1、职称英语卫生类 C级-43 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Shes one of the smartest students in the whole school. A. most beautiful B. cleverest C. cunning D. hardest（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.He told me he had been offered a very well-paid position abroad. A. employment B. service C. job D. wo
2、rk（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.Her figure was slender and graceful, her features good. A. feeble B. lovely C. beautiful D. pleasant（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.Through a mixture of greed and intelligence, he has become the biggest landowner in the whole district. A. blend B. cooperation C. merger D. combination（分数：1.00
3、）A.B.C.D.5.He seemed reluctant to help us. A. glad B. tired C. unwilling D. pleased（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.He replied that this was absolutely impossible. A. stated B. said C. answered D. claimed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.Police officers working on the murder have questioned hundreds of families. A. asked B. dem
4、anded C. inquired D. requested（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.Violent programs on television may have a bad influence on children. A. affection B. pressure C. effect D. control（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.The African had a passion to keep his African origin alive. A. strange feeling B. strong feeling C. strange idea D. st
5、rong idea（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.It is much easier to talk about social change than it is to make it happen. A. acknowledge it B. predict it C. bring it about D. adapt to it（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.Police have still found no clues as to the whereabouts of the missing child. A. reasons B. signs C. answers D.
6、marks（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.He purchased a ticket and went up on the top deck. A. took B. bought C. showed D. made（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.The salesman approached the house cautiously because of the vicious dog. A. nervously B. bravely C. carefully D. deliberately（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.The sailor found it rath
7、er difficult to adjust himself to the life on land. A. put B. carry C. lift D. fit（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.According to the latest report, the talks have collapsed. A. broken away B. broken down C. broken in D. broken out（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Among all cancers, lung cancer is the bi
8、ggest killer: more than 100,000 Americans die of the disease each year. Giving up smoking is one way to reduce the risk, but another answer may lie in the kitchen, according to a report in British medical journal The Lancet.Since 1957, a team of researchers has monitored the dietary habits and medic
9、al histories of 2,000 middle-aged men employed by the Western Electric Co. in Chicago. Led by Dr. Pritichard Shekelle of Chicagos Rush-Presbyterian-St. Lukes medical Centre, the team recently began to sort out the links between the subjects dietary patterns and cancer. Other animal and human studies
10、 has suggested that vitamin A might offer some protection against lung cancer, but did not distinguish vitamin A made in the body from that in carotene (胡萝卜素), which is abundant in a variety of vegetables and fruits, including carrots, spinach, broccoli, squash, tomatoes and apples.The Western Elect
11、ric study showed little correlation (相互关系)between the incidence of lung cancer and the consumption of foods containing performed vitamin A. But the data on carotene intake (摄入)revealed a significant relationship. Among the 488 men who had the lowest carotene consumption, there were 14 cases of lung
12、cancer; in a group of the same size that ate the most carotene, only two eases developed. The apparent protective effect of carotene held up even for long-time smokers.Further studies will be necessary before the link between lung cancer and carotene can be firmly established. Meanwhile, researchers
13、 warn against taking large amounts of vitamin-A supplements, which can be extremely poisonous in high doses. Instead, they advise a well-balanced diet that includes foods rich in carotene.（分数：7.00）(1).Vitamin A can be found in meat.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).Vitamin B is essential for
14、 human body.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).Stomach cancer is the most dangerous among all cancers.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).There is an apparent link between lung cancer and vitamin（分数：1.00）A.A. RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).Too much vitamin-A supplements can be poisonous
15、.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).More than 1000, 000 Americans die of lung cancer every year.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).If you intake enough vitamin A, you wont get lung cancer without giving up smoking.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)1.
16、 Thousands of years ago man used handy rocks for his surgical operations. Later he used sharp bone or horn, metal knives and, more recently, rubber and plastic. And that was where we stuck, in surgical instrument terms, for many years. In the 1960s a new tool was developed, one which was, first of a
17、ll, to be of great practical use to the armed forces and industry, but which was also, in time, to revolutionize the art and science of surgery.2. The tool is the laser and it is being used by more and more surgeons all over the world, for a very large number of different complaints. The word laser
18、means: Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. As we all know, light is hot; any source of light-from the sun it self clown to a humble match burning-will give warmth. But light is usually spread out over a wide area. The light in a laser beam, however, is concentrated. This means t
19、hat a light with no more power than that produced by an ordinary electric light bulb becomes intensely strong as it is concentrated to a pinpoint-sized beam.3. Experiments with these pinpoint beams have shown researchers that different energy sources produce beams that have a particular effect on ce
20、rtain living cells. It is now possible for eye surgeons to operate on the back of the human eye without harming the front of the eye, simply by passing a laser beam right through the eyeball. No knives, no stitches, no unwanted damage-a true surgical wonder.4. Operations which once left patients exh
21、austed and in need of long periods of recovery time now leave them feeling relaxed and comfortable. So much more difficult operations can now be tried.5. The rapid development of laser techniques in the past ten years has made it clear that the future is likely to be very exciting. Perhaps some canc
22、ers will be treated with laser in a way that makes surgery not only safer but more effective. Altogether, tomorrow may see more and more information coming to light on the diseases which can be treated medically.（分数：8.00）(1).Para 1 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Para 2 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Para 4 _.（分数：1.00
23、）填空项 1:_(4).Para 5 _. A. The use of a new tool as a surgical instrument. B. The cost of an operation. C. The prospect of surgical future with the help of laser. D. The usage of laser. E. How laser functions. F. The advantage of laser.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Long long ago, man used _ for surgical operati
24、ons.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).Different energy sources produce beams that have a particular effect on certain _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7)._ means light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).It is possible for eye surgeons to operate by passing a laser been through the _. A. eyeba
25、ll B. living cells C. laser D. cancer E. lung F. handy rocks（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)lacking a care for AIDS, society must offer education, not only by public pronouncement but in classrooms. Those with AIDS or those at high risk of AIDS suffer prejudice, they
26、are feared by some people who find living itself unsafe, while others conduct themselves with a “bravado(冒险心理)“that could be fatal. AIDS has afflicted a society already short on humbanism, open-handedness and optimism. Attempts to strike it out with the offending microbe are not abetted(教唆)by pre-ex
27、isting social ills. Such concerns impelled me to offer the first university-level undergraduate AIDS course, with its two important aims: To address the fact that AIDS is caused by a virus, not by moral failure or social collapse. The proper response to AIDS is compassion coupled with an understandi
28、ng of the disease itself. We wanted to foster(help the growth of) the idea of a humane society.To describe how AIDS tests the institutions upon which our society rests.The economy, the political system, science, the legal Establishment, the media and our moral ethical-philosophical attitudes must re
29、spond to the disease. Those responses, whispered, or shrieked, easily accepted or highly controversial, must be put in order if the nation is to manage AIDS. Scholars have suggested that how a society deals with the threat of AIDS describes the extent to which that society has the right to call itse
30、lf civilized. AIDS, then, is woven into the tapestry(挂毯)of modern society; in the course of explaining that tapestry, a teacher realizes that AIDS may bring about changes of historic proportions. Democracy obliges its educational system to prepare students to become informed citizens, to join their
31、voices to the public debate in spried by AIDS. Who shall direct just what resources of manpower and money to the problem of AIDS? Even more basic, who shall formulate a national policy on AIDS? The educational challenge, then, is to enlighten(启发)the individual and the social, or public , responses t
32、o AIDS.（分数：15.00）(1).What is the passage mainly about?（分数：3.00）A.Why education must be offered about AIDS.B.How to achieve the aims of AIDS courses.C.Risks associated with AIDS.D.Social responses to AIDS.(2).Why did the author offer the AIDS course?（分数：3.00）A.He wanted to teach people about a cure f
33、or AIDS.B.People need to be taught how to avoid those with AIDS.C.He wanted to teach the students that AIDS resulted from moral failure.D.People take improper attitudes towards AIDS and those with or at high risk of AIDS.(3).The word “afflict“ in the third sentence of the first paragraph most probab
34、ly means _.（分数：3.00）A.benefitB.cause suffering toC.teachD.draw attention from(4).What does the author think is the correct response to AIDS?（分数：3.00）A.Fear and contempt.B.Optimism and bravado.C.Under standing and compassion.D.Resentment and avoidanc(5).Which of the following can best explain “AIDS t
35、ests the institutions upon which our society rests“ according to the passage?（分数：3.00）A.AIDS is a sign of moral failure and social collapse.B.AIDS indicates that our social systems have been vey inefficient.C.The responses of a society to the threat of AIDS determines whether and to what extent the
36、society can be called civilized.D.The spreading of the fatal disease suggests that the nations resources have been wrongly use六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)“Wash every day and youll die young, my son!“ People often said those words; long ago, of course. Napoleons wife had new clothes every month, instead of
37、a bath. (“Its quicker,“ She always said). Rich people did not often have a bath. They washed their hands and faces, but not their bodies. Many poor people did not wash at all. A young man once said to a doctor; “Soap and water have never touched my body.“ (And the doctor answered. “Thats true. I kno
38、w. “)why didnt people wash in those days long ago?Well, they did not have water in their house. They carried water from rivers or from holes in the ground ( = wells). Towns people bought it from a water-carrier. Sometimes it was expensive; and soap was always expensive. They drank water, of course;
39、and so they were clean inside. They did not think about the outside! And this is true; they just did not like a bath.Modern life is different. We use a lot of soap and water. And we are all quite clean. However, a few people use too much soap; and they often get ill. Who are these people?Many young
40、women work as hairdressers. They wash and then “dress“ other womens hair. That is their job, and they like it. Young hairdressers sometimes wash dirty heads on a busy day! Their hands are soapy for seven or eight hours; and that is not a good thing. A young hairdressers hands are often red and ugly;
41、 and she must then go to doctor.（分数：15.00）(1).Long ago, people _.（分数：3.00）A.often died youngB.did not often have a bathC.washed every dayD.washed every day and died young(2).The doctor answered that _.（分数：3.00）A.he knew the young man was dirtyB.it was true that the young man was illC.soap and water
42、were not good fo his illnessD.he knew the young man never washed his body(3).People didnt wash in those days because _.（分数：3.00）A.they had no water in their housesB.they had to buy water from a water-carrier and it was expensiveC.soap was expensive, tooD.all of the above(4).People in those days _.（分
43、数：3.00）A.didnt think about the outside of their housesB.only thought about the inside of their housesC.didnt like to wash their bodies at allD.only liked to wash their hands and faces(5).Who are the people that use too much soap in modern life?（分数：3.00）A.Hairdressers.B.Many young women.C.People whos
44、e hands are red and ugly.D.People whose hands are soapy.七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)American society is not nap(午睡)friendly. In fact, says David Dinges, a sleep specialist at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine. “Theres even a prohibition against admitting we need sleep“. Nobody wants to be c
45、aught napping or found asleep at work. To quote a proverb: “Some sleep five hours, nature requires seven, laziness nine and wickedness eleven“Wrong. The way not to fall asleep at work is to take naps when you need them. “we have to totally change our attitude toward napping“, says Dr. William Dement
46、 of Stanford University, the godfather of sleep research.Last year a national commission led by Dement identified an “American sleep debt“ which one member said was a important as the national debt. The commission was concerned about the dangers of sleepiness people causing industrial accidents of f
47、ailing asleep while driving. This may be why we have a new sleep policy in the Whiter House. According to recent reports, president Clinton is trying to take a half-hour snooze(打瞌睡 )every afternoon.About 60 percent of American adults nap when given the opportunity. We seem to have “a mid-afternoon q
48、uiet phase“ also called “a secondary sleep gate.“ Sleeping 15 minutes to two hours in the early afternoon can reduce stress and make us refreshed. Clearly, we were born to nap.We Superstars of snooze dont nap to replace lost shuteye or to prepare for a night shift. Rather, we “snack“ on sleep, whenever, wherever and at whatever time we feel like it. I myself have napped in buses, cars, planes and on boats; on floors and beds and in libraries, offices and museums.（分数：15.00）(1).It is commonly accepted in American society that too much sleep is _.（分数：3.00）A.unreasonableB.criminalC.harmful
