1、职称英语理工类 C 级模拟 79 及答案解析(总分：144.50，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：17.50)1.The rules are too rigid to allow for human error.（分数：1.00）A.inflexibleB.generalC.complexD.direct2.It“s prudent to start any exercise program gradually at first.（分数：1.00）A.workableB.sensibleC.possibleD.feasible3.Most animal f
2、ats are saturated, containing more hydrogen than carbon, and do not spoil as easily as unsaturated fats.（分数：1.00）A.meltB.get used upC.go badD.liquify4.It is possible to approach the problem in a different way.（分数：1.00）A.raiseB.poseC.experienceD.handle5.The doctors did not reveal the truth to him.（分数
3、：1.00）A.hideB.handleC.discloseD.establish6.There is no risk to public health.（分数：1.00）A.pointB.dangerC.chanceD.hope7.He is a physician .（分数：2.00）A.researcherB.professorC.doctorD.student8.Eleanor Roosevelt urged legislation to assist the poor and oppressed.（分数：1.00）A.adjustB.helpC.employD.encourage9.
4、The telephone system is no longer operative .（分数：1.00）A.runningB.movingC.rotatingD.working10.Jack was dismissed .（分数：1.00）A.firedB.finedC.exhaustedD.criticized11.The soldier displayed remarkable courage in the battle.（分数：2.50）A.placedB.showedC.pointedD.decided12.You have to be patient if you want to
5、 sustain your position.（分数：1.00）A.maintainB.establishC.acquireD.support13.She always finds fault with everything.（分数：1.00）A.criticizesB.simplifiesC.evaluatesD.examines14.She will be very pleased to meet you.（分数：1.00）A.angryB.happyC.sadD.unwilling15.I have been trying to quit smoking.（分数：1.00）A.pick
6、upB.give upC.build upD.take up二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：49.00)The Threat to KiribatiThe people of Kiribati are afraid that one day in the not-too-distant future, their country will disappear from the face of the earth-literally. Several times this year, the Pacific island nation has been flooded by a s
7、udden high tide. These tides, which swept across the island and destroyed houses, came when there was neither wind nor rain. “This never happened before, “say the older citizens of Kiribati. What is causing these mysterious high tides? The answer may well be global warming. When fuels like oil and c
8、oal are being burned, pollutants (污染物)are released; these pollutants trap heat in the earth“s atmosphere. Warmer temperatures cause water to expand and also create more water by melting glaciers (冰川)and polar (极地的) ice caps. If the trend continues, scientists say, many countries will suffer. Banglad
9、esh, for example, might lose one-fifth of its land. The coral (珊瑚) island nations of the Pacific, like Kiribati and the Marshall Islands, however, would face an even worse fatethey would be swallowed by the sea. The loss of these coral islands would be everyone“s loss. Coral formations are home to m
10、ore species than any other place on earth. The people of these nations feel frustrated. The sea, on which their economies have always been based, is suddenly threatening their existence. They don“t have the money for expensive technological solutions like seawalls. And they have no control over the
11、pollutants, which are being released mainly by activities in large industrialized countries. All they can do is to hope that industrialized countries will take steps to reduce pollution.（分数：49.00）(1).The people of Kiribati worry that one day their country will be taken away by a sudden high tide.（分数
12、：7.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).High tides used to attack Kiribati when there was strong wind or heavy rain.（分数：7.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).The heat released by burning oil and coal is the direct cause of global warming.（分数：7.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).Scientists are not su
13、re how serious the effects of global warming will be.（分数：7.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).The coral island nations of the Pacific have a long history of civilization.（分数：7.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).The people of the coral island nations are unable to do anything substantial about the
14、problem of global warming.（分数：7.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).Some industrialized countries are unwilling to spend money in reducing pollution.（分数：7.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)A Star Is Born1. The VLT(Very Large Telescope)is the world“s largest telescope (
15、望远镜) and is taking astronomers (天文学家) further back to the Big Bang than they ever thought possible. Located 2,600 metres up to the Chilean Andes, it has four huge mirrors, each about the size of a London bus. The VLT is so powerful it can spot a burning match 10,000 kilometres away. 2. This astonish
16、ing power will allow astronomers to see events in space from the birth of stars to the collision (碰撞) of galaxies (星系) on the edge of the cosmos (宇宙). The VLT is giving astronomers their best-ever view of the cosmos. The power of the VLT to see the smallest detail at the furthest distances makes its
17、 designers amazed. 3. Take the case of Eta Carinae, one of the most explosive stars in the universe. This star produces ultraviolet laser rays (紫外线) and it will destroy itself in a few million years“ time. It is five times brighter than the sun and when it explodes it is going to be a sight worth wa
18、iting for! 4. But it is at distances of millions, even billions, of light years that the VLT really shows its power. The VLT can detect light that set out on its journey before the earth even existed. This gives astronomers their firstever detailed views of events that took place in the earliest day
19、s of the cosmos. 5. In other words, the VLT is a kind of a time machine. It takes astronomers back to a time when complete galaxies crashed into each other. The effects of these past collisions can now be seen by scientists, and astronomers believe the telescope will reveal more about these exciting
20、 events in the years to come. One day, we might be able to say we have traveled back to the beginning of time, and we will have a much clearer picture of how our planet was born.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 1 1. A. Enents that Took Place before the Earth Existed B. Power of the Telescope C. Details of Eta
21、 Carinae D. Invention of a Time Machine E. Biggest Telescope（分数：1.00）(2).Paragraph 2 1.（分数：1.00）(3).Paragraph 3 1.（分数：1.00）(4).Paragraph 4 1.（分数：1.00）(5).The VLT will allow scientists to see events 1. A. its detecting power B. millions of light years away in space C. the location of the VLT D. as an
22、 example E. the birth of the earth F. the rotation of the earth（分数：1.00）(6).The designers of the V1T are surprised at 1.（分数：1.00）(7).Eta Carinae is taken 1.（分数：1.00）(8).Scientists believe the VLT will tell us more about 1.（分数：1.00）四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Will Quality Eat up
23、the U. S. Lead in Software?If U. S. software companies don“t pay more attention to quality, they could kiss their business good-bye. Both India and Brazil are developing a world-class software industry. Their weapon is quality and one of their jobs is to attract the top U. S. quality specialists who
24、se voices are not listened to in their country. Already, of the world“s 12 software houses that have earned the highest rating in the world, seven are in India. That“s because they have used new methodologies rejected by American software specialists. For example, for decades, quality specialists, W
25、. Edwards Deming and J. M. Juran had urged U. S. software companies to change their attitudes to quality. But their quality call mainly fell on deaf ears in the U. Sbut not in Japan. By the 1970s and 1980s, Japan was grabbing market share with better, cheaper products. They used Deming“s and Juran“s
26、 ideas to bring down the cost of good quality to as little as 5% of total production costs. In U. S. factories, the cost of quality then was 10 times as high: 50%. In software, it still is. Watts S. Humphrey spent 27 years at IBM heading up software production and then quality assurance. But his adv
27、ice was seldom paid attention to. He retired from IBM in 1986. In 1987, he worked out a system for assessing and improving software quality. It has proved its value time and again. For example, in 1990 the cost of quality at Raytheon Electronics Systems was almost 60% of total software production co
28、sts. It tells to 15% in 1996 and has since further dropped to below 10%. Like Deming and Juran, Humphrey seems to be winning more praises overseas than at home. The Indian government and several companies have just founded the Watts Humphrey Software Quality Institute at the Software Technology Park
29、 in Chennai, India. Let“s hope that U. S. lead in software will not be eaten up by its quality problems.（分数：15.00）(1).What country has more highest-rating companies in the world than any other country has?（分数：3.00）A.India.B.The US.C.Brazil.D.Germany.(2).Which of the following statements about Humphr
30、ey is true?（分数：3.00）A.He is now still an IBM employer.B.He has worked for IBM for 37 years.C.India honors him highly.D.The US pays much attention to his quality advice.(3).By what means did Japan grab its large market share by the 1970s and the 1980s?（分数：3.00）A.Its advertising was most successful.B.
31、Its products were cheaper in price and better in quality.C.The US hardware industry was lagging behind.D.Japan hired a lot of Indian software specialists.(4).What does the founding of the Watts Humphrey Software Quality Institute symbolize?（分数：3.00）A.It symbolizes the US determination to move ahead
32、with its software.B.It symbolizes the Japanese efforts to solve the software quality problem.C.It symbolizes the Indian ambition to take the lead in software.D.It symbolizes the Chinese policy on importing software.(5).What is the writer worrying about?（分数：3.00）A.Many US software specialists are wor
33、king for Japan.B.The quality problem has become a worldwide problem.C.India and Japan are joining hands to compete with the US.D.The US will no longer be the first software player in the world.六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)About eight million school-age children are home alone after school. These are the hou
34、rs when the number of violent crimes peaks and when youths are most likely to experiment with alcohol, tobacco, and drugs. Many older children take care of themselves after school for an hour or two until a parent comes home, and research suggests that some of these children are more at risk of poor
35、 grades and risky behaviors. Studies have been done to find out what helps to reduce these kinds of risky behaviors among youths. One study of Chicago neighborhoods showed that after-school programs resulted in less violence even in poor neighborhoods. After-school programs can help to reduce crime
36、and violence because they offer activities to children and youths during their out-of-school time. In addition to helping youths make use of after-school hours, after-school programs provide teens with opportunities to develop caring relationships with adults. Studies have found that high-quality re
37、lationships with parents and other adults, as well as good use of time, are very important for healthy development in youth. After-school programs can also be used for teens who hang out at friends“ houses and play basketball when a parent or other responsible adult is at home. The programs can also
38、 be helpful for formal after-school activities, including “drop-in“ programs that are provided by organizations. Despite the benefits of after-school programs, there are many reasons why some parents do not use them. Programs may be too expensive, of poor quality, or hard to join. Some older childre
39、n and young teens may refuse to attend programs that seem like they are just child care. Parents may feel uncertain about how much freedom is proper for children and youths who are beyond the traditional child care years. However, research supports the effectiveness of these programs in protecting m
40、iddle school and high school youths from risk and harm.（分数：15.00）(1).Which of the following is a benefit of after-school programs?（分数：3.00）A.They help to avoid crime and violence during that time.B.They help youths do things on their own during after-school hours.C.They help teens develop caring rel
41、ationships with classmates.D.They help to reduce risky behaviors among youths.(2).Why do many parents refuse to use after-school programs?（分数：3.00）A.The programs are just like child care programs.B.The programs offer no freedom to their children.C.The programs bring little benefit to parents and chi
42、ldren.D.The programs can be expensive or poor in quality.(3).What can we infer from the passage?（分数：3.00）A.Teenagers tend to stay at their friends“ houses for a long time.B.Relationships with adults may cause unhealthy development in youths.C.The after-school programs can be used for many different
43、kids.D.Teenagers do not like the after-school programs.(4).Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?（分数：3.00）A.The grades of those children who are home alone after school are more likely to suffer.B.Parents want to give their children as much as possible freedom.C.The after-schoo
44、l programs help the students to make use of the time after school.D.The after-school programs are effective in protecting middle school and high school youths from risk and harm.(5).Which of the following is the best title for this passage?（分数：3.00）A.Youth CrimesB.After-school ProgramsC.Problem Chil
45、drenD.Extracurricular Activities七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Sino-Japan Animosity LessensChinese and Japanese people view each other slightly more positively than last year, according to a survey released on Wednesday at a press conference in Beijing. The survey is jointly sponsored by China Daily and Genro
46、n NPO, a Japanese think tank similar to the American Council on Foreign Relations. It also found overwhelming agreement in both countries that Sino-Japanese relations were important. The survey is a part of the Beijing-Tokyo Forum, an annual gathering of senior government officials and representativ
47、es from Chinese and Japanese NGOs designed to improve communication and understanding between the two countries. Conducted every year for five years now, the survey focused on two different groups of people: ordinary citizens, and intellectuals. In China, the intellectual group was comprised mainly
48、of university students from well-known schools like Peking University. In Japan, the “intellectual“ group was mainly made up of previous members of Genron NPO. Among ordinary Chinese polled, 35.7 percent said they have “very good“ or “relatively good“ impressions of Japan, a 5.5-percentage-point inc
49、rease compared with last year. 45.2 percent of Chinese students had a positive impression of Japan, two percentage points more than last year. Only 26.6 percent of Japanese have a positive impression of China, however. Still, an overwhelming majority of the respondents from each country said Sino-Japanese relations were “important“ and wanted their leaders to deepen talks and cooperation with each other. But 51.9 percent of ordinary people and 42.4 percent of students in China said they saw no change in relations between the two countries over the last year. In Japan, 64.8 percent of those
