1、职称英语理工类 C 级模拟 72 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Can you do the task alone, or do you want anyone to assist you?（分数：1.00）A.aimB.helpC.showD.guide2.I was most surprised to hear Susan“s marriage.（分数：1.00）A.veryB.reallyC.moreD.least3.Our new house is on the first floor.（分数：1.
2、00）A.bottomB.thirdC.groundD.top4.Who is the head of this delegation?（分数：1.00）A.captainB.leaderC.bestD.capital5.I asked Lily whether she wanted to go swimming with me and she nodded .（分数：1.00）A.shookB.disagreedC.agreedD.smiled6.Almost everyone at the meeting has different views .（分数：1.00）A.sceneryB.s
3、ightC.understandingsD.opinions7.I will take up teaching this September.（分数：1.00）A.startB.get offC.captureD.pick up8.Don“t be afraid . I am not going to hurt you.（分数：1.00）A.fearB.astonishedC.shockedD.frightened9.Last winter, she bought a pair of beautiful boots .（分数：1.00）A.glovesB.shoesC.trousersD.su
4、nglasses10.We cannot go on quarrelling like this.（分数：1.00）A.chooseB.prepareC.continueD.advise11.As he is going to work in Holland for two years, he will be parted from his two children.（分数：1.00）A.stayedB.separatedC.farD.worked12.The game requires us to find out two simple but effective ways to solve
5、 this problem.（分数：1.00）A.efficientB.cleverC.stupidD.easy13.As he wanted to watch the tennis final of the Olympic Games, he left a pile of dishes unwashed in the kitchen.（分数：1.00）A.numberB.stackC.groupD.crowd14.If no one objects , Mr. Ben will be the next chairman.（分数：1.00）A.disagreesB.approvesC.reje
6、ctsD.refuses15.It is obvious that it has been too late to take action.（分数：1.00）A.trueB.certainC.saidD.apparent二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Look After Your VoiceOften speakers at a meeting experience dry mouths and ask for a glass of water. You can solve the problem by activating the saliva in your mo
7、uth. First gently bite the edges of your tongue with your teeth. Or, press your entire tongue to the bottom of your mouth and hold it there until the saliva flows. Or you can imagine that you are slicing a big juicy lemon and sucking the juice. Before you begin your talk, be kind to your voice. Avoi
8、d milk or creamy drinks which dry your throat. Keep your throat wet by drinking a little sweetened warm tea or diluted fruit juice. If you sense that you are losing your voice, stop talking completely. In the meantime, do not even talk in a low voice. Save your voice for your health. You may feel fo
9、olish using paper to write notes, but the best thing you can do is to rest your voice. If it is necessary, perhaps you can get some advice from a professional singer. What about drinking alcohol to wet your throat? I advice you not to touch alcohol before speaking. The problem with alcohol is that o
10、ne drink gives you a little confidence. The second drink gives you even more confidence. Finally you will feel all-powerful and you will feel you can do everything, but in fact your brain and your mouth do not work together properly. Save the alcohol until after you finish speaking. Perhaps you want
11、 to accept the advice, but you may wonder if you can ever change the habits of a lifetime. Of course you can. Goethe, who lived before indoor skating rinks or swimming pools, said, “We learn to skate in the summer and swim in the winter“. Take this message to heart and give yourself time to develop
12、your new habits. If you are willing to change, you will soon be able to say that you will never forget these techniques because they became a part of your body.（分数：7.00）(1).To solve the problem of dry mouths, one is advised to take cool milk.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).The first paragr
13、aph mentions three ways of activating the saliva in the mouth.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).The writer suggests that you go to see a doctor when you feel you are losing your voice.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).The writer“s advice about alcohol before you make a speech is to t
14、ake one or two drinks so as to give yourself some confidence.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).Due to the effect of alcohol, your thought and your mouth will not coordinate properly.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).Goethe often did outdoor skating and swimming.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.Wron
15、gC.Not mentioned(7).The writer cites Goethe to prove that one can change one“s habits.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Geology and Health1. The importance of particular metals in the human diet has been realized within the past few decades, and the idea that geo
16、logy might be related to health has been recognized for a number of elements such as iodine, zinc and selenium. For example, soils with low iodine contents produce crops, and animals deficient in iodine. A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases. 2. The ultimate source of met
17、als within the human body is rocks, which weather into soil, gaining or losing some of their chemical constituents. The crops we eat selectively remove from the soil the elements that they require for growth. The water we drink contains trace elements leached from rock and soil. Thus the geology and
18、 geochemistry of the environments have effects on the chemistry and health of plants, animals and people. 3. So far there is no data to suggest that people living on metal-rich soils experience a potential health hazard. The levels of metals within naturally contaminated soils are generally not high
19、 enough to cause serious health problems. Living on metal-rich soils does not represent a health risk unless large quantities of soil are digested or metal-rich dust is inhaled. However, small children are particularly exposed to metal-rich topsoil in playgrounds and gardens. They are also the most
20、likely ones to eat potentially dangerous metal-rich soil. 4. Heavy metals are persistent: they do not break down to other chemicals in the environment. Industrially polluted sites usually undergo intensive clean-up and rehabilitation because heavy metals are a health concern once they enter the food
21、 chain. Some trace metals are alleged to cause cancer and are also known to cause poisoning. 5. In contrast, naturally contaminated soils have not been subject to risk assessment studies and re- habilitation measures, despite the fact that they frequently possess metal concentrations well above thos
22、e of such polluted by humans and above environmental quality criteria. 6. There is a vital need to understand the potential risks and long-term health effects of living on naturally contaminated soils. Future environmental investigations of naturally polluted soils should concentrate on the potentia
23、l pathways of metals into the food chain and human body. Geologists should be part of such studies as they can provide the essential background information on rock and soil chemistry as well as the chemical forms of heavy metal pollution.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 1 1 A. No evidence to indicate bad effe
24、cts of naturally contaminated soil B. Potential hazards of human contaminated soils C. Research on channels of heavy metals getting into human food chain D. Geology and health problems E. Rocks-the ultimate source of soil pollution F. Long-term health effects on children（分数：1.00）(2).Paragraph 3 1（分数
25、：1.00）(3).Paragraph 4 1（分数：1.00）(4).Paragraph 6 1（分数：1.00）(5).Some diseases is connected with deficiency of 1. A. industrially polluted soils B. rock and soil chemistry C. naturally polluted soils D. the pathways of metals into the food chain E. the element of iodine F. the persistence of heavy meta
26、ls（分数：1.00）(6).It is extremely necessary to study the long-term effects caused by living on 1.（分数：1.00）(7).Geologists are indispensable in the research project on geology and health due to their knowledge on 1.（分数：1.00）(8).Industrially contaminated sites usually require a thorough clean-up due to 1.
27、（分数：1.00）四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Energy CycleDo you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it“s painful? This might be called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle. During the hours when you labor thr
28、ough your work you may say that you“re “hot“. That“s true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak. For some people the peak comes during the morning. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but
29、 it leads to such familiar monologues as: “Get up, John! You“ll be late for work again!“ The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cy
30、cle each member of the family has. You can“t change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit to it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you“re sleepy in the evening but you must stay up late anyway. Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later
31、 than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This won“t change your cycle, but you“ll get up steam and work better at your low point. Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely
32、 yawn and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the trouble of searching for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharp
33、er hours.（分数：15.00）(1).If a person finds getting up early a problem, most probably _.（分数：3.00）A.he is a lazy personB.he refuses to follow his own cycleC.he is not sure when his energy is lowD.he is at his peak in the afternoon or evening(2).Which of the following may lead to family quarrels accordin
34、g to the passage?（分数：3.00）A.Unawareness of energy cycles.B.Familiar monologues.C.A change in a family member“s energy cycle.D.Attempts to work more efficiently during the cycle of other family members.(3).If one wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning, he should _.（分数：3.00）A.c
35、hange his energy cycleB.overcome his lazinessC.get up earlier than usualD.go to bed earlier(4).You are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch because it will _.（分数：3.00）A.help to keep your energy for the day“s workB.help you to control your temper early in the dayC.enable you to concentrate on your
36、 routine workD.keep your energy cycle under control all day(5).Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?（分数：3.00）A.Getting off to work with a minimum effort helps save one“s energy.B.Dr. Kleitman explains why people reach their peak at different hours of day.C.Habit helps a person adapt to his
37、own energy cycle.D.Children have energy cycles, too.六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)The first navigational lights in the New World were probably lanterns hung at harbor entrances. The first lighthouse was put up by the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1716 on Little Brewster Island at the entrance to Boston Harbor.
38、 Paid for and maintained by “light dues“ levied (征收) on ships, the original beacon was blown up in 1776. Until then there were only a dozen or so true lighthouses in the colonies. Little over a century later, there were 700 lighthouses. The first eight lighthouses erected on the West Coast in the 18
39、50s featured the same basic New England design: a Cape Cod dwelling with the tower rising from the center or standing close by. In New England and elsewhere, though, lighthouses reflected a variety of architectural styles. Since most stations in the Northeast were set up on rocky eminences (高处), eno
40、rmous towers were not the rule. Some were made of stone and brick, others of wood or metal. Some stood on pilings or stilts; some were fastened to rock with iron rods. Farther south, from Maryland through the Florida Keys, the coast was low and sandy. It was often necessary to build tall towers ther
41、emassive structures like the majestic lighthouse in Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, which was lit in 1870.190 feet high, it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country. Not withstanding differences in construction appearance, most lighthouses in America shared several features: a light, living qua
42、rters, and sometimes a bell (or, later, a foghorn). They also had something else in common: a keeper and usually the keeper“s family. The keeper“s essential task was trimming the lantern wick (灯芯) in order to maintain a steady, bright flame. The earliest keepers came from every walk of life, they we
43、re seamen, farmers, mechanics, rough mill hands and appointments were often handed out by local customs commissioners as political plums. After the administration of lighthouse was taken over in 1852 by the United States Lighthouse Board, and agency of the Treasury Department, the keeper corps gradu
44、ally became highly professional.（分数：15.00）(1).Which is the best title for the passage?（分数：3.00）A.The Lighthouse on Little Brewster Island.B.The Life of a Lighthouse Keeper.C.Early Lighthouses in the United States.D.The Modem Profession of Lighthouse-keeping.(2).Why does the author mention the Massac
45、husetts Bay Colony?（分数：3.00）A.It was the headquarters of the United States Lighthouse Board.B.Many of the tallest lighthouses were built there.C.The first lantern wicks were developed there.D.The first lighthouse in North America was built there.(3).It can be inferred from the passage that lighthous
46、es in the Northeast did NOT need high towers because _.（分数：3.00）A.ships there had high mastsB.coastal waters were safeC.the coast was straight and unobstructedD.the lighthouses were built on high places(4).According to the passage, where can the tallest brick lighthouse in the United States be found
47、?（分数：3.00）A.Little Brewster Island.B.The Florida Keys.C.Cape Hatteras.D.Cape Cod.(5).We can know from the passage that the coast of North Carolina is _.（分数：3.00）A.rocky eminencesB.high and fiatC.low and sandyD.high and sandy七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Computers in CarsYou“re far from home on a lonely road.
48、 Shadowy forests stretch away on both sides. A thick mist (雾) makes it difficult to see far beyond your car“s windshield (挡风玻璃). “Can this be route 90A?“ you wonder. If it is, you should be near a town. Yet there“s no hint of one. Night is closing in. And you“re low on gasoline. This is a situation
49、where an in-car computer that can navigate would be a big help. A car computer that navigates? Yes! Such computers exist. Several experimental models are being tested by General Motors, Ford, Chrysler, and several foreign car makers. These computers vary in detail. But they all contain series of maps on videodiscs or videotapes. For example, one computer system contains 13,300 maps covering the continental US. Before starting out on a trip, a driver can type in the code for the region he or she plans to drive through. The computer then shows a map of that region. At t
