1、职称英语理工类 C级-36 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Enormous sums of money have been spent on space exploration.A. Much B. LargeC. Small D. Fixed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.Illinois has produced writers such as Carl Sandburg, gangsters such as A1 Capons, and architects such as Louis Sulli
2、van.A. violent criminals B. politicians C. musicians D. industrialists（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.Academic records from other institutions often become part of a universitys official file and can neither be returned to a student nor duplicated.A. borrowed B. purchased C. copied D. rewritten（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4
3、.It is said the houses aidng this street will soon be demolisheA. pulled down B. pulled up C. pulled off D. pulled in（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.If human beings didnt perspire, they would die in five minutes.A. breathe B. eatC. sweat D. drink（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.Located in Washington, D. C. , the Library of Co
4、ngress contains an imposing array of books on every conceivable subject.A. history B. catalog C. shelf D. collection（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.The carts are painted to correspond to the themed area they are used in.A. march with B. combine withC. standardize D. coordinate with（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.This book em
5、braces many subjects.A. adopts B. covers C. presses D. accepts（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.John is collaborating with mary in writing an article.A. cooperating B. competingC. combining D. arguing（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.Her behavior is extremely childish.A. simple B. immature C. beautiful D. foolish（分数：1.00）A.B.C.
6、D.11.Two thirds of the sufferers of the disease were killed.A. patients B. spreaders C. fans D. pioneers（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.Loud noises can be irritating A. confusing B. interesting C. stimulating D. annoying（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree to w
7、hich they can be deliberately controlled and modified.A. sufficiently B. noticeably C. intentionally D. absolutely（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.I dont get into a panic speaking the language when Im in Greece, its driving on the other side of the road which bothers me.A. anxiety B. objection toC. trouble in D.
8、 dismay（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.Nerve signals may travel through nerve or muscle fibers at speeds as high as two hundred miles per hour.A. velocities B. impulses C. ratios D. atrocities（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)The Cold PlacesThe Arctic is a polar region. It surrounds the North Pole.Lik
9、e Antarctica, the Arctic is a land of ice and snow. Antarctica holds the record for a low temperature reading125 degrees Fahrenheit below zero. Reading of 85 degrees below zero is common in both the Arctic and Antarctica. Winter temperatures average 30 degrees below zero in the Arctic. At the South
10、Pole the winter average is about 73 degrees below zero.One thing alone makes it almost impossible for men to live in Antarctica and in parts of the Arctic. This one thing is the low temperature-the killing chill of far North and the polar South.To survive, men must wear the warmest possible clothing
11、. They must build windproof shelters. They must keep heaters going at all times. Not even for a moment can they be unprotected against the below-zero temperatures.Men have a way of providing for themselves. Polar explorers wrap themselves in warm coats and furs. The cold makes life difficult. But th
12、e explorers can stay alive.What about animals? Can they survive? Do we find plants? Do we find life in the Arctic and in Antarctica? Yes, we do. There is life in the oceans. There is life on land.Antarctica, as we have seen, is a cold place indeed. But this has not always been the case. Expedition s
13、cientists have discovered that Antarctica has not always been a frozen continent. At one time the weather in Antarctica may have much like our own. Explorers have discovered coal in Antarctica. This leads them to believe that Antarctica at one time was a land of swamps and forests. Heat and moisture
14、 must have kept the trees in the forests alive.（分数：7.00）(1).The lowest temperature that man has ever known was recorded in Antarctica.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(2).Winter temperatures average 85 degrees below zero in Antarctica.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.
15、(3).The Arctic and Antarctica are no mans lands because of their notorious coldness.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(4).Polar explorers can stay alive without heaters and windproof shelters.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(5).Despite the hostile environment, both an
16、imals and plants can be found in the oceans and on land in polar areas.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(6).As discovered by expedition scientists, Antarctica has not always been so cold as it is today, so has the Arctic.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(7).At one tim
17、e, the weather in Antarctica was so warm and damp that trees grew there.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.三、第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Metallurgy1Metallurgy (治金学) is the art and science of making metals and alloys (合金) in forms and with properties suitable for practical use. The ar
18、t of metallurgy includes the deriving of metals from their ores, or the condition in which they are found in nature; their purification (提纯) or their admixture with other metals, and finally their manufacture into shapes and forms usable in industry. The science of metallurgy includes the study of t
19、hese processes with a view to (以便) their control and improvement, and the development of new metal mixtures or alloys and of new test methods.2Because of this wide scope the field of metallurgy may be divided into two parts. The first part deals with the melting (熔化) and refining (精炼) of metals, and
20、 has been designated as process of Chemical Metallurgy. The second deals with the physical and chemical behavior of the metals during shaping and treating operations, and their behavior in the service of man. This phase is termed Physical Metallurgy.3The scope of Physical Metallurgy is wide and is o
21、f interest to more people than the field of Process Metallurgy. For example, only a few individuals will be engaged in the operation of a melting and refining furnace, whereas a hundred men will be employed in the rolling (轧制) or forging (锻造) of the metals produced, and thousands of individuals will
22、 work at manufacturing the rolled or forged metal into automobiles, bridges, ships, airplanes, buildings, wire goods, tools, and a multitude of useful articles.4Everyone comes in contact with metals through his many everyday uses; therefore the term metal is well known. Not everyone realizes, howeve
23、r, why metals have come to play so large a part in mans activities. Wood and stone are both older in use, yet to a considerable extent they have been substituted by the metals. The reason for the increased use of metals is to be found in their characteristic properties.5Most important of these prope
24、rties is their strength (强度), or ability to support weight without bending or breaking, combined with toughness (韧性), or the ability to bend rather than break under a sudden blow. Resistance to atmospheric destruction, plasticity (弹性) ,and the ability to be formed into desired shapes add to the rema
25、rkeable combination of properties possessed by no other class of materials. Some metals also have special additional properties, two of which are the power to conduct electric current and the ability to be magnetized.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 2 _ A Division of MetallurgyB Properties of MetalC Range of
26、MetallurgyD Future of MetallurgyE Application of MetallurgyF Definition of Metallurgy（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).The art of metallurgy consists of _.A strength, toughness, plasticity, conductivity and so onB s
27、haping and treating operationsC depriving, purification, admixture and manufactureD the ability to bend rather than break under a sudden blowE chemical metallurgy and physical metallurgyF melting and refining furnace（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).The field of metallurgy can classified as two parts, _.（分数：1.00）
28、填空项 1:_(7).A small number of people will be engaged in _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).The main properties are characteristic of their _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Batteries Built by VirusesWhat do chicken pox, the common cold, the flu, and AIDS have in common? Theyre all
29、disease caused by viruses, tiny microorganisms that can pass from person to person. Its no wonder that when most people think about viruses, finding ways to steer clear of viruses is whats on peoples minds.Not everyone runs from the tiny disease carders, though. In Cambridge, Massachusetts, scientis
30、ts have discovered that some viruses can be helpful in an unusual way. They are putting viruses to work, teaching them to build some of the worlds smallest rechargeable batteries.Viruses and batteries may seem like an unusual pair, but theyre not so strange for engineer Angela Belcher, who first cam
31、e up with the idea. At the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in Cambridge, she and her collaborators bring together different areas of science in new ways. In the case of the virus-built batteries, the scientists combine what they know about biology, technology and production techniques.Be
32、lchers team includes Paula Hammond, who helps put together the tiny batteries, and Yet-Ming Chiang, an expert on how to store energy in the form of a battery. “Were working on things we traditionally dont associate with nature.“ says Hammond.Many batteries are already pretty small. You can hold A, C
33、 and D batteries in your hand. The coin-like batteries that power watches are often smaller than a penny. However, every year, new electronic devices like personal music players or cell phones get smaller than the year before. As these devices shrink, ordinary batteries wont be small enough to fit i
34、nside.The ideal battery will store a lot of energy in a small package. Right now, Belchers model battery, a metallic disk completely built by viruses, looks like a regular watch battery. But inside, its components are very small, so tiny you can only see them with a powerful microscope.How small are
35、 these battery parts? To get some idea of the size, pluck one hair from your head. Place your hair on a piece of white paper and try to see how wide your hair is pretty thin, right? Although the width of each persons hair is a bit different, you could probably fit about lots of these virus-built bat
36、tery parts, side to side, across one hair. These micro-batteries may change the way we look at viruses.（分数：15.00）(1).According to the first paragraph, people try to_.A. kill microorganisms related to chicken pox, the flu, etc.B. keep themselves away from viruses because they are invisibleC. stay awa
37、y from viruses because they are causes of various diseasesD. cure themselves of virus-related diseases by taking medicines（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What is Belchers team doing at present?A. It is finding ways to get rid of viruses.B. It is mass-producing micro-batteries.C. It is making batteries with vir
38、uses.D. It is analyzing virus genes.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What expression below is opposite in meaning to the word “shrink“ appearing in paragraph 5?A. Broaden.B. Spread.C. Extend.D. Expand.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which of the following is true of Belchers battery mentioned in paragraph 6?A. It is made
39、of metal.B. It is a kind of watch battery.C. It can only be seen with a microscope.D. It is a metallic disk with viruses inside it.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).How tiny is one battery part?A. Its width is one tenth of a hair.B. It equals the width of a hair.C. It is as thin as a piece of paper.D. Its width
40、is too tiny to measure.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)The SeaWhat do you know about the sea? We know that it looks very pretty when the sun is shining on it. We also know that it can be very rough when there is a strong wind. What other things do we know about it?The first thingto remember is
41、 that the sea is very big. When you look at the map of the world you will find there is more water than land. The sea covers three quarters of the world.The sea is also very deep in some places. It is not deep everywhere. Some parts of the sea are very shallow. But in some places the depth of the se
42、a is very great. There is one spot, near Japan, where the sea is nearly 11 kilometres deep! The highest mountain in the world is about 9 kilometres high. If that mountain were put into the sea at that place, there would be 2 kilometres of water above it! What a deep place!If you have swum in the sea
43、, you know that it is salty. You can taste the salt. Rivers, which flow into the sea, carry salt from the land into the sea. Some parts of the sea are more salty than other parts. There is one sea, called the Dead Sea, which is very salty. It is so salty that swimmers cannot sink! Fish cannot live i
44、n the Dead Sea!In most parts of the sea, there are plenty of fishes and plants. Some live near the top of the sea. Others live deep down. There are also millions of tiny living things that float in the sea. These floating things are so small that it is hard to see them. Many fish live by eating thes
45、e.The sea can be very cold. Divers, who go deep down in the sea, know this. On the top the water may be warm. When the diver goes downwards, the sea becomes colder and colder. Another thing happens. When the diver goes deeper, the water above presses down on him. It squeezes him. Then the diver has
46、to wear clothes made of metal. But he cannot go very deep. Some people who wanted to go very deep used a very strong diving ship! They went down to the deepest part of the sea in it. They went down to a depth of eleven kilometres!（分数：15.00）(1).When does the sea look beautiful?A. When it is calm.B. W
47、hen the weather is fine.C. When there is a strong wind.D. When there is a storm.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).How much of the earths surface does land cover?A. 15%. B. 25%. C. 30%. D. 45%. （分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Why does the author cite the sea somewhere near Japan?A. To show that the sea in some places is ver
48、y deep.B. To show that the sea in some places is very shallow.C. To show that its depth is 9 kilometres greater than the height of the highest mountain.D. To show that its depth is 11 kilometres greater than the height of the highest mountain.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which of the following statements ab
49、out the Dead Sea is NOT true?A. There are plenty of fishes in it.B. It is a safe place for swimmers.C. It is extremely salty.D. No fish can be found in it.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Why cant people go very deep in the sea?A. Because the deepest part of the sea is very cold.B. Because the deepest part of the sea is very rough.C. Because the pressure of water at great depths is unendurable.D.
