1、职称英语理工类 C 级模拟 67 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第一部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Most animal fats are saturated, containing more hydrogen than carbon, and do not spoil as easily as unsaturated fats.（分数：1.00）A.meltB.get used upC.go badD.liquify2.Before the first Apollo rocket went to the Moon, a spot for la
2、nding the lunar module was carefully chosen.（分数：1.00）A.climateB.latitudeC.seaD.location3.The osprey flies above the water and when it spots a fish it swoops down to catch it.（分数：1.00）A.dropsB.seesC.wantsD.selects4.My aunt said that she couldn“t stand being kept waiting.（分数：1.00）A.representB.crumbleC
3、.tolerateD.put out5.The trumpet was part of the opera orchestra long before it became a standard orchestral instrument.（分数：1.00）A.majorB.tunefulC.desirableD.regular6.It has taken many years to adopt internationally recognized standards for the licensing of aircraft pilots.（分数：1.00）A.dataB.criteriaC.
4、committeesD.flags7.Recent studies have shown that the stature of male Americans has scarcely changed in the past two hundred years.（分数：1.00）A.weightB.heightC.life spanD.head size8.Emily Greene Balch“s steadfast labor for freedom and for cooperation among individuals and peoples brought her the Nobel
5、 Peace Prize in 1946.（分数：1.00）A.unwaveringB.acceleratedC.uninhibitedD.aggressive9.The amount of time spent watching television in the average household in the United States has risen steadily since television sets were introduced in the 1950“s.（分数：1.00）A.discreetlyB.consistentlyC.automaticallyD.disp
6、roportionately10.Even with detailed knowledge about an area, geologists cannot easily locate stores of underground natural gas.（分数：1.00）A.varietiesB.mapsC.suppliesD.shops11.It is understandable that early civilizations blamed storms on the gods.（分数：1.00）A.bad weatherB.unsuccessful harvestsC.illnessD
7、.warfare12.Many of Edith Wharton“s best stories were completed under great personal strain.（分数：1.00）A.povertyB.privacyC.resentmentD.tension13.United States Navy Admiral Alfred Mahan wrote many books on naval strategy and sea power.（分数：1.00）A.tacticsB.historyC.battlesD.armaments14.A whale shark“s bod
8、y is stout but streamlined, like that of a whale.（分数：1.00）A.toughB.brightly spottedC.stripedD.smoothly shaped15.It is easy to misjudge the strength of the wind.（分数：1.00）A.forceB.directionC.temperatureD.effect二、第二部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Engineering EthicsEngineering ethics is attracting increasing inte
9、rest in engineering universities throughout the nation, at Texas A smoke from factories pollutes the air of industrialized areas and the surrounding areas of countryside. The air in cities is becoming increasingly unhealthy. The pollution of water is equally harmful. In the sea, pollution from oil i
10、s increasing and is killing enormous numbers of algae (水藻), fish and birds. The whole ecological balance of the sea is being changed. The same problem exists in rivers. Industrial wastes have already made many rivers lifeless. Conservationists believe that it is now necessary for man to limit the gr
11、owth of technology in order to survive on earth.（分数：15.00）(1).Man has changed his physical environment with a view to _.（分数：3.00）A.altering the physical features of the earthB.modifying the face of the planetC.improving his surroundingsD.bettering his way of life(2).According to the passage, polluti
12、on of the air and water is caused by _.（分数：3.00）A.thousands of tons of gases coming out of the exhausts of motor vehiclesB.the changes of the environment that technology has brought to manC.the increasing amount of oil that has been producedD.industrial wastes discharged into rivers(3).The ecologica
13、l balance of the sea is lost when _.（分数：3.00）A.people consume more fish than they used toB.the ecological balance of the river is lostC.large numbers of algae, fish and birds are killedD.the production of marine petroleum is increased(4).Who would most probably disagree with conservationists?（分数：3.0
14、0）A.Industrialists.B.Ecologists.C.Businessmen.D.Environmentalists.(5).The purpose of the writer is _.（分数：3.00）A.to reduce modern technologyB.to improve man“s way of lifeC.to warn people not to change the natural environmentD.to call attention to the protection of the natural environment六、第二篇(总题数：1，分
15、数：15.00)American Marriage and FamilyMore surprising, perhaps, than the current difficulties of traditional marriage is the fact that marriage itself is alive and thriving. As Skolnick notes, Americans are a marrying people: relative to Europeans, more of us marry and we marry at a younger age. Moreo
16、ver, after a decline in the early 1970s, the rate of marriage in the United States is now increasing. Even the divorce rate need to be taken in this pro-marriage context: some 80 percent of divorced individuals remarry. Thus marriage remains, by far, the preferred way of life for the vast majority o
17、f people in our society. What has changed more than marriage is the nuclear family. Twenty-five years ago, the typical American family consisted of a husband, a wife, and two or three children. Now, there are many marriages in which couples have decided not to have any children. And there are many m
18、arriages where at least some of the children are from the wife“s previous marriages, of the husband“s, or both. Sometimes these children spend all of their time with one parent from the former marriage; sometimes they are shared between the two former spouses Thus, one can find every type of family
19、arrangement. There are marriages without children; marriages with children from only the present marriage; marriages with “full-time“ children from both the present and former marriages; marriages with “full-time“ children from the present marriage and “part-time“ children from former marriages. The
20、re are stepfathers, stepmothers, half-brothers, and half-sisters. It is not all that unusual for a child to have four parents and grandparents! These are enormous changes from the traditional nuclear family. But even so, even in the midst of all this, there remains one constant, most Americans spend
21、 most of their adult life married.（分数：15.00）(1).By calling Americans marrying people the author means that _.（分数：3.00）A.Americans are more traditional than EuropeansB.Americans expect more out of marriage than EuropeansC.there are more married couples in the U.S than in EuropeD.more of Americans, as
22、 compared with Europeans, prefer marriage and they accept it at a younger age.(2).Divorced Americans _.（分数：3.00）A.will most likely remarryB.prefer the way they liveC.have lost faith in marriageD.are the vast majority of people in the society(3).Which of the following can be presented as the picture
23、of today“s American families?（分数：3.00）A.A typical American family consists of only a husband and a wife.B.Many types of family arrangements have become socially acceptable.C.Americans prefer to have more kids than before.D.There are no nuclear families any more.(4).“Part-time“ children _.（分数：3.00）A.
24、spend some of their time with their half brothers and some of their time with their half sistersB.spend all of their time with one parent from previous marriageC.are shared between the two former spousesD.cannot stay with “full-time“ children(5).Even though great changes have taken place in the stru
25、cture of American families,（分数：3.00）A.the functions of marriage remain unchangedB.the vast majority of Americans still have faith in marriageC.most Americans prefer a second marriageD.all of the above七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Graphene“s SuperstrengthBig technology comes in tiny packages. New cell phones
26、and personal computers get smaller every year, which means these electronics require even smaller components on the inside. Engineers are looking for creative ways to build these components, and they“ve turned their eyes to graphene, a superthin material, made of carbon, that could change the future
27、 of electronics. This year“s Nobel Prize for Physics has been awarded to Andre Geim and Kostya Novoselov from the University of Manchester, UK. for the discovery of graphene. Graphene isn“t just small, it“s “the thinnest possible material in this world,“ says Novoselov. He calls it a “wonder materia
28、l.“ It“s so thin that you would need to stack about 25,000 sheets just to make a pile as thick as a piece of ordinary white paper. If you were to hold a sheet of graphene in your fingers, you“d have no idea because you wouldn“t be able to see it. Carbon is one of the most abundant elements in the un
29、iverse. Every known kind of life contains carbon. Graphene is a sheet of carbon, but only one atom thick. You don“t have to look far to find grapheneit“s all around you. If you want this high-tech wonderstuff, all you need is a pencil, paper and a little adhesive tape. Use the pencil to shade a smal
30、l area on the paper, and then apply a small piece of adhesive tape over the area. When you pull up the tape, you“ll see that it pulls up a thin layer of some of the shading from your pencil. That layer is called graphite, one of the softest minerals in the world. Now stick the same piece of tape on
31、another sheet of paper and pull the tape upthere should be an even thinner layer, this time left on the paper. Now imagine that you do this over and over, until you get the thinnest possible layer of material on the paper. This layer would be only one atom thick, and you wouldn“t be able to see it.
32、Graphite is made of layers of graphene, so when you get to the thinnest possible layer, you“ve found graphene.（分数：15.00）(1).What would change the future of electronics according to engineers?（分数：3.00）A.Creative ways.B.Big technology.C.Both A and .D.Graphene.(2).According to the second and third para
33、graphs, what is true of graphene?（分数：3.00）A.It can be used to make paper.B.It is easy to find graphene.C.It is possibly the thickest material in the world.D.It is possible to see it with our naked eye.(3).Which of the following can be used to replace the word “apply“ in paragraph 4?（分数：3.00）A.use.B.
34、polish.C.request.D.put.(4).Which of the following is NOT meant in the last two paragraphs?（分数：3.00）A.With a pencil, a sheet of paper and a piece of adhesive tape, we can find graphene.B.Graphite is made of layers of graphene, the thinnest material in the world.C.Graphene is made of graphite, one of
35、the softest materials in the world.D.When we get to the thinnest possible layer of graphite, we find graphene.(5).Graphene“s superstrength lies in the fact that _.（分数：3.00）A.It is made of the most abundant elements in the worldB.It can help to make electronic components smallerC.It is the thinnest m
36、aterial in the worldD.It helps engineers to produce more sensitive electronic products八、第五部分：补全短文(总题数：1，分数：10.00)UV Light Causes Skin CancerDon“t laugh if you hear about kids hiding in their basement this summer. They might have been frightened by a recent report from Europe that liquid sunscreens d
37、on“t protect people from the sun“s harmful rays. Researchers kept track of 631 children, some of whom used sunscreen and 1 . The researchers found that the kids who used sunscreen got more sun-caused moles than did the kids who didn“t use sunscreen. Kids with sun-caused moles are more likely to deve
38、lop skin cancer later in life. Did sunscreen harm the children? Probably not, the researchers concluded. They believe that the children relied too much on their sunscreen and stayed in the sun too long. Sunscreen is still safe to use, say skin experts, as tong as it is used sensibly. Solar Cares Usi
39、ng sunscreen sensibly is more important than ever. Why? Skin experts like Martin Weinstock believe that 2 . Earth“s ozone layer appears to be getting thinner. Ozone is a gas. In the upper atmosphere, ozone blocks much of the sun“s harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Polluting chemicals are thought t
40、o be destroying the ozone in some places. Even though the world“s wealthy countries agreed to stop making polluting chemicals a few years ago, ozone is still disappearing. And that“s bad news, skin experts say, because UV light causes skin cancer, and skin cancer is the most common kind of cancer in
41、 the United States. More than a million new cases of skin cancer are showing up in the United States every year. Scientists are looking at kids to reverse that trend. Why? Because getting too much sun when you“re a kid seems to set the stage for getting skin cancer when (48. . According to Weinstock
42、, three-quarters of all skin cancers might never develop if people under the age of 18 avoided overexposure to the sun. Glaring Facts What happens when skin meets sun? Light rays, which come in varying wavelengths, strike the skin. Visible light consists of wavelengths 3 . Ultraviolet light consists
43、 of waves too short to be seen. UV light comes in several varieties, among them UVB and UVA. UVB wavelengths are slightly shorter than UVA wavelengths. Scientists once thought that UVB light was harmful and that UVA light produced a healthful tan. But opinions have changed. Scientists still agree th
44、at UVB light causes sun burns. But now they suspect that both kinds of UV light damage the DNA of cells. Moreover, scientists believe that either UVA light or UVB light or both weaken the body“s disease-fighting immune system. The body becomes less capable of repairing damaged cells, and such cells
45、may go on to divide uncontrollably. In other words, 4 Three Little Words To help people avoid getting harmed by the sun, the American Cancer Society has summed up its advice in three words. Slip, Slop and Slap. The words are short for “Slip on a shirt! Slop on the sunscreen! Slap on a hat!“ A. they
46、may become cancerous B. people can see C. you“re older D. UVA is different from UVB E sunlight is growing more hazardous F some of whom didn“t（分数：10.00）九、第六部分：完形填空(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Hospital MistreatmentAccording to a study, most medical interns report experiencing mistreatment, including humiliation b
47、y senior doctors, 1 threatened, or physical abuse in their first year out of medical school. The findings come from analysis of the 2 a 13-page survey mailed in January 1991 to 1,733 second-year residents. The survey and 3 appear in the April 15th issue of the Journal of the American Medical Associa
48、tion. Overall, out of the 1,277 residents 4 completed surveys, 1,185 said that they had experienced at least one incident of mistreatment in their intern year. 5 reporting incidents where they were abused, more than 45% of the residents said they had witnessed at least one incident where other perso
49、ns 6 false medical records. Moreover, nearly three quarters of the residents said they had witnessed mistreatment of patents by other residents, attending physicians, or nurses. Almost 40% said patient mistreatment was a frequent 7 More than 10% of the residents said they experenced some type of sexual harassment or discrimination, verbal abuse was the most common problem cited. When abusive incidents were limited to events occurring three or more times, 53% of the respondents reported that they 8 belittled or humiliated by more senior residents, whil
