1、职称英语卫生类 B 级真题 2004 年及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项 (第 l15 题，每(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Have you talked to her lately? （分数：1.00）A.lastlyB.finallyC.shortlyD.recently2.While we dont agree，we continue to befriends （分数：1.00）A.whoeverB.whereC.AlthoughD.Whatever3.Enormous sums of money have been spent o
2、n space exploration （分数：1.00）A.MuchB.LargeC.SmallD.Fixed4.About one million Americans are diagnosed annually with skin cancer （分数：1.00）A.every yearB.severelyC.activelyD.every month5.The policeman wrote down all the particulars of the accident （分数：1.00）A.secretsB.detailsC.benefitsD.words6.We will tak
3、e your recent illness into consideration when marking your exams （分数：1.00）A.effectB.accountC.effortD.discount7.There are a limited number of books on this subject in the library （分数：1.00）A.smallB.totalC.goodD.great8.The chairman proposed that we should stop the meeting （分数：1.00）A.showedB.suggestedC.
4、agreedD.believed9.Mary has blended the ingredients. （分数：1.00）A.madeB.mixedC.cookedD.eaten10.They agreed to modify their policy （分数：1.00）A.clarifyB.defineC.changeD.develop11.The dentist has decided to extract her bad tooth （分数：1.00）A.take outB.break offC.push inD.dig up12.The economy continued to exh
5、ibit signs of decline in September （分数：1.00）A.playB.showC.sendD.tell13. This table is strong and durable （分数：1.00）A.long-lastingB.extensiveC.far-reachingD.eternal14.He endured great pain before he finally expired （分数：1.00）A.firedB.resignedC.diedD.retreated15.The girl isgazing at herself the mirror （
6、分数：1.00）A.smilingB.laughingC.shoutingD.staring二、第 2 部分：阅读判断 (第 1622 题，(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Sleeping People who sleep for more than eight hours a night do not live as long as those who sleep for six hours，according to the biggest study yet into sleep patterns and mortality(死亡率) Scientists have no explanati
7、on for the findings and do not know if they mean people who like a liein(睡懒觉)Can extend their lives by sleeping less Although it is a common belief that sleeping for at least eight hours a night is vital for health and wellbeingthe sixyear study involving more than 11 million Americans older than 30
8、 found that those who slept for 1ess than eight hours were far from doing themselves any longterm harm。 “Individuals who now average 65 hours of sleep a night Can be reassured that this is a safe amount of sleepFrom a health standpoint。there is no reason to sleep longer,” said Daniel Kripke ，a profe
9、ssor of psychiatry(精神病学)at the University of California，San Diego DrKripke said“We dont know if long sleep periods lead to deathAdditional studies are needed to determine if setting your alarm clock earlier will actually improve your health” The scientistswho were funded by the American Cancer Socie
10、ty，found 也 at the best survival rates were among the men and women who slept for seven hours a nightThose who slept for eight hours were 12 per cent more likely to die during t11e sixyear period of the study, when other factors such as diet and smoking were taken into account Even those who spent a
11、mere five hours a night in bed lived longer than those who slept eight or more hoursHowever, an increasing death rate was found among those who slept for less than five hours DrKripke said“Previous sleep studies have indicated that both short-and long-duration(持续时间)sleep had higher mortality ratesHo
12、wever, none of those studies were large enough to distinguish the difference between seven and eight hours a night，until flow” （分数：7.00）(1).More than 11 million Americans participated in the six-year study （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).All the participants were from the state of Californ
13、ia （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).The study shows that the longer you sleep each night，the longer you11 live （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).The findings indicate that it is all right to sleep for 6.5 hours a night （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).Most of the participan
14、ts slept for 7 hours a night during the study （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6). Sleeping for less than 5 hours each night is better than sleeping for 5 hours? （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).The study was the first to tell the difference between 7 and 8 hours of sleep a night? （分数
15、：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子 (第 23(总题数：2，分数：8.00)Ford 1 Fords great strength was the manufacturing process-not invention. Long before he started a car company，he was a worker，known for picking up pieces of metal and wire and turning men into machinesHe started putting cars t
16、ogether in 1891Although it was by no means the first popular automobile，the Model T showed the world just how creative Ford was at combining technology and market 2 The companys assembly line alone threw Americas Industrial Revolution into overdrive (高速运转)Instead of having workers put together the e
17、ntire car ,Fords friends，who were great toolmakers from Scotland，organized teams that added parts to each Model T as it moved down a lineBy the time Fords Highland Park plant was humming(嗡嗡作响)along in 1914. the worlds first automatic conveyor belt could turn out a car every 93 minutes 3 The same yea
18、r Henry Ford shocked the world with the$5.aday minimum wage schemethe greatest contribution he had ever madeThe average wage in the auto industry then was $2.34 for a 9-hour shiftFord not only doubled that，he also took an hour off the workdayIn those years it was unthinkable that a man could be paid
19、 that much for doing something that didnt involve an awful lot of training or educationThe Wall Street Journal called the plan“an economic crime”，and critics everywhere laughed at Ford 4 But as the wage increased later to daily$10，it proved a Critical component of Fords dream to make the automobile
20、accessible(可及的)to a11. The critics were too stupid to understand that because Ford had lowered his costs per car, the higher wages didnt matter-except for making it possible for more people to buy Cars 23 Paragraph 1 _ . 24 Paragraph 2 _ . 25 Paragraph 3 _ . 26 Paragraph4 _ . A Fords Followers B The
21、 Assesmbly Line C Fords Great Drem D The Establishment of the Company E Fords Biggest Contribution F Fords Great Talent （分数：4.00）A.B.C.D.E.F.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.E.A.B.C.D.27 The assembly line made it possible to _ . 28 Ford was the first to adopt _ . 29 Higher wages enabled many people to _ . 30 Fords h
22、igherwage and lowercost strategy was strongly _ . A criticized by the media B the low wage in the auto industry C own a car D produce cars in large numbers E the-8-hour-shift practice F combined technology and market （分数：4.00）A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.E.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(第 3145 题，每题(总题数：3，分数：45.00
23、)第一篇 Florence Nightingale Florence Nightingale was born in Florence，Italy, while her wealthy English parents were traveling in EuropeAs a child，she traveled to many places with her family and learned how to speak several languages When Nightingale was 17，she told her family that she was going to hel
24、p sick people?Her parents did not approve, but Nightingale was determined She traveled to hospitals all over EuropeShe saw that doctors were working too hard?She saw that patients died because they did not get enough careNightingale felt that women could be doing more to help doctors take care of si
25、ck people? Nightingale knew that in order for nurses to do more，they needed special training in how to take care of sick peopleNightingale went to a hospital in Germany to study nursing?Then she returned to London and became the head of a group of women called Gentlewomen During IllnessThese women c
26、ared for sick people in their homes In 1 854，England was fighting a war with Russia，War reporters wrote about the terrible conditions in the hospitals that cared for the woundedPeople demanded that something be done about itA leader of the government asked Florence Nightingale to take some nurses in
27、to the war hospitalsSo，in November 1 854，Nightingale finally got to work in a hospital? She took along 38 nurses whom she had trained herself At firstthe doctors on the battlefields did not want Nightingale and her nurses in their hospitalsThey did not believe that women could helpBut in fact，the nu
28、rses did make a differenceThey worked around the clock，tending the sickThanks to their hard work，many wounded soldiers survived After the war, Nightingale and her nurses were treated like heroesFinally，in 1860，she started the Nightingale School for NursesIn time，thanks to Florence Nightingale，nursin
29、g became an important part of medicine （分数：15.00）(1).Florence Nightingale was born into a rich （分数：3.00）A.Italian familyB.Russian familyC.English family D.German family(2).Nightingales parents did not approve of her decision （分数：3.00）A.to work as a doctorB.to care for sick peopleC.to fight in the Wa
30、r with RussiaD.to travel to hospitals all over Europe(3).It was not until the War with Russia that Nightingale （分数：3.00）A.got to work in a hospitalB.began to study nursingC.started to care for sick people in their homesD.became the head of Gentlewomen During Illness(4).0n the battlefields Nightingal
31、e and her nurses proved to be （分数：3.00）A.as bad as the doctors had expectedB.quite generousC.less than usefulD.very helpful(5).Nightingale played a great role in （分数：3.00）A.the building of war hospitalsB.the education of womenC.the development of nursingD.the improvement of working conditions for wo
32、men?第二篇 Crystal Ear 0ne day a friend asked my wife Jill if 1 wanted a hearing aid“He certainly does，”replied JillAfter hearing about a remarkable new product，Jill finally got up the nerve to ask me if Idever thought about getting a hearing aid“No way，”I said“It would make me look 20 yearsolder，No。no
33、，”she replied This is entirely differentIts Crystal Ear!” Jill was fightCrystal Ear is different-not me 01dstyled body worn or over the。ear aid，but An advanced personal sound system so small that its like contacts(隐形眼镜)for your ears?And Crystal Ear is supersensitive and powerful，too。You will hear so
34、unds your ears have been missing for yearsCrystal Ear will make speech louder, and the sound is pure and natural? I couldt believe how tiny it isIt is smaller than me tip of my little finger and its almost invisible when wornThere are no wires，no behind-le-ear device?Put it m your ear and its readyt
35、owear mold(形状)fits comfortablySince its not too loud or too tight，you may even forget that youre wearing it! Use it at work or at playAnd if your hearing problem is worse 111 certain situations，use Crystal Ear only when you need it Hearing loss，which occurs typically prior to teenage years，progresse
36、s throughout one s lifetimeAlthough hearing loss is now the worlds number one health problem，nearly 90 percent of people suffering hearing loss choose to leave the problem untreated?For many millions，treating hearing loss in a conventional way can involve numerous office visits，expensive testing and
37、 adjustments to fit your ear, Thanks to Crystal Ear，the“sound solution”is now convenient? Almost 90 percent of people with mild hearing loss，and millions more with just a little hearing drop0ff(下降)，can be dramatically helped with Crystal EarMoreover, its superior design 1s energyefficient，so batteri
38、es can last monthsCrystal Ear is now available to help these people treat their hearing loss with a small hearing amplifier(放大器) （分数：15.00）(1).Initially the writer did not want to buy a hearing aid because （分数：3.00）A.it would make him look oldB.it would make him nervousC.it was too expensiveD.it was
39、 too expensive(2).Which of the following is NOT true of Crystal Ear? （分数：3.00）A.It is highly sensitiveB.It is powerfulC.It is invisibleD.It is wireless(3).One special feature of Crystal Ear is that （分数：3.00）A.you can control its volumeB.you neednt take it off every d 毋C.it is solar?powered。D.it save
40、s power(4).According to the passagehearing loss is （分数：3.00）A.only a minor health problemB.the worlds most common health problemC.merely a teenage diseaseD.all incurable disease(5).Many people leave their hearing problem untreated because （分数：3.00）A.it is not seriousB.Crystal Ear is not yet availabl
41、eC.it is not easy to have it treatedD.they dont want to look old第三篇 Global Cancer Rates to Rise by 50by 2020 The number of new cancer cases worldwide is expected to increase by 50%by the year 2020But a new report suggests that as many as a third of new cancers could be avoided by adopting healthier
42、lifestyles and through public health action The World Cancer Report，released by the Intemational Agency for Research on Cancer, shows that cancer has now emerged as a major public health threat in developing countries as well as rich ones Overall，cancer was responsible for 12of all deaths in 2000But
43、 in many countries more than a quarter of all deaths are caused by cancer The report shows that 1 0 million new cancers were diagnosed globally in 2000。and that number is expected to rise to 1 5 million by 2020Researchers say most of that increase will mainly be due to steadily aging populations in
44、both developed and developing countries and current trends in smoking and other unhealthy habits “Cancer has emerged as a major public health problem in developing countries for the first time，matching its effect in industrialized(工业化的)countries，”said researcher Paul Kleihues。MD，director of IARC，in
45、a news release“Once considered aWesterndiseasethe Report highlights that more than 50 percent of the worlds cancer burden，in terms of both numbers of cases and deaths，already occurs in developing countries” （分数：15.00）(1).Initially the writer did not want to buy a hearing aid because （分数：3.00）A.it wo
46、uld make him look oldB.it would make him nervousC.it was too expensiveD.it was old?styled(2).Which of the following is NOT true of Crystal Ear? （分数：3.00）A.It is highly sensitiveB.It is powerfulC.It is invisibleD.It is wireless(3).One special feature of Crystal Ear is that （分数：3.00）A.you Call control
47、 its volumeB.you neednt take it off every dayC.it is solar-poweredD.it saves power(4). According to the passage，hearing loss is （分数：3.00）A.only a minor health problemB.the worlds most common health problemC.merely a teenage diseaseD.an incurable disease(5).Many people leave their hearing problem unt
48、reated because （分数：3.00）A.It is not seriousB.Crystal Ear is not yet availableC.it is not easy to have it treatedD.they dont want to look old五、第 5 部分：补全短文 (第 4650 题，(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The Story of Lani Five-year-old Lani still takes seven medicines with her breakfast every morning。“Shes very good about it ”says her father DavidLani is alive today because of her father David，in more than one way；when she was one year old she received part of her fathers liver in a livertransplant operationLani was born with a liver illness . _ (46) Doctors advised that a transplant was the only way in wh
