1、职称英语理工类 C 级模拟 74 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.For some obscure reason, the simple game is becoming very popular.（分数：1.00）A.unclearB.obviousC.majorD.minor2.The sea turtle“s natural habitat has been considerably reduced.（分数：1.00）A.greatlyB.suddenlyC.generallyD.slightly3.I
2、 got a note from Moira urging me to get in touch.（分数：1.00）A.instructingB.notifyingC.pushingD.inviting4.It is possible to approach the problem in a different way.（分数：1.00）A.raiseB.poseC.experienceD.handle5.The decision to invade provoked storms of protest.（分数：1.00）A.ignoredB.organizedC.causedD.receiv
3、ed6.Jane said that she couldn“t tolerate the long hours.（分数：1.00）A.spendB.takeC.lastD.stand7.At 80, Peck was still vigorous and living in Paris.（分数：1.00）A.energeticB.happyC.aloneD.busy8.Forester stared at his car, trembling with rage.（分数：1.00）A.shakingB.turningC.jumpingD.shouting9.A young man is bei
4、ng hailed a hero tonight after rescuing two children.（分数：1.00）A.reportedB.provedC.praisedD.caught10.I wanted to ask her out but was scared that she might refuse.（分数：1.00）A.anxiousB.sureC.sadD.afraid11.At that time, we did not fully grasp the significance of what had happened.（分数：1.00）A.giveB.attachC
5、.loseD.understand12.Anderson left the table, remarking that he had some work to do.（分数：1.00）A.doubtingB.sayingC.thinkingD.knowing13.He asserted that nuclear power was a safe and non-polluting energy source,（分数：1.00）A.maintainedB.recommendedC.consideredD.acknowledged14.The study also notes a steady d
6、ecline in the number of college students taking science courses.（分数：1.00）A.relativeB.generalC.continuousD.sharp15.She always finds fault with everything.（分数：1.00）A.criticizesB.simplifiesC.evaluatesD.examines二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)The Forbidden AppleNew York used to be the city that never sleeps
7、. Theses days, it“s the city that never smokes, drinks or does anything naughty (at least, not in public). The Big Apple is quickly turning into the Forbidden Apple. If you wanted a glass of wine with your picnic in Central Park, could you have one? No chance. Drinking alcohol in public isn“t allowe
8、d. If you decided to feed the birds with the last crumbs (碎屑) of your sandwich, you could be arrested. It“s illegal if you went to a bar for a drink and a cigarette, that would be OK, wouldn“t it? Er.no. You can“t smoke in public in New York City. What“s going on? Why is the city that used to be so
9、open-minded becoming like this? The mayor of New York is behind it all. He has brought in a whole lot of new laws to stop citizens from doing what they want, when they want. The press is shocked. Even the New York police have joined the argument. They recently spent $100,000 on a “Don“t blame the co
10、p“ campaign. One New York police officer said, “We raise money for the city by giving people fines for breaking some very stupid laws. It“s all about money.“ The result is a lot of fines for minor offences. Yoav Kashida, an Israel tourist, fell asleep on the subway. When he woke up, two police offic
11、ers fined him because he had fallen asleep on two seats (you mustn“t use two seats in the subway). Elle and Serge Schroitman were fined for blocking a driveway with their car. It was their own driveway. The angry editor of vanity Fair magazine, Graydon Carter, says, “Under New York City law it is ac
12、ceptable to keep a gun in your place of work, but not an empty ashtray (烟灰缸).“ He should know. The police came to his office and took away his ashtray. But not all of the New York“s inhabitants are complaining. Marcia Dugatty, 72, said, “The city has changed for the better. If more cities had these
13、laws, America would be a better place to live,“ Nixon Patricks, 38, a barman, said, “I like the new laws, if people smoked in here, we“d go home smelling of cigarettes.“ Recent figures show that New York now has fewer crimes per 100,000 people than 193 other US cities. And it“s true. It“s safe, clea
14、ner and more healthy than before. But let“s be honest, who goes to New York for its clean streets?（分数：7.00）(1).Some activities have recently become illegal in New York.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).It is now illegal to smoke or drink alcohol anywhere in New York.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.
15、Not mentioned(3).Eating apples in the park is illegal.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).The businessmen like the new laws.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).Elle and Serge Schoronitman parked their car on the public driveway.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).The editor of Vani
16、ty Fair magazine thinks some of the new laws are stupid.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).New York is cleaner and safer than before.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Hurricanes (飓风)Did you know that before 1950, hurricanes had no names? They were simply g
17、iven numbers. The first names were simply Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, etc. But in 1953, female names were given because of the unpredictability (不可预知) factor of the storms. In 1979, realizing the sexist (性别歧视的) nature of such names, the lists were expanded to include both men and women. Hurricanes and ty
18、phoons (台风) are the same things. If they form in the Atlantic, we call these strong storms hurricanes, from the West Indian word hurricane, meaning “big wind“. And if they are Pacific storms, they are called typhoons from the Chinese taifun, meaning “great wind“. To be classified as a hurricane, the
19、 storm must have maximum winds of at least 75 mph. These storms are big, many hundreds of miles in diameter. Hurricanes get their power from water vapor as it gets out its stored up energy. All water vapor gives out heat as it condenses (凝结) from a gaseous state to a liquid state over fixed points o
20、n the equator (赤道). To make a hurricane, you must have extremely wet, warm all the kind of air that can only be found in tropical regions. Scientists have determined that the heat given out in the process of water condensation can be as high as 95 billion kilowatts per hour. In just one day alone, t
21、he storm can produce more energy than many industrialized nations need in an entire year. The problem is that we don“t know how to make such great energy work for us. Predicting the path of a hurricane is one of the most difficult tasks for forecasters. It moves at a typical speed of 15 mph. But not
22、 always. Some storms may race along at twice this speed, then suddenly stop and remain in the same location in the ocean for several days. It can be maddening (发疯的) if you live in a coastal area that may be hit. The biggest advance in early detection is continuous watch from weather satellites. With
23、 these, we can see the storms form and track them fully, from birth to death. While they can still kill people and destroy property, hurricanes will never surprise any nation again.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 1 1. A. A Short History of Naming Hurricanes B. Harnessing the Hurricane Energy C. Difficulty in
24、 Forecasting the Course of a Hurricane D. Huge Energy Stored in a Hurricane E. Forecasting a Hurricane Through Satellite Watching F. Different Names for the Same Things（分数：1.00）(2).Paragraph 2 1.（分数：1.00）(3).Paragraph 3 1.（分数：1.00）(4).Paragraph 4 1.（分数：1.00）(5).Both male and female names are used fo
25、r hurricanes in consideration of 1. A. the timely (及时的) discovery B. convenience C. sex equality D. its connection with humans E. the huge power F. its uncertainty（分数：1.00）(6).Using weather satellites can ensure 1 of hurricanes（分数：1.00）(7).Energy specialists may be interested in 1 of hurricanes.（分数：
26、1.00）(8).Scientists cannot accurately predict the course of a hurricane due to 1.（分数：1.00）四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Electric BackpackBackpacks are convenient. They can hold your books, your lunch, and a change of clothes, leaving your hands free to do other things. Someday, if
27、 you don“t mind carrying a heavy load, your backpacks might also power your MP3 player, keep your cell phone running, and maybe even light your way home. Lawrence C. Rome and his colleagues from the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia and the Marine Biological Laboratory in WoodsHole, have in
28、vented a backpack that makes electricity from energy produced while its wearer walks. In military actions, search-and-rescue operations, and scientific field studies, people rely increasingly on cell phones, global positioning system (GPS) receivers, night-vision goggles, and other battery powered d
29、evices to get around and do their work. The backpack“s electricity-generating feature could dramatically reduce the amount of a wearer“s load now devoted to spare batteries, report Rome and his colleagues in the Sept. 9. The backpack“s electricity-creating powers depend on springs used to hang a clo
30、th pack from its metal frame. The frame sits against the wearer“s back, and the whole pack moves up and down as the person walks. A gear mechanism converts vertical movements of the pack to rotary motions of an electrical generator, producing up to 7.4 watts. Unexpectedly, tests showed that wearers
31、of the new backpack alter their gaits in response to the pack“s oscillations, so that they carry loads more comfortably and with less effort than they do ordinary backpacks. Because of that surprising advantage, Rome plans to commercialize both electric and non-electric versions of the backpack. The
32、 backpack could be especially useful for soldiers, scientists, mountaineers, and emergency workers who typically carry heavy backpacks. For the rest of us, power-generating backpacks could make it possible to walk, play video games, watch TV, and listen to music, all at the same time. Electricity-ge
33、nerating packs aren“t on the market yet, but if you do get one eventually, just make sure to look both ways before crossing the street!（分数：15.00）(1).Backpacks are convenient because _.（分数：3.00）A.they can be very largeB.they can hold as many things as you want to carryC.your hands are freed to do oth
34、er thingsD.you do not have to carry things with you(2).What is the most important feature of the backpack invented by Lawrence C. Rome and his colleagues?（分数：3.00）A.It produces electricity for electronic devices while the wearer walks.B.It can be used as cell phones, GPS in the military actions or f
35、ield studies.C.It is small and convenient.D.It is light and easy to carry.(3).The word “springs“ in paragraph 3 means _.（分数：3.00）A.a small stream of water flowing naturally from the earthB.the season of the year, occurring between winter and summerC.the act or an instance of jumping or leapingD.a le
36、ngth of metal wound around, which returns to its original shape after being pushed(4).According to paragraph 4, what does Rome plan to do?（分数：3.00）A.To make the backpack more comfortable for the wearer.B.To put the backpack on the market.C.To test the advantage of the backpack.D.To promote the backp
37、ack in a newspaper or on television.(5).What is implied in “if you do get one eventually, just make sure to took both ways before crossing the street!“（分数：3.00）A.You will be too excited to watch the traffic.B.Enjoying electronic devices while walking may invite traffic accidents.C.It is not possible
38、 for you to get such a backpack.D.It is wise of you to have such a backpack.六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Some People Do Not Taste Salt Like OthersLow-salt foods may he harder for some people to like than others, according to a study by a Penn State College of Agricultural Sciences food scientist. The resear
39、ch indicates that genetic factors influence some of the difference in the levels of salt we like to eat. Those conclusions are important because recent, well-publicized efforts to reduce the salt content in food have left many people struggling to accept fare that simply does not taste as good to th
40、em as it does to others, pointed out John Hayes, assistant professor of food science, who was lead investigator on the study. Diets high in salt can increase the risk of high blood pressure and stroke. That is why public health experts and food companies are working together on ways to help consumer
41、s lower salt intake through foods that are enjoyable to eat. This study increases understanding of salt preference and consumption. The research involved 87 carefully screened participants who sampled salty foods such as soup and chips, on multiple occasions, spread out over weeks. Test subjects wer
42、e 45 men and 42 women, reportedly healthy, ranging in age from 20 to 40 years. The sample was composed of individuals who were not actively modifying their dietary intake and did not smoke cigarettes. They rated the intensity of taste on a commonly used scientific scale, ranging from barely detectab
43、le to strongest sensation of any kind. “Most of us like the taste of salt. However, some individuals eat more salt, both because they like the taste of saltiness more, and also because it is needed to block other unpleasant tastes in food,“ said Hayes. “Supertasters, people who experience tastes mor
44、e tensely, consume more salt than nontasters do. Snack foods have saltiness as their primary flavor, and at least for these foods, more is better, so the supertasters seem to like them more.“ “However, supertasters also need higher levels of salt to block unpleasant bitter tastes in foods such as ch
45、eese,“ Hayes noted. “For example, cheese is a wonderful blend of dairy flavors from fermented, milk, but also bitter tastes from ripening that are blocked by salt,“ he said. “A supertaster finds low-salt cheese unpleasant because the bitterness is too pronounced.“ Hayes cited research done more than
46、 75 years ago by a chemist named Fox and a geneticist named Blakeslee, showing that individuals differ in their ability to taste certain chemicals. As a result, Hayes explained, we know that a wide range in taste acuity exists, and this variation is as normal as variations in eye and hair color. “So
47、me people, called supertasters, describe bitter compounds as being extremely bitter, while others, called nontasters, find these same bitter compounds to be tasteless or only weary bitter,“ he said. “Response to bitter compounds is one of many ways to identify biological differences in food preferen
48、ce because supertasting is not limited to bitterness.“（分数：15.00）(1).In paragraph 2, John Hayes points out that _.（分数：3.00）A.it is good to health to eat food without saltB.many people reject low-salt food completelyC.many people accept low-salt tasteless food reluctantlyD.food with reduced salt taste
49、s better(2).The fourth paragraph describes briefly _.（分数：3.00）A.how to select subjects and what to do in the researchB.how to identify supertasters and nontastersC.why to limit the number of subjects to 87 personsD.why to select more male subjects than female ones(3).The article argues that supertasters _.（分数：3.00）A.like the taste of saltiness to block sweet tastes in foodB.like snack foods as saltiness is their primary flavorC.consume less salt because they don“t like intensive tastesD.like to share salty cheese with nontasters(4).Which of the following applies to sup
