1、职称英语理工类 B 级真题 2005 年及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：120 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项 (第 115 题，每(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1. It is obvious that he will win the game （分数：1.00）A.likelyB.possibleC.clearD.strange2.There is no risk to public health （分数：1.00）A.pointB.dangerC.chanceD.hope3.Did anyone call me when was out? （分数：1.00）A.invit
2、eB.answerC.nameD.phone4.It took us along time to mend the house （分数：1.00）A.buildB.destroyC.designD.repair5. I dont quite follow what she is saying （分数：1.00）A.believeB.understandC.explainD.accept6.We can no longer put up with his actions （分数：1.00）A.bearB.acceptC.supportD.oppose7.Loud noises can be ir
3、ritating （分数：1.00）A.confusingB.interestingC.stimulatingD.annoying8.That player is eternally arguing with the referee （分数：1.00）A.desperatelyB.eventuallyC.constantlyD.extensively9.The governor gave a rather vague outline of his tax plan. （分数：1.00）A.unclearB.firmC.shortD.neat10.Gambling is lawful in Ne
4、vada? （分数：1.00）A.popularB.boomingC.legalD.profitable11. These are their motives for doing it- （分数：1.00）A.reasonsB.excusesC.answersD.plans12.The river widens considerably as it begins to turn west. （分数：1.00）A.twistsB.stretchesC.broadensD.bends13.Henry cannot resist the lure of drugs- （分数：1.00）A.abuse
5、B.flavorC.temptationD.consumption14.These programmes are of immense value to old people? （分数：1.00）A.naturalB.fatalC.tinyD.enormous15.A great deal has been done to remedy the situation （分数：1.00）A.maintainB.improveC.assessD.protect二、第 2 部分:阅读判断 (第 16-22 题(总题数：1，分数：7.00)The Smog(烟雾) For over a month. I
6、ndonesia was in crisis. Forest fires raged out of control as the country Suffered its worst drought for 50 years . Smoke form the fires mixed with sunlight and hot dry air to form a cloud of smog This pollution quickly spread and within days it was hanging over neighbouring countries including Malay
7、siaSingapore and Thailand When the smoke combined with pollution from factories and carsit soon became poisonous(有毒的)Dangerous amounts of CO became trapped under the smog and pollution levels rose People wheezed f 喘息)and coughed as they left the house and their eyes watered immediately The smog made
8、 it impossible to see across streets and whole cities disappeared as grey soot(烟灰)covered everythingIn some areas，water was hosed(用胶管浇)from highrise city buildings to tIY and break up the smogFinally，heavy rains，which came in November，put out the fires and cleared the airBut the environmental costs
9、and health problems will remainMany people from South-Eastern Asian cities aireadv suffer from breathing huge amounts of car exhaust fumes(汽车排放的废气)and factory pollutionBreathing problems could well increase and many non-sufferers may have difficulties for 血 e first timeWildlife has suffered tooIn lo
10、wland forests，elephants，deer, and tigers have been driven out of their homes by smog But smog is not just an Asian problemIn fact，the word was first used in London in 1905 to describe the mixture of smoke and thick fogFog often hung over the capitalSometimes thesmog was so thick and poisonous that p
11、eople were killed by breathing problems or in accidents About 4，000 Londoners died within five days as a result of thick smog in 1952. （分数：7.00）(1). Indonesia was in crisis because of the drought （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2). The smog spread to neighbouring countries （分数：1.00）A.RightB.W
12、rongC.Not mentioned(3).The air?pollution index went up t0 300 within a few days （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4). Water was used to try to break up the smog （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5). Many Indonesians blamed the government for the drought （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mention
13、ed(6).The forest animals havent been affected by the smog （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).The word“smog”first appeared in 1952 （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子 (第 21(总题数：2，分数：8.00)Cloning(克隆)：Future Perfect? 1 A clone is an exact copy of a plant or animal produced f
14、rom any one cell Since Scottish scientists reported that they had managed to clone a sheep named Dolly in 1997 research into cloning has grown rapidlyIn May 1998，scientists in Massachusetts managed to create WTO identical calves(牛犊)using cloning technology A mouse has also been cloned successfully B
15、ut the debate over cloning humans really started when Chicago physicist Richard Seed made a surprising announcement：“We will have managed to clone a human being within the next two years，”he told the world 2 Seeds announcement provoked a lot of media attention，most of it negativeIn Europe，nineteen n
16、ations have already signed an agreement banning human cloning and in the US the President announced：“We will be introducing a law to ban au human cloning and many states in the US will have passed anticloning laws by the end of the year” 3 Many researchers are not so negative about cloning They are
17、worried that laws banning human cloning will threaten important research In March，The New England Journal of Medicine called any plan to ban research on cloning humans seriously mistaken Many researchers also believe that in spite of attempts to ban it，human cloning will have become routine by 2010
18、because it is impossible to stop the progress of science 4 Is there reason to fear that cloning will lead to a nightmare world? The public has been bombarded(轰炸)with newspaper articles，television shows and films，as well as cartoonsSuch information is often misleading，and makes people wonder what on
19、earth the scientists will be doing next 5 Within the next five to ten years scientists will probably have found a way of cloning humansIt could be that pretty soon we will be able to choose the person that we want our child to look like But how would it feel to be a clone among hundreds，the anti-clo
20、ners ask Pretty cool，answer the pro-cloners (赞成克隆的人) 23 Paragraph l _ 24 Paragraph 2_ 25 Paragraph 3_ 26 Paragraph 4_ A Strong Reactions B Anxiety about the Future of Cloning C The Right to Choose D What is Cloning? E Arguments in Favor of Cloning F A Common Sight （分数：4.00）A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.E.
21、A.B.C.D.27 Richard Seed claimed to be able to clone_ 28 Richard Seeds announcement received_ 29 The United States will introduce_ 30 Within ten years scientists will probably have_ A the nucleus of a cell B cloned human beings C a human being in two years D a law to ban human cloning E a report on h
22、uman cloning F heavy media coverage （分数：4.00）A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.E.F.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(第 3145 题，每题(总题数：3，分数：45.00)第一篇 Almost Human? Scientists are racing to build the worlds first thinking robotThis is not science fiction：somesay they will have made it by the year 2020 Carol Packer reports M
23、achines that walk，speak and feel are no longer science fictionKismet is the name of an android(机器人)which scientists have built at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT) Kismet is different from the traditional robot because it Can show human emotionsIts eyes，ears and lips move to show when i
24、t feels happy. sad or boredKismet is one of the first of a new generation of androidsrobots that look like human beingswhich Can imitate human feelingsCog，another android invented by the MIT, imitates the action of a motherHowever, scientists admit that So far Cog has the mental ability of a twoyear
25、old The optimists(乐观主义者)say that by the year 2020 we will have created humanoids(机器人)with brains similar to those of all adult human beingThese robots will be designed to look like people to make them more attractive and easier to sell to the publicWhat kind of jobs will they do? In the future，robot
26、s like Robonaut，a humanoid invented by NASA，will be doing dangerous jobs，like repairing space stationsThey will also be doing more and mom of the household work for us In Japan，scientists are designing androids that will entertain us bydancing and playing the piano Some people worry about what the f
27、uture holds：will robots become monsters(怪物)?Will people themselves become increasingly like robots? Experts predict that more and more people will be wearing microcomputers，connected to the Internet，in the futurePeople will have microchips in various parts of their body，which will connect them to a
28、wide variety of gadgets(小装置)Perhaps we should not exaggerate(夸大)the importance of technology，but one wonders whether，in years to come，we will still be falling in love，and whether we will still feel painWho knows? （分数：15.00）(1).Kismet is different from traditional robots because （分数：3.00）A.it thinks
29、for itselfB.It is not like science fictionC.it can look after twoyear-oldD.it seems to have human feelings(2).What makes Cog special? （分数：3.00）A.It looks like a motherB.It behaves like a childC.It can imitate the behavior of a motherD.It has a huge brain(3).In about 15 years time from now，robots （分数
30、：3.00）A.will become space designersB.will look like monstersC.will behave like animalsD.will think like humans(4).In the future robots will also （分数：3.00）A.explore spaceB.entertain peopleC.move much fasterD.do a11 of the housework(5).What is the writers attitude to robots in the future? （分数：3.00）A.C
31、riticalB.HostileC.ObjectiveD.Enthusiastic第二篇 Credit Card Only Works When Spoken to A credit card that will not work unless it hears its owners voice could become an important weapon in the fight against fraud(欺骗) The card requires users to give a spoken password that it recognizes using a built-in V
32、oice-recognition chipThe idea is to prevent thieves using a stolen card or fraudsters using someone elses credit card details to buy goods online A model built by engineers at Beepcard in Santa Monica，California，represents the first attempt to pack a microphone。a loudspeaker，a battery and a voice?re
33、cognition chip into a standardsized credit card They are not quite there yet：the card is the length and width of an ordinary credit card，but it is still about three times as thickThe company now plans to make it thinner The voice card is based on an earlier Beepcard technology designed to prevent fr
34、aud in online transactions This earlier card has no microphone，but has a built?in loudspeaker that it uses to“squawk”(发出叫声)a voice ID signal via a computers microphone to an online server By verifying(证实)that the signal matches the card details，the server can establish that the user is not simply ke
35、ying in a credit card number but actually has the card to handThe ID code changes each time the card is used in a preordered sequence that only the server knows This prevents fraudsters recording the beeps，noting the card details and then playing back the audible ID when they key in the details late
36、r But this earlier technology cannot prevent fraudulent use of stolen cards The new one can The new voice card also identifies itself by its ID squawkbut it will not do this until it has verified the legitimate(合法的)users spoken password Thieves will be unable to use the card because even if they kne
37、w the password they would have to be able to copy the owners voice with a high degree of accuracy The challenge for Beepcard has been to develop voice-recognition and audio circuitry that Can be powered by a mini battery embedded(嵌入的)in a credit cardTo maximize battery life，the electronics are only
38、switched on when the card is being usedPressing a button on the cards surface prompts it to utter “Say your password ”in female voice If the voicerecognition software proves that the password is authentic(真实的)，it sends its ID squawk which the server then identifiesallowing the transaction to proceed
39、 （分数：15.00）(1).The voice credit card is an important invention because （分数：3.00）A.it can be made cost-effectivelyB.it can leave voice messages，C.it makes online shopping easyD.it makes fraud difficult(2).What is the problem which the model card? （分数：3.00）A.It is too largeB.It is toot hickC.It cant b
40、e used in online transactionsD.It doesnt have a loudspeaker(3).Which of the following statements about the earlier card is true? （分数：3.00）A.Its owner can change the ID code freelyB.Its user does not need to key in the ID numberC.It can record its users spoken passwordD.It still can be used by someon
41、e else after being stolen(4).What is the advantage of the new voice card? （分数：3.00）A.It recognizes only its owners spoken passwordB.It doesnt need to work with an online serverC.It requires less ID informationD.It has a playback function(5).What can we learn from the last paragraph about the voice c
42、ard? （分数：3.00）A.Only female voice passwords could be recognizedB.Further improvement should be made to extend battery lifeC.There is no limit to its applicationD.Female customers like to use it第三篇 More Than a Ride to School The National Education Association claims，“The school bus is a mirror of the
43、 community” They further add that，unfortunately，what appears on the exterior does not always reflect the reality of a chosen communityThey are rightsometimes it reflects more! Just ask Liesl DensonRiding the sch001 bus has been more than a ride to school for LieslBruce Hardy, sch001 bus driver for A
44、1thouse Bus Company has been Liesls bus driver since kindergarten，Last year when Liesls family moved to Parkesburg，knowing her bus went by her new residence，she requested to ride the same bus This year Liesl is a senior and will enjoy her last year riding the busShe says，“Its been a great ride so fa
45、r! My bus driver is so cool and has always been a good friend and a good listener Sometimes when youre a child adults do not think that what you have to say is important ML Hardy always listens to what you have to say and makes you feel important Her friends Ashley Batista and Amanda Wolfe agree Bru
46、ce Hardy has been making Octorara students feel special since 1975 This year he will celebrate 30 years working for Althouse Bus CompanyLarry Althouse，president of the company acknowledges Bruce Hardys outstanding record：“You do not come by employees like Bruce these daysHe has never missed a day of
47、 work and has a perfect driving recordHe was recognized in 2000 by the Pennsylvania School Bus Association for driving 350，000 accident free milesHardys reputation is made further evident through the relationships he has made with the students that ride his bus Althouse further adds，”Althouse Bus Co
48、mpany was established 70 years ago and has been providing quality transportation ever since My grandfather started the business with one busAlthouse Bus Company is delighted to have the opportunity to bring distinctive and safe service to our local school and community and looks forward to continuin
49、g to provide quality service for many more years to come” Three generations of business is not all the company has enjoyed Thanks to drivers like Bruce Hardy ,they have been building relationships through generationsLiesls mother Carol also enjoys fond memories of riding Bruce Hardys bus to the Octorara School District （分数：15.00）(1).The word “mirror in the first li
