1、职称英语卫生类 C级-28 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.The doctors have abandoned the hope to rescue the old man.（分数：1.00）A.leftB.given upC.turned downD.refused2.Below 600 feet ocean waters range from dimly lit to completely dark.（分数：1.00）A.inadequatelyB.hardlyC.faintlyD.sufficie
2、ntly3.Many of novelist Carson McCullers characters are isolated, disappointed people.（分数：1.00）A.solitaryB.gloomyC.feebleD.frugal4.Because administering the whole company, he sometimes has to work around the clock.（分数：1.00）A.adjustingB.evaluatingC.engagingD.managing5.The dentist has decided to take o
3、ut the girls bad tooth.（分数：1.00）A.digB.drawC.pullD.extract6.The little girl grasped her mothers arm as she crossed the street.（分数：1.00）A.understoodB.had a hold overC.took hold ofD.left hold of7.Since the Great Depression, the United States government has protected farmers from damaging drops in grai
4、n prices.（分数：1.00）A.slightB.surprisingC.suddenD.harmful8.The most crucial problem any economic system faces is how to use its scarce resources.（分数：1.00）A.puzzlingB.difficultC.terrifyingD.urgent9.Techniques to employ the energy of the sun are being developed.（分数：1.00）A.convertB.storeC.useD.receive10.
5、In 1861, it seemed inevitable that the Southern states would break away from the Union.（分数：1.00）A.strangeB.certainC.inconsistentD.proper11.You must shine your shoes.（分数：1.00）A.lightenB.cleanC.washD.polish12.Are you the resident of this house?（分数：1.00）A.managerB.occupantC.landlordD.caretaker13.In jud
6、ging our work you should take into consideration the fact that we have been very busy re cently.（分数：1.00）A.thoughtB.mindC.accountD.memory14.The workers finally called off the strike.（分数：1.00）A.put offB.endedC.cancelledD.participated in15.A new system of quality control was brought in to overcome the
7、 defects in the firms products.（分数：1.00）A.investedB.introducedC.installedD.insisted二、B第 2部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供 的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 Easy LearningStudents should be jealous. Not only do babies get to doze their days away, but t
8、heyve also mastered the fine art of learning in their sleep. By the time babies are a year old they can recognize a lot of sounds and even simple words. Marie Cheour at the University of Turku in Finland suspected that they might progress this fast be cause they learn language while they sleep as we
9、ll as when they are awake. To test the theory, Cheour and their colleagues studied 45 newborn babies in the first days of their lives. They exposed all the infants to an hour of Finnish vowel soundsone that sounds like “oo“, another like “ee“ and a third boundary vowel peculiar to Finnish and simila
10、r languages that sounds like something in between. EEG recording of the infants brains before and after the session showed that the newborns could not distinguish the sounds. Fifteen of the babies then went back with their mothers, while the rest were split into two sleep study groups. One group was
11、 exposed throughout their night-time sleeping hours to the same three vowels, while the others listened to the other, easier-to-distinguish vowel sounds. When tested in the morning, and again in the evening, the babies whod heard the tricky boundary vowels all night showed brainwave activity indicat
12、ing that they could now recognize this sound. They could identify the sound even when its pitch was changed, while none of the other babies could pick up the boundary vowel at all. Cheour doesnt know how babies accomplish this nighttime learning, but she suspects that the special ability might indic
13、ate that unlike adults, babies dont “turn off“ their cerebral cortex while they sleep. The skill probably fades in the course of the first years of life, she adds-so forget the idea that you can pick up the tricky French vowels as an adult just by slipping a language tape under your pillow. But whil
14、e it may not help grown-ups, Cheour is hoping to use the sleeping hours to give re medial help to babies who are genetically at risk of language disorders. （分数：7.00）(1).Babies can learn language even in their sleep.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(2).An infant can recognize a lot of
15、 vowels by the time he or she is a year old.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(3).Finish vowels are easy to distinguish.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(4).The three vowels mentioned in this article are all Finnish sounds.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. WrongC.C. Not mention
16、ed(5).The study shows that the infants cerebral cortex is working while he is asleep.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(6).If an adult wants to learn a language faster, he can put a language tape under his pillow.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(7).Cheours finding is
17、worthless.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned三、B第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：2，分数：8.00)下面的短文后有 2项测试任务：(1) 第 2326 题要求从所给的 6个选项中第 2、4、5、6 每段选择 1个最佳标题；(2) 第 2730 题要求从所给的 6个选项中每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 More Than 8 Hours Sleep Too Much of a Good ThingAlthough the dangers of too little sleep are widely known, ne
18、w research suggests that people who sleep too much may also suffer the consequences. Investigators at the University of California in San Diego found that people who clock up 9 or 10 hours each weeknight appear to have more trouble failing and staying asleep, as well as a number of other sleep probl
19、ems, than people who sleep 8 hours a night. People who slept only 7 hours each night also said they had more trouble falling asleep and feeling refreshed after a nights sleep than 8 hour sleepers. These findings, which DL Daniel Kripke reported in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine, demonstrate that
20、 people who want to get a good nights rest may not need to set aside more than 8 hours a night. He added that “it might be a good idea“ for people who sleep more than 8 hours each night to consider reducing the amount of time they spend in bed, but cautioned that more research is needed to confirm t
21、his. Previous studies have shown the potential dangers of chronic shortages of sleep, for instance, one report demonstrated that people who habitually sleep less than 7 hours each night have a higher risk of dying within a fixed period than people who sleep more. For the current report, Kripke revie
22、wed the responses of 1,004 adults to sleep questionnaires, in which participants indicated how much they slept during the week and whether they experienced any sleep problems. Sleep problems included waking in the middle of the night, arising early in the morning and being unable to fall back to sle
23、ep, and having fatigue interfere with day-to-day functioning. Kripke found that people who slept between 9 and 10 hours each night were more likely to re port experiencing each sleep problem than people who slept 8 hours. In an interview, Kripke noted that long sleepers may struggle to get rest at n
24、ight simply because they spend too much time in bed. As evidence, he added that one way to help insomnia is to spend less time in bed. “It stands to reason that if a person spends too long a time in bed, then theyll spend a higher percentage of time a wake. “he said. A. Kripkes research tool B. Dang
25、ers of Habitual shortages of sleep C. Criticism on Kripkes report D. A way of overcoming insomnia E. Sleep problems of long and short sleepers F. Classification of sleep problems （分数：4.00）(1).Paragraph 2 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 4 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 5 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragr
26、aph 6 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_A. fall asleep again B. become more energetic the following day C. sleep less than 7 hours D. confirm those serious consequences E. suffer sleep problemsF. sleep more than 8 hours（分数：4.00）(1).To get a good nights rest, people may not need to _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Long sleeper
27、s are reported to be more likely to _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).One of the sleep problems is waking in the middle of the night ,unable to _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).One survey showed that people who habitually _ each night have a higher risk of dying.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：3，分数：45.00)下面有 3篇短文，每篇短文
28、后有 5道题。请根据短文回答其后面的问题，为每题确定一个最佳答案。 B第一篇/BU.S. to Start $ 3.2 Billion Child Health Study in JanuaryA study that will cost $ 3.2 billion and last more than two decades to track the health of 100,000 U. S. children from before birth to age 21 will be launched in January, U. S. health officials said on F
29、riday. Officials from the U. S. governments National Institutes of Health said they hope the study, to be conducted at 105 locations throughout the United States, can help identify early-life influences that affect later development, with the goal of learning new ways to treat or prevent illness. Th
30、e study will examine hereditary(遗传的) and environmental factors such as exposure to certain chemicals that affect health. Researchers will collect genetic and biological samples from people in the study as well as samples from the homes of the women and their babies including air, water, dust and mat
31、erials used to construct their residences, the NIH said. Officials said more than $ 200 million has been spent already and the study is projected .to cost $ 3.2 billion. “We anticipate that in the long term(从长远说来), what we learn from the study will result in a significant savings in the nations heal
32、th care costs. “ Dr. Duane Alexander, who heads the NIHs Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, told reporters. The study will begin in January when the University of North Carolina and the Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York start signing up(使报名从事) p
33、regnant women whose babies will then be followed to age 21. Some of the early findings will be about factors behind pre-term birth (早产), which has become more common in recent years, according to Dr. Peter Scheidt of the NIH, who heads the study. The people taking part will be from rural, urban and
34、suburban areas, from all income and educational levels and from all racial groups, the NIH said. （分数：15.00）(1).The aim of the study is to find new ways to _.（分数：3.00）A.conduct researchB.track public healthC.prevent or treat illnessD.speed up development(2).Researchers will collect all the following
35、EXCEPT _.（分数：3.00）A.genetic samples from people in the studyB.biological samples from people in the studyC.samples from the homes of the women and their babiesD.samples of air and water from hospitals(3).It is expected that through the study the nations health care costs _.（分数：3.00）A.will be lowered
36、 in the long runB.will be significantly increasedC.will be more than $ 200 millionD.will reach $ 3.2 billion(4).The babies of the participants will be followed _.（分数：3.00）A.throughout their livesB.for more than two decadesC.from birth to 21 monthsD.until they get married(5).Which is NOT true of the
37、people in the study?（分数：3.00）A.Theyll be from various areas.B.Theyll be from all income levels.C.Theyll be from all educational levels.D.Theyll be from all age groups.B第二篇/BLong Bus RideLong bus rides are like television shows. They have a beginning, a middle, and an end-with commercials thrown in e
38、very three or four minutes. The commercials are unavoidable. They happen whether you want them or not. Every couple of minutes a billboard glides by outside the bus window. “Buy Super Clean Toothpaste. “ “Drink Goodn Wet Root Beer. “ “Fill up with Pacific Gas. “ Only if you sleep, which is equal to
39、turning the television set off, are you spared the unending cry of “You Need It! Buy It Now!“ The beginning of the ride is comfortable and somewhat exciting, even if youve traveled that way before. Usually some things have changed-new houses, new buildings, sometimes even a new road. The bus driver
40、has a style of driving and its fun to try to figure it out the first hour or so. If the driver is particularly reckless or daring, the ride can be as thrilling as a suspense story. Will the driver pass the truck in time? Will the driver move into the right or the left-hand lane? After a while, of co
41、urse, the excitement dies down. Sleeping for a while helps pass the middle hours of the ride. Food always makes bus rides more interesting. But youve got to be careful of what kind of food you eat. Too much salty food can make you very thirsty between stops. The end of the ride is somewhat like the
42、beginning. You know it will soon be over and theres a kind of expectation and excitement in that. The seat, of course, has become harder as the hours have passed. By now youve sat with you legs crossed, with your hands crossed behind your head. The end comes just at the right time. There are just no
43、 more ways to sit. （分数：15.00）(1).According to the passage, what do the passengers usually see when they are on a long bus trip?（分数：3.00）A.Buses on the road.B.Films on television.C.Advertisements on the board.D.Gas stations.(2).What is the purpose of this passage?（分数：3.00）A.To give the writers opinio
44、n about long bus trips.B.To persuade you to take a long bus trip.C.To explain how bus trips and television shows differ.D.To describe the billboards along the road.(3).The writer of this passage would probably favor _.（分数：3.00）A.bus drivers who werent recklessB.driving aloneC.a television set on the
45、 busD.no billboards along the road(4).The writer feels long bus rides are like TV shows because _.（分数：3.00）A.the commercials both on TV shows and on billboards along the road are funB.they both have a beginning, a middle, and an end, with commercials in betweenC.the drivers are always reckless on TV
46、 shows just as they are on busesD.both traveling and watching TV are not exciting(5).The writer thinks that the end of the ride is somewhat like the beginning because both are _.（分数：3.00）A.excitingB.comfortableC.tiringD.boringB第三篇/BReading PoemNo poem should ever be discussed or “analyzed“, until it
47、 has been read aloud by someone,teacher or student. Better still, perhaps, is the practice of reading it twice, once at the beginning of the discussion and once at the end, so the sound of the poem is the last thing one hears of it. All discussions of poetry are, in fact, preparations for reading it
48、 aloud, and the reading of the poem is, finally, the most telling “interpretation“ of it, suggesting tone, rhythm, and meaning all at once. Hearing a poet read the work in his or her own voice, on records or on film, is obviously a special reward. But even those aids to teaching can not replace the
49、student and teacher reading it or, best of all, reciting it. I have come to think, in fact, that time spent reading a poem aloud is much more important than “analyzing“ it, if there isnt time for both. I think one of our goals as teachers of English is to have students love poetry. Poetry is “a criti
