1、职称英语卫生类 C 级-40 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Britains inability to keep pace with the steady development of technology, coupled with lack of attention to marketing needs, is the reason for our national decline. A. apart from B. add up to C. joined to D. include（分数：1.00）A
2、.B.C.D.2.A well-known physician agreed to perform the operation. A. A famous B. An expensive C. An incompetent D. A talented（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.Many people were injured during the storm. A. harmed B. killed C. helped D. homeless（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.Annual renewal is automatic. A. every week B. every mo
3、nth C. every year D. every day（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.This original model was designed to interface easily with test and measurement instruments. A. interact B. provide C. connect D. work（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.Tom found damnably difficult, for three reasons. A. very B. undeniable C. less D. unchangeable（分数：1
4、.00）A.B.C.D.7.A diverse range of industry is established in Milton Keynes including many small firms. A. different B. similar C. difficult D. same（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.The oscillator was easier to use, more stable, and less expensive than others available at the time. A. changeable B. unchanging C. div
5、erse D. strong（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.If a company is paying Jersey or Guernsey income tax, the Authorities will require the filing of amounts to substantiate the assessable profit. A. subscribe B. show C. display D. prove（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.I know you have made all the arrangements for the conference. A
6、. appointments B. preparations C. suggestions D. ways（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.Major manufacturers have been using “quality circle“ with undeniable success for more them two decades. A. 100 years B. 20 years C. 50 years D. 10 years（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.Companies whose profits do not exceed $ 1500 in any one
7、 year may opt to pay income tax at the rate of 20%. A. choose B. operate C. manage D. decide（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.One of the qualifications we need in advertising is an original mind. A. experiences B. talents C. education D. requirements（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.Major product categories encompass electroni
8、c test and measuring instruments, solid-state components, electronic calculations. A. round B. include C. around D. and（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.The notion of the “quality circle“ first found widespread acceptance in Japan. A. note B. idea C. announcement D. notice（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7
9、.00)As people continue to grow and age, our body systems continue to change. At a certain point in your life your body systems will begin to weaken. Your joints may become stiff. It may become more difficult for you to see and hear. The slow change of ageing causes our bodies to lose some of their a
10、bility to bounce back form disease and injury. In order to live longer, we have always tried to slow or stop this process that leads us toward the end of our lives.Many factors contribute to your health. A well-balanced diet plays an important role. The amount and type of exercise you get is another
11、 factor. Your living environment and the amount of stress you are under is yet another. But scientists studying senescence (衰老)want to know: Why do people grow old? They hope that by examining the ageing process on a cellular level medical science may be able to extend the length of life.There is no
12、thing to be afraid of as old age approaches. Many consider the later portions of life to be the best time for living. Physical activity may lessen, but often you gain a broader understanding of yourself and the world.What we consider old age now may only be middle-aged some day soon. Who knows, with
13、 so many advances in medical science happening so quickly, life spans may one day be measured in centuries, rather than in years!（分数：7.00）(1).In order to live longer, we should postpone the process of aging.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).Scientists have known the reason that people grow o
14、ld.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).People will live forever in the future.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).People will have a tough time in old age.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).The main idea of this passage is how to live longer.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(
15、6).Scientists have worked out a way to help people live longer,（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).People want to live forever nowadays.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)1. Humans not only love eating ice cream, they enjoy feeding it to their pets(宠物). Mark
16、et studies show that two thirds of all dog owners give ice cream ot their dogs. Unfortunately, says William Tyznik, an expert on animal nutrition(营养)at Ohio State University, ice cream is not good for dogs. “It has milk sugar in it, “he says,“ which dogs cannot digest very well.“2. Bothered by that
17、knowledge but aware of the desire of dog owners to please their companions, Tyznik invented a new frozen treat for dogs that, he says, is more nutritious than ice cream-and as much fun to eat. The product, called Frosty Paws, is made of a liquid by-product(副产品)of cheese and milk with the sugar remov
18、ed. Frosty Paws also contains refined soy flour, water, vegetable oil, vitamins and minerals. It took Tyznik, who has also invented a horse feed (called Tizwhiz) and another dog food (named Tizbits), three years to perfect the Frosty Paws formulas, and two attempts to commercialise it. After losing
19、25,000 trying to market the invention himself, Tyznik sold the rights to Associated Ice Cream of Westerville, Ohio, which makes the product and packages it in cups.3. Tyznik claims that Frosty Paws has been tested extensively and that “dogs love it“. Of 1,400 dogs that have been offered the product,
20、 he says, 89 percent took it on the first try. Three out of four preferred it to Milk-Bone or sausages. The product, which will be available in the ice-cream section of supermarkets, comes in packs of three or four cups, costing between 1.79.4. What would happen if a human should mistake Frosty Paws
21、 for real ice cream? Nothing, says Tyznik. Its harmless, but frankly, he says, it wont taste very good.（分数：8.00）(1).Para 1 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Para 2 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Para 3 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Para 4 _. A. The price of Frosty Paws. B. No harm to human. C. The creation of a new kind of ice
22、cream for dogs. D. Harm to human. E. Feeding ice-creams to dogs. F. Attraction to dogs.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Dogs cant digest _ very well.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).The ice cream for dogs is made of a liquid _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).The ice cream can be bought in _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).It is sold in packs of 3 o
23、r 4 _. A. cups B. roads C. sugar D. products E. by-products F. supermarkets.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)The medical world is gradually realizing that the quality of the environment in hospitals may play a significant role in the process of recovery from illness.
24、As part of a nation-wide effort in Britain to bring art out the galleries and into public places, some of the countrys most talented artists have called in to transform older hospitals and to soften the hard edges of modern buildings. Of the 2 500 National health Service hospitals in Britain, almost
25、 100 now have significant collections of contemporary art in corridors, waiting areas and treatment rooms.These recent initiatives owe a great deal to one artist, Peter Senior, who set up his studio at a Manchester hospital in north-eastern England.The quality of the environment may reduce the need
26、for expensive drugs when a patient is recovering form an illness. A study has shown that patients who had a view on to a garden needed half the number of strong pain killers compared with patients who had no view at all or only a brick wall to look at during the early 1970s. he felt the artist had l
27、ost his place in modern society, and that art should be enjoyed by a wider audience.A typical hospital waiting room might have as many as 5 000 visitors each week. What better place to hold regular exhibitions of art? Senior held the first exhibition of his own paintings in the out-patients waiting
28、area of the Manchester royal Infirmary in 1975. Believed to be Britains first hospital-artist, Senior was so much in demand that he was soon joined by a team of six young art school graduates.The effect is striking. Instead of the familiar long, barren corridors and dull waiting rooms, the visitors
29、experience a full view of fresh colours, playful images and restful courtyards.（分数：15.00）(1).Compared with the total number of Britains National Health Service hospitals, the hospitals which have art collections is only _.（分数：3.00）A.4%B.40%C.25%D.50%.(2).Peter Senior is _.（分数：3.00）A.a doctor interes
30、ted in paintingB.an artist who has a collection of paintingsC.a pioneer in introducing art into hospitalsD.a faithful follower of hospital art(3).Peter Senior believes that _.（分数：3.00）A.art should be encouraged in British hospitalsB.are is losing its audience in modern societyC.are galleries should
31、be changed into hospitalsD.patients should be encouraged to learn painting(4).After the improvement of the hospital environment, patients _.（分数：3.00）A.no longer need drugs in their recoveryB.are not wholly dependent on expensive drugsC.need good-quality drugs in their recoveryD.do not use pain kille
32、rs in their recovery(5).The fact that six young art school graduates joined Peter shows that _.（分数：3.00）A.Peter Seniors enterprise is developing greatlyB.Peter Senior enjoys great popularityC.they are talented hospital artistsD.the role of the quality of hospital environment is being recognized六、第二篇
33、(总题数：1，分数：15.00)“I have great confidence that by the end of the decade well know in vast detail how cancer cells arise,“ says microbiologist Robert Weinberg, an expert on cancer, “But,“ he cautions, “some people have the idea that once one understands the causes, the cure will rapidly follow. Consid
34、er Pasteur. He discovered the causes of many kinds of infections, but it was fifty or sixty years before cures were available.“This year, 50 percent of the 910 000 people who suffer from cancer will survive at least five years. In the year 2000, the National Cancer Institute estimates, that figure w
35、ill be 75 percent. For some skin cancers, the five-year survival rate is as high as 90 percent. But other survival statistic(统计)rate still discouraging-13 percent for lung cancer, and 2 percent for cancer of the pancreas(胰腺).With as many as 120 varieties in existence, discovering how cancer works is
36、 not easy. The researchers made great progress in the early 1970s, when they discovered that oncogenes, which are cancer-causing genes(基因), are inactive in normal ceils. Anything from cosmic rays to radiation to diet may activate a dormant oncogene, but how remains unknown. If several oncogenes are
37、driven into action, the cell, unable to turn them off, becomes cancerous.The exact mechanisms involved are still mysterious, but the likelihood that many cancers are initiated at the level of genes suggest that we will never prevent all cancers. “Changes are a normal part of the evolutionary process
38、,“ says oneologist William Hayward. Environmental factors can never be totally eliminated; as Hayward points out, “We cant prepare a medicine against cosmic rays.“The prospects for cure, though still distant, are brighter.“First, we need to understand how the normal cell controls itself. Second, we
39、have to determine whether there are a limited number of genes in cells, which are always responsible for at least part of the trouble. If we can understand how cancer works, we can counteract its action./（分数：15.00）(1).According to Robert Weinberg, which of the following is true?（分数：3.00）A.Cures for
40、cancer will soon be found if we know how cancer cells arise.B.We 11 have to wait fifty or sixty years before we understand the Causes of cancer.C.Even when we understand the causes of cancer, that doesnt mean we will soon find a cure for cancer.D.We wont understand the causes of cancer before the en
41、d of the decad(2).The word “dormant“ in the third paragraph most probably means _.（分数：3.00）A.deadB.ever-presentC.inactiveD.potential(3).What is the discovery made in the early 1970s?（分数：3.00）A.If the cell is unable to fight the oncogene which has become active, then cancer results.B.How a dormant on
42、cogene is activated.C.Why an oncogene is inactive in normal cells.D.How cosmic rays cause cancer.(4).Which of the following statements is true.（分数：3.00）A.We wont find a cure for cancer until the beginning of the next century.B.Well never be in a position to prevent all cancers.C.If we are to elimina
43、te cancer, we 11 have to protect our environment.D.Very few medicines can be used against cosmic rays.(5).This passage is probably taken from _.（分数：3.00）A.a text bookB.an introduction to a bookC.a scientific reportD.an interview with two leading scientists in medicine七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)No one know
44、s exactly how many disabled people there are in the world, but estimates suggest the figure is over 450 million. The number of disabled people in India alone is probably more than double the total population of Canada.In the United Kingdom, about one in ten people have some disability. Disability is
45、 not just something that happens to other people: as get older, many of us will become less mobile, hard of hearing or have failing eyesight.Disablement can take many forms and occur at any time of life. Some people are born with disabilities. Many others become disabled as they get older. There are
46、 many progressive disabling diseases. The longer time goes on, the worse they become. Some people are disabled in accidents. Many others may have a period of disability in the form of a mental illness. All are affected by peoples attitude towards them. Disabled people face many physical barriers. Ne
47、xt time you go shopping or to work or visit friends, imagine how you would manage if you could not get up steps, or on to buses and trains. How would you cope if you could not see where you were going or could not hear the traffic? But there are other barriers: prejudice can be even harder to break
48、down and ignorance inevitably represents by far the greatest barrier of all. It is almost impossible for the able-bodied to fully appreciate what the severely disabled go through, so it is important to draw attention to these barriers and sow that it is the individual person and their ability, not their disability, which counts.（分数：15.00）(1).The first paragraph points out that _.（分数：3.00）A.there are many disabled people in the worldB.the number of disabled people in India is the greatestC.India has much more disabled people than CanadaD.it is impossible to get an exact figure of th
