1、职称英语卫生类 B 级模拟 83 及答案解析(总分：108.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：16.00)1.His idea to solve the problem is really original .（分数：1.00）A.creativeB.greatC.practicalD.perfect2.Techniques to harness the energy of the sun are being developed.（分数：1.00）A.convertB.storeC.utilizeD.receive3.The news will hor
2、rify everyone.（分数：2.00）A.attractB.terrifyC.temptD.excite4.If headaches only occur at night, lack of fresh air is often the cause.（分数：1.00）A.startB.beginC.happenD.visit5.These are their motives for doing it.（分数：1.00）A.reasonsB.excusesC.answersD.plans6.Many students today display a disturbing willingn
3、ess to choose institutions and careers on the basis of earning potential.（分数：1.00）A.offensiveB.depressiveC.troublesomeD.tiresome7.We cannot permit such conduct .（分数：1.00）A.movementB.wordsC.principleD.behavior8.Many students were absent, notably the monitor.（分数：1.00）A.noticeablyB.remarkablyC.particul
4、arlyD.significantly9.His shoes were shined to perfection.（分数：1.00）A.clearedB.polishedC.washedD.mended10.We cannot compel you to do it, but we think you should.（分数：1.00）A.adviseB.forceC.commandD.encourage11.His professional career spanned 16 years.（分数：1.00）A.lastedB.startedC.changedD.moved12.Her beha
5、vior is extremely childish .（分数：1.00）A.simpleB.immatureC.beautifulD.pretty13.Did anyone call me when I was out?（分数：1.00）A.inviteB.nameC.answerD.phone14.It is hard for the young people to imagine what severe conditions their parents once lived under.（分数：1.00）A.sincereB.hardC.strictD.tight15.The U.S.
6、faces severe economic problems.（分数：1.00）A.successiveB.severalC.seriousD.slight二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：14.00)Cosmetic SurgerySurgery that can improve the way a person looks is becoming more and more popular in the United States. This kind of surgery is called cosmetic surgery, and both men and women a
7、re turning to this treatment as a way of keeping their appearance young as well as keeping competitive (有竞争力的) in their jobs. Men especially are beginning to turn to face-lifts(面部拉皮手术), liposuction (taking fat out of the body), and implants (putting artificial parts into their bodies) to help them l
8、ook younger. As companies downsize (缩编) and move younger employees into higher positions, older employees in their late forties and early fifties feel the need to look and act younger in order to stay competitive. These operations are not without dangers, however. One young woman had an eye operatio
9、n to get rid of the bags under her eyes; she described her experience as terrible. She said, “When he started cutting, I was fully awake. Even though he“d given me an injection near my eyes, I saw everything.“ She went on to explain, I knew I had to keep still because of what he was doing. He was sc
10、raping (刮) away fat underneath my eyes. It took about ten minutes. After he finished, “I felt I couldn“t walk. I was so faint.“ Her troubles did not end after the operation for two weeks. Her eyes were swollen (肿胀的) and almost completely closed, and even dark glasses could not hide the side effects
11、of the operation. Liposuction, taking fat out of the body, is probably the most popular cosmetic operation in the United States. It seems simple enough. First, a small cut is made over the place where the patient wants the fat removed. Next, a small pipe is put into the cut. A machine like a vacuum
12、cleaner is then used to suck the fat out of the body. However, as one doctor explained, some problems call happen after the operation. He warned，irregular lumps and loose skin can reset from this operation. “If it is not evenly done. liposuction can produce a very lumpy result.“ Patients often must
13、have more liposuction to correct the problem.（分数：14.00）(1).Cosmetic surgery is more popular in the US than anywhere else.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).The way a man looks has little to do with the job opportunities he may have.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).There are hardly an
14、y risks involved in cosmetic operations.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).The young woman was by no means satisfied with the eye operation.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).The eye operation was such a failure that the woman refused to pay for it.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentione
15、d(6).Not everyone is a good candidate for liposuction.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).Sometimes liposuction patients may have to undergo more than one operation.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Aromatherapy1. Aromatherapy (芳香疗法) is a form of alternativ
16、e medicine which is based on the use of very concentrated “essential“ oils from the flowers, leaves, bark, branches or roots of plants which are considered to have healing properties. In aromatherapy these powerful oils are mixed with other oils, such as almond (杏仁) oil, or they are diluted (稀释) wit
17、h water. These solutions (溶液剂) can be rubbed on the skin, sprayed in the air, or applied as a compress (敷药)。 2. Many people have aromatherapy massages (按摩), and depending on the treatment a person is having, the aromatherapist will massage the oil into the hands or shoulders. The massage is smooth a
18、nd flowing, as it is designed to create a sense of relaxation and calm. The sessions are tailored to the individual“s health and mood at the time, so every session is unique. 3. Practioners of aromatherapy believe that the aroma of the “essential“ oils directly stimulates the brain or that the oils
19、are absorbed through the skin into the bloodstream, where they can affect the whole body and promote healing. Other claims in support of aromatherapy are that it aids digestion, improves the functioning of respiratory system, reduces muscular aches and pains, and promotes muscle relaxation and tone.
20、 It has also been argued that aromatherapy can improve circulation, lower blood pressure, and help combat insomnia (失眠) and other stress-related disorders such as tension headaches, anxiety, and mild depression. 4. However, while aromatherapy may have real effects that promote a sense of well-being,
21、 some traditional medicine practitioners remain doubtful about its powers. While research has confirmed that aromatherapy does have some positive short-term effects on most people, it also suggests that aromatherapy is not an actual science or medicine that should be used to treat illness. Furthermo
22、re, not all aromatherapy is considered beneficial to health. There are precautions which should be taken before having aromatherapy because some oils can have negative effects on people with certain medical conditions. The study of aromatherapy is relatively new and unexplored. More research needs t
23、o be conducted to make scientific conclusions about its use and effects. ACurrent Research into Aromatherapy BAromatherapy and Conventional Medicine CDifferent Views about Aromatherapy DIntroduction to Aromatherapy EDoubts about the Benefits of Aromatherapy FPersonalized Aromatherapy Massage（分数：8.00
24、）(1).Paragraph 1 1（分数：1.00）(2).Paragraph 2 1（分数：1.00）(3).Paragraph 3 1（分数：1.00）(4).Paragraph 4 1（分数：1.00）(5).Asuit different people Bbe further explored Chelp the disabled Dbe used externally Ehave healing effects Fbe promoted Aromatherapy is a mixture oil from parts of the plants to 1.（分数：1.00）(6).
25、The sessions of aromatherapy massages are designed to 1.（分数：1.00）(7).Aromatherapy is believed to 1 in various ways.（分数：1.00）(8).The use and benefits of aromatherapy need to 1.（分数：1.00）四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Approaches to Understanding IntelligencesIt pays to be smart, but w
26、e are not all smart in the same way. You may be a talented musician, but you might not be a good reader. Each of us is different. Psychologists disagree about what is intelligence and what are talents or personal abilities. Psychologists have two different views on intelligence. Some believe there i
27、s one general intelligence. Others believe there are many different intelligences. Some psychologists say there is one type of intelligence that can be measured with IQ tests. These psychologists support their view with research that concludes that people who do well on one kind of test for mental a
28、bility do well on other tests. They do well on tests using words, numbers or pictures. They do well on individual or group tests, and written or oral tests. Those who do poorly on one test, do the same on all tests. Studies of the brain show that there is a biological basis for general intelligence.
29、 The brains of intelligence people use less energy during problem solving. The brain waves of people with higher intelligence show a quicker reaction. Some researchers conclude that differences in intelligence result from differences in the speed and effectiveness of information processing by the br
30、ain. Howard Gardner, a psychologist at the Harvard School of Education, has four children. He believes that all children are different and shouldn“t be tested by one intelligence test. Although Gardner believes general intelligence exists, he doesn“t think it tells much about the talents of a person
31、 outside of formal schooling. He thinks that the human mind has different intelligences. These intelligences allow us to solve the kinds of problems we are presented with in life. Each of us has different abilities within these intelligences. Gardner believes that the purpose of school should be to
32、encourage development of all of our intelligences. Gardner says that his theory is based on biology. For example, when one part of the brain is injured, other parts of the brain still work. People who cannot talk because of brain damage can still sing. So, there is not just one intelligence to lose.
33、 Gardner has identified 8 different kinds of intelligence: linguistic, mathematical, spatial, musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal, body-kinesthetic (身体动觉的), and naturalistic.（分数：15.00）(1).What is the main idea of this passage?（分数：3.00）A.How to understand intelligence.B.The importance of intelligen
34、ce.C.The development of intelligence tests.D.How to become intelligent.(2).Which of the following statements is true concerning general intelligence?（分数：3.00）A.Most intelligent people do well on some intelligence tests.B.People doing well on one type of intelligence test do well on other tests.C.Int
35、elligent people do not do well on group tests.D.Intelligent people do better on written tests than on oral tests.(3).Gardner believes that _.（分数：3.00）A.children have different intelligencesB.all children are alikeC.children should take one intelligence testD.there is no general intelligence(4).Accor
36、ding to Gardner, schools should _.（分数：3.00）A.test students“ IQsB.train students who do poorly on testsC.focus on finding the most intelligent studentsD.promote development of all intelligences(5).Gardner thinks that his theory has a _.（分数：3.00）A.musical foundationB.biological foundationC.intraperson
37、al foundationD.linguistic foundation六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Smart WindowWindows not only let light in to cut down an electricity use for lighting, but the light coming through the window also provides heat. However, windows are not something people typically associate with being a cutting edge technolo
38、gy. Researchers are now working on new technologies that enable a window to quickly change from clear to dark and anywhere in between with a flip of a switch. “It took us a long time to figure out what a window really is,“ says Claes Granqvist. He“s a professor of solid-state physics at Uppsala Univ
39、ersity in Sweden. “It“s contact with the outside world. You have to have visual contact with the surrounding world to feel well.“ So, windows and natural light are important for improving the way people feel when they“re stuck indoors. Yet, windows are the weak link in a building when it comes to en
40、ergy and temperature control. In the winter, cold air leaks in. When it“s hot and sunny, sunlight streams in. All of this sunlight carries lots of heat and energy. And all of this extra heat forces people to turn on their air conditioners. Producing blasts of cold air, which can feel so refreshing,
41、actually suck up enormous amounts of electricity in buildings around the world. Windows have been a major focus of energy research for a long time. Over the years, scientists have come up with a variety of strategies for coating, glazing, and layering windows to make them more energy efficient. Smar
42、t windows go a step further. They use chromogenic technologies which involve changes of color. Electrochromic windows use electricity to change color. For example, a sheet of glass coated with thin layers of chemical compound such as tungsten oxide works a bit like a battery. Tungsten oxide is clear
43、 when an electric charge is applied and dark when the charge is removed, that is, when the amount of voltage is decreased, the window darkens until it“s completely dark after all electricity is taken away. So applying a voltage determines whether the window looks clear or dark. One important feature
44、 that makes a smart window so smart is that it has a sort of “memory“. All it takes is a small jolt of voltage to turn the window from one state to the other. Then, it stays that way. Transitions take anywhere from 10 seconds to a few minutes, depending on the size of the window. The development of
45、smart windows could mean that massive air conditioning systems may no longer need. “In the future,“ Granqvist says, “our buildings may look different.“（分数：15.00）(1).Which of the following statements does not indicate the importance of windows as described in the first two paragraphs?（分数：3.00）A.Windo
46、ws can change from clear to dark to save energy.B.Windows help to save energy by letting light in.C.Windows help to save energy by providing heat.D.Windows enable people to have contact with the outside world.(2).When are windows the weak link in a building?（分数：3.00）A.In the cold winter.B.In the hot
47、 summer.C.When air conditioners are turned on.D.Both A and B.(3).What are smart windows, according to Paragraph 4?（分数：3.00）A.Windows that are coated.B.Windows that are glazed.C.Windows the color of which can be changed.D.Windows that have many layers.(4).To make electrochromic windows change color,
48、what is applied to the window glass?（分数：3.00）A.Electricity.B.Tungsten oxide.C.A battery.D.A voltage.(5).What will he the benefit if the research on smart windows turns out to be successful, according to the last paragraph?（分数：3.00）A.The buildings will look different.B.Windows can be as large as you
49、want.C.We may not need air conditioners any more.D.They are less expensive than traditional windows.七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)SleeplessnessInsomnia or sleeplessness is a common complaint of women as they enter into menopause. Insomnia means having trouble falling asleep or staying asleep or the feeling that your sleep was not adequate for you. For women who are having night sweats, their sleep is broken by frequent awakening and therefore not refreshing. Generally once the night sweats are controlled a normal sleep pattern returns. If it doesn“t it may be, or have become
