miserabl
41、e eventA. that Stokes had died in a Chicago hotel.B. that firemen had been called to help Stokes.C. that Stokes had been taking the prescribed medicines.D. that Stokes had not taken her daughter with her.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A patient suffering from “baby blues“ may present briefly one or more of th
42、e following symptoms EXCEPTA. having an intention of suicide.B. readily becoming impatient or angry.C. easily changing her moods.D. tending to experience weeping and sadness.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).How many bearing women have experiences of after-birth depression?A. Virtually all of them.B. About one f
43、ifth of them.C. Less than one percent of them.D. Not mentioned exactly in the passage.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Who induced the most serious consequence among the postpartum depression patients mentioned in the passage?A. Melanie Stokes of Chicago.B. Sheryl Masip of California.C. Latrena Pixley of Washin
44、gton, .D. Judy Kirby of Indianapolis.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)The Body ThievesIn the early nineteenth century in Britain, many improvements were being made in the world of medicine. Doctors and surgeons were becoming more knowledgeable about the human body. Illnesses that had been fatal
45、 a few years before were now curable. However, surgeons had one problem. They needed dead bodies to cut up, or dissect (解剖). This was the only way that they could learn about the flesh and bones inside the body, and the only way to teach new surgeons to carry out operations.The job of finding these
46、dead bodies was carried out by an unpleasant group of people called “body snatchers“. They went into graveyards (墓地) at night and, using wooden shovels to make less noise, dug up any recently buried bodies. Then they took the bodies to the medical schools and sold them. A body could be sold for betw
47、een 5 and 10, which was a lot of money at that time. The doctors who paid the body snatchers had an agreement with themthey never asked any questions. They did not desire to know where the bodies came from, as long as they kept arriving.The most famous of these body snatchers were two men from Edinb
48、urgh called William Burke and William Hare. Burke and Hare were different because they did not just dig up bodies from graveyards. They got greedy and thought of an easier way to find bodies. Instead of digging them up, they killed the poorer guests in Hares small hotel. Dr Knox, the respected surgeon they worked for, never asked why all the bodies they brought him had been strangled (勒死).For many years Burke and Hare were not caught because, unsurprisingly, the bodies of their victims were never found by the police. They were eventually arrested and put on trial in 1829. The judge showed mer
