1、职称英语卫生类 C级-47 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.It is said that the houses along this street will soon be demolished.（分数：1.00）A.pulled downB.rebuiltC.renovatedD.whitewashed2.The new job will provide you with invaluable experience.（分数：1.00）A.simply uselessB.really practicalC.v
2、ery littleD.extremely useful3.Not all member states abided by the principle they had agreed on previously.（分数：1.00）A.adhered toB.abandonedC.appliedD.adopted4.We all think that the new device he has proposed is ingenious.（分数：1.00）A.effectiveB.cleverC.implausibleD.original5.The construction of the rai
3、lway is said to have been terminated.（分数：1.00）A.resumedB.put an end toC.suspendedD.re-scheduled6.In his two-hour-long lecture he made an exhaustive analysis of the issue.（分数：1.00）A.extremely thoroughB.long and baringC.superficialD.unconvincing7.Reading the job ad, he wondered whether he was eligible
4、 to apply for it.（分数：1.00）A.competitiveB.diligentC.qualifiedD.competent8.Examination papers of the class were marked without bias.（分数：1.00）A.immediatelyB.correctlyC.fairlyD.carefully9.For nearly half an hour cars on the highway were stationary.（分数：1.00）A.acceleratingB.not movingC.slowing downD.rever
5、sing10.The advertising company was surprised by the adverse public reaction to the poster.（分数：1.00）A.delayedB.quickC.positiveD.unfavorable11.The whole idea to build a deluxe hotel here sounds insane to me.（分数：1.00）A.reasonableB.sensibleC.crazyD.unbelievable12.The staffs of the company are always cou
6、rteous and helpful.（分数：1.00）A.efficientB.respectableC.well-informedD.respectful13.He impressed all his colleagues as a vigorous man in the prime of his career.（分数：1.00）A.hot-temperedB.healthyC.friendlyD.patient14.The curious look from the strangers around her made her feel uneasy.（分数：1.00）A.difficul
7、tB.worriedC.anxiousD.unhappy15.He began his talk by giving a concise definition of post-modernism.（分数：1.00）A.long and detailedB.short and clearC.comprehensiveD.professional二、第 2部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Reading for PleasureThe first thing I want to insist on is that reading should be enjoyable. Of cours
8、e, there are many books that we all have to read, either to pass examinations or to acquire information, from which it is impossible to extract enjoyment. We are reading them for instruction, and the best we can hope is that our need for it will enable us to get through them without tedium. Such boo
9、ks we read unwillingly rather than willingly. But that is not the sort of reading I have in mind. The books I shall mention in due course will help you neither to get a degree nor to earn your living, they will not teach you to sail a boat or run a stopped motor, but they will help you to live more
10、fully. However, they cannot do unless you enjoy reading them.Every man is his own best critic. Whatever the learned say about a book, however unanimous they are in their praise of it, unless it interests you, it is no business of yours. Dont forget that critics often make mistakes; the history of cr
11、iticism is full of the serious mistakes some of them have made, and you are the final judge of the value to you of the book you are reading. This, of course, applies to the books I am going to recommend to your attention.We are none of us exactly like everyone else, only rather like, and it would be
12、 unreasonable to suppose that the books that have meant a great deal to me should be precisely those that will mean a great deal to you. If any of you who are not interested in the books I introduce to you, just put them down; they will be of no service to you if you do not enjoy them. No one is und
13、er an obligation to read poetry, fiction or literature. He must read them for pleasure, and who can claim that what pleases one man must necessarily please another?（分数：7.00）(1).The first thing I want to insist on is that reading should be pleasant.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).Whatever t
14、he learned say about a book, however unanimous they are in their praise of it, unless it interests you, it is no business of yours.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).We are reading them for interests, and the best we can hope is that our need for it will enable us to get through them without
15、tedium.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).It would be reasonable to suppose that the books that have meant a great deal to me should be precisely those that will mean a great deal to you.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).No one is forced to read poetry or fiction or novels.（分数：1.00）A.
16、RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).The author likes reading various kinds of books.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).If you dont like to read certain books, it means that they are of no service to you.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：2，分数：8.00)More Rural Research Is ne
17、eded1 Agricultural research funding is Vital if the world is to feed itself better than it does now. Dr. Tony Fischer, crop scientist, said demand was growing at 2.5% per year, but with modern technologies and the development of new ones, the world should be able to stay ahead.2 “The global decline
18、in investment in international agricultural research must be reversed if significant progress is to be made towards reducing malnutrition and poverty,“ he said.3 Research is needed to solve food production, land degradation and environmental problems. Secure local food supplies led to economic growt
19、h which in turn slowed population growth Dr. Fischer painted a picture of the worlds ability to feed itself in the first 25 years, when the worlds population is expected to rise from 5.8 to 8 billion people. He said that things will probably hold or improve but therell still be a lot of hungry peopl
20、e. The biggest concentration of poor and hungry people would be in sub-Saharan Africa and southern Asia in 2020 similar to the current pattern. If there is any change, a slight improvement will be seen in southern Asia, but not in sub-Saharan Afric a. The major improvement will be in East Asia, Sout
21、h America and South-East Asia.4 The developing world was investing about 0.5%, or $8 billion a year, of its agricultural gross domestic product (GDP) on research, and the developed world was spending 2.5% of its GDS Dr. Fischer said more was needed from all countries.5 He said crop research could pr
22、oduce technologies that spread across many countries, such as wheat production research having spin-offs for Mexico, China or India.6 “Technologies still need to be refined for the local conditions but a lot of the strategic research can have global application, so that money can be used very effici
23、ently,“ Dr. Fischer said.7 Yields of rice, wheat and maize have grown impressively in the past 30 years, especially in developing countries. For example, maize production rose from 2-8 tonnes per hectare between 1950 and 1995. But technologies driving this growth, such as high-yield varieties, ferti
24、lizers, and irrigation, were becoming exhausted. “If you want to save the land for non-agricultural activities, for forests and wildlife, youre going to have to increase yield,“ Dr. Fischer said.A. The Same or Improved Food Supply Situation in 2020B. Research Focus on Increased YieldC. More Research
25、 Funding NeededD. Local Situations AnalyzedE. ncrease in Investment on Agricultural ResearchF. Sustained Development of Modern Technologies（分数：4.00）(1).Paragraph 1 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 7 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ A. if we can drive
26、yield up B. when Mexico, China and India join in the project C. if we want to fight against malnutrition and poverty D. when we use modern technologies and develop new ones E. when the developed world help the developing world F. when strategic research can be utilized worldwide（分数：4.00）(1).Dr. Fisc
27、her claims that agriculture will continue to develop 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Land can be saved for other purposes 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).The investment can be regarded as efficient 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).The global decrease in investment should he changed 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第
28、一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)U.S. Eats Too Much SaltPeople in the United States consume more than twice the recommended amount of salt, raising their risk for high blood pressure, heart attacks and strokes, government health experts said on Thursday.They found nearly 70 percent ofU. S. adults are in high-risk
29、groups that would benefit from a lower-salt diet of no more than 1,500 mg per day, yet most Consume closer to 3,500 mg per day.“Its important for people to eat less salt. People who adopt a heart-healthy eating pattern that includes a diet low in sodium (钠) and rich in potassium (钾) and calcium (钙)
30、can improve their blood pressure,“ Dr. Darwin Labarthe of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said in a statement.“People need to know their recommended daily sodium limit and take action to reduce sodium intake ,“ Labarthe said.The study in CDCs weekly report on death and disease used na
31、tional survey data to show that two out of three adults should be consuming no more than 1,500 mg of sodium per day because they are black or over the age of 40, which are considered high-risk groups.Yet studies show most people in the United States eat 3,436 mg of sodium per day, according to a 200
32、5-2006 CDC estimate.Most of the sodium eaten comes from packaged, processed and restaurant foods. The CDC said it will join other agencies in the Health and Human Services department in working with major food manufacturers and chain restaurants to reduce sodium levels in the food supply.Nationwide,
33、 16 million men and women have heart disease and 5.8 million are estimated to have had a stroke. Cutting salt consumption can reduce these risks, the CDC said.（分数：15.00）(1).Too much salt raises ones risk for _.（分数：3.00）A.strokesB.heart attacksC.high blood pressureD.all of the above(2).The recommende
34、d sodium intake for most U. S. adults is _.（分数：3.00）A.closer to 3,500 mg per dayB.as much as 3,436 mg per dayC.no more than 1,500 mg per dayD.less than 3,500 mg per day(3).A heart-healthy diet is one that contains _.（分数：3.00）A.a low level of sodiumB.a lot of potassium and calciumC.no salt at allD.bo
35、th A and B(4).Nearly 70 percent of U. S. adults are in high-risk groups, _.（分数：3.00）A.for they are inactiveB.for they are black or over the age of 40C.for they frequently eat outD.for they consume sodium every day(5).Packaged, processed and restaurant foods are known to be _.（分数：3.00）A.good in taste
36、B.low in priceC.poor in nutritionD.high in salt六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Sino-Japan Animosity (敌意) LessensChinese and Japanese people view each other slightly more positively than last year, according to a survey released on Wednesday at a press conference in Beijing.The survey is jointly sponsored by Ch
37、ina Daily and Genron NPO (非营利性的组织), a Japanese think tank similar to the American Council on Foreign Relations. It also found overwhelming; agreement in both countries that Sino-Japanese relations were important.The survey is a pan of the Beijing-Tokyo Forum, an annual gathering of senior government
38、 officials and representatives from Chinese and Japanese NGOs (非政府组织) designed to improve communication and understanding between the two countries.Conducted every year for five years now, the survey focused on two different groups of people: ordinary citizens, and intellectuals. In China, the intel
39、lectual group was comprised mainly of university students from well-known schools like Peking University. In Japan, the “intellectual“ group was mainly made up of previous members of Genron NPO.Among ordinary Chinese polled, 35.7 percent said they have “very good“ or “relatively good“ impressions of
40、 Japan, a 5.5-percentage-point increase compared with last year. 45.2 percent of Chinese students had a positive impression of Japan, two percentage points more than last year. Only 26.6 percent of Japanese have a positive impression of China, however.Still, an overwhelming majority of the responden
41、ts from each country said Sino-Japanese relations were “important“ and wanted their leaders to deepen talks and cooperation with each other.But 51.9 percent of ordinary people and 42.4 percent of students in China said they saw no change in relations between the two countries over the last year. In
42、Japan, 64.8 percent of those ordinary people and 53.4 percent of intellectuals surveyed shared the view that there was no improvement in bilateral ties this year.Historical issues and territorial disputes remain two major obstacles to improving bilateral relations, the survey found. What concerns th
43、e Chinese most are historical issues, visits by Japanese officials to Yasukuni Shrine (靖国神社), and the Nanjing Massacre (大屠杀).Perceptions on economic and trade relations have improved, though. About 47 percent of ordinary Japanese said China had been “helpful“ this year in fighting the global economi
44、c crisis, compared with just 30 percent last year. The percent of Japanese intellectuals who said Chinese economic growth was good for Japan increased from 65.8 percent to 81.4 percent this year.Cooperation in East Asian issues, trade and investment, energy, and the environment and climate change to
45、p the list of common concerns that people in China and Japan want their leaders to talk about in bilateral (双边的) meetings, the survey found.Civil exchanges were regarded by the most people from the both countries as an important way to improve relations. 90.7 percent of the students and 85.7 percent
46、 of the ordinary people in China and 95.8% of intellectuals and 74.8% of the ordinary people in Japan viewed civil exchanges as “important“ or “relatively important“.Chinese and Japanese both learn about each others countries mostly through television news and newspapers, the survey found.（分数：15.00）
47、(1).Which of the following statements about the survey is true?（分数：3.00）A.The survey was conducted on Wednesday at a press conference in Beijing.B.The survey is jointly sponsored by China Daily, Genron NPO and the American Council on Foreign Relations.C.The survey found that people in both China and
48、 Japan generally agree that the relationship between the two countries is important.D.The survey mainly focused on two different groups of people: ordinary citizens, and the university students.(2).According to the passage, the Beijing-Tokyo Forum _.（分数：3.00）A.is held every year in BeijingB.aims at
49、promoting communication between the two countriesC.mainly attracts representatives from the governments of the two countriesD.releases a survey on Sino-Japanese relation every five years(3).In the last year, _% of ordinary Chinese and _% of Chinese students have a positive impression of Japan.（分数：3.00）A.35.7; 45.2B.51.9; 42.4C.5.5; 26.6D.30.2; 43.2(4).Which of the following is NOT men
