1、职称英语理工类 B 级真题 2004 年及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项 (第 115 题，每(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Have you talked to her lately? （分数：1.00）A.lastlyB.finallyC.shortlyD.recently2.While we dont agree，we continue to befriends （分数：1.00）A.whoeverB.whereC.AlthoughD.Whatever3. Enormous sums of money have been spent
2、on space exploration （分数：1.00）A.MuchB.LargeC.SmallD.Fixed4.About one million Americans are diagnosed annually with skin cancer （分数：1.00）A.every yearB.severelyC.activelyD.every month5.The policeman wrote down all the particulars of the accident （分数：1.00）A.secretsB.detailsC.benefitsD.words6.We will ta
3、ke your recent illness into consideration when marking your exams （分数：1.00）A.effectB.accountC.effortD.discount7.There are a limited number of books on this subject in the library （分数：1.00）A.smallB.totalC.goodD.great8.The chairman proposed that we should stop the meeting （分数：1.00）A.showedB.suggestedC
4、.agreedD.believed9.Mary has blended the ingredients. （分数：1.00）A.madeB.mixedC.cookedD.eaten10. They agreed to modify their policy （分数：1.00）A.clarifyB.defineC.changeD.develop11. The dentist has decided to extract her bad tooth （分数：1.00）A.take outB.break offC.push inD.dig up12.The economy continued to
5、exhibit signs of decline in September （分数：1.00）A.playB.showC.sendD.tell13.This table is strong and durable （分数：1.00）A.long-lastingB.extensiveC.far-reachingD.eternal14.He endured great pain before he finally expired （分数：1.00）A.firedB.resignedC.diedD.retreated15.The girl is gazing at herself the mirro
6、r （分数：1.00）A.smilingB.laughingC.shoutingD.staring二、第 2 部分：阅读判断 (第 1622 题，(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Mother Nature Shows Her Strength Tornadoes(龙卷风)and heavy thunderstorms moved across the Great Lakes and into Trumbull County on Saturday evening：The storms were dramatic and dangerous George Snyder was driving th
7、e fire truck down Route 88 when he first noticed that a funnel(漏斗状的)cloud was behind him“I stopped the truck and watched the funnel cloudIt was about 100 feet off the ground and I saw it go up and down for a whileIt was moving toward Bradley Road and then suddenly it disappeared”Snyder said Snyder o
8、nly saw one of the funnel clouds that passed through northeastern Ohio on SaturdayIn Trumbull County, a tornado turned trees onto their sidesSome trees feel onto houses and CarsOther trees fell into telephone and electrical wires as they went down Amanda Symcheck was having a party when the storm be
9、gan“I knew something was wrong，”she said“I saw the sky go green and pink(粉红色)Then it sounded like a train rushing toward the houseI started crying and told everyone to go to the basement for protection” The tornado caused a lot of damage to cars and houses in the areaIt will take a long time and muc
10、h money to repair everythingThere was also serious water damage from the thunderstormsThe heavy rains and high wind caused the power to go out in many homes? The storms caused serious flooding in areas near the riverMore than four inches of rain fell in parts of Trumbull CountyThe river was so hight
11、 that the water ran into streets and housesMany streets had to be closed to Cars and trucks because of the high waterThis made it difficult for fire truckspolice cars，and other rescue vehicles to help people who were in trouble? Many people who live near the river had to leave their homes for their
12、own safetySome people reported five feet of water in their homesLocal and state officials opened emergency shelters for the people who were evacuated(撤走)The Red Cross served meals to them “This was a really intense storm。”said Snyder People were afraid。Mother Nature call be fierceWe were lucky this
13、timeNo one was killed” （分数：7.00）(1). The weather was nice in Trumbull County on Saturday evening （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).George Snyder was a firefighter （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).Amanda Symcheck was having a party in the basement when the storm began? （分数：1.00）A.Rig
14、htB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).Power supply system was not damaged during the stoma? （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5). There had not been such a severe storm in Trumbull County for a hundred years （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).Rescue vehicles had a hard time getting to people （分数：1
15、.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).Several people were missing during the storm （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子 (第 23(总题数：2，分数：8.00)Ford 1 Fords great strength was the manufacturing .ring process-not inventionLong before he started a car company，he was a worker, known for
16、picking up pieces of metal and wire and turning them into machinesHe started putting cars together in 1 89 1. A1though it was by no means the first popular automobile，the Model T showed the world use how creative Ford was at combining technology and market 2 The companys assembly line alone threw Am
17、ericas Industrial Revolution into overdrive(高速运转)Instead of having workers put together the entire Car，Fords friends，who were great too lmakers from Scotland，organized teams that added parts to each Model T as it moved down a lineBy the time F0rds Highland Park plant was humming(嗡嗡作响)along in 1914，t
18、he worlds first automatic conveyor belt could turn out a car every 93 minutes 3 The same year Henry Ford shocked the world with the$5.aday minimum Wage schemethe greatest contribution he had ever madeThe average wage in the auto industry then was$2.34 for a 9.hour shiftFord not only doubled thathe a
19、lso took an hour off the workdayIn those years it was unthinkable that a man could be Paid that much for doing something that didnt involve an awful lot of training or educationThe wall Street Journal called the plan“all economic crime”and critics everywhere 1aughed at Ford 4 But as the wage increas
20、ed later to daily$i0，it proved a critical component of Fords dream to make the automobile accessible(可及的)to a11.The critics were too stupid to understand that because F0rd had 10wered his costs per car ,the higher wages didnt matter-except for making it possible for more people to buy Cars ， 23 Para
21、graph 1 _. 24 Paragraph 2 _. 25 Paragraph 3 _. 26 Paragraph 4_. A Fords Followers B The Assembly Line C Fords Great Dream D The Establishment of the Company E Fords Biggest Contribution F Ford8 Great Talent （分数：4.00）A.B.C.D.E.F.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.E.A.B.C.D.27 The assembly line made it possible to _. 28
22、 Ford was the first to adopt _. 29 Higher wages enabled many people to _. 30 Fords higherwage and lowercost strategy was strongly _. A criticized by the media B the IOW wage in the auto industry C own a car D produce cars In Large numbers E the 8-hour-shift practice F combined technology and market
23、（分数：4.00）A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.E.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(第 31-45 题(总题数：3，分数：45.00)第一篇 USBlacks Hard?hit by Cancer Death rates for cancer are falling for all Americansbut black Americans are still more likely to die of cancer than whites，the American Cancer Society said Monday In a special report on
24、cancer and blacks，the organization said blacks are usually diagnosed with cancer later than whites，and they are more likely to die of the disease This could be because of unequal(不平等的)access to medical Care。Because blacks are more likely to have other diseases as well，and perhaps because of differen
25、ces in the biology(生物学)of the can cancer itself, the report added “In general，black Americans have less hope of surviving five years after diagnosis thail whites for all cancer sites and all stages of diagnosis”the report said “In describing cancer statistics for black Americans，this report recogniz
26、es that many of the differences associated with race may be caused by unfair social and economic differences and unequal access to medical care The cancer society said blacks should be encouraged to get check-ups(体格检查)earlier,When cancer is more treatableand it said more research is needed to see if
27、 biological differences play a role The new statistics emphasize the continuing importance of wiping out these unfair socialdifferences through public policy and education efforts，”the organization said in a statement But it also noted a 出 op in cancer death rates “Cancer death rates in both sexes f
28、or all sites combined have dropped greatly among black Americans since 1992，as have incidence rates(发生率),”said the report （分数：15.00）(1).Black Americans arc more likely to die of cancer than （分数：3.00）A.people in other countriesB.white AmericansC.all other AmericansD.their ancestors(2).Which may NOT b
29、e a reason for higher cancer death rates among US blacks? （分数：3.00）A.Unequal access to medical CareB.Greater probability of having other diseasesC.Differences in the biology of the cancerD.Early diagnosis(3). Cancer is more treatable if it isdetected （分数：3.00）A.in an early stageB.in a late stageC.a1
30、10fa suddenD.together with other diseases(4).Public policy and education efforts may help to do away with （分数：3.00）A.death ratesB.various cancersC.unfair social differencesD.biological differences(5). Since 1992，cancer death rates among black Americans （分数：3.00）A.have been going up and downB.have re
31、mained stableC.have increasedD.have fallen第二篇 Crystal Ear One day a friend asked mywife Jill if I wanted a hearing aid“He certainly does”repliedJillAfter hearing about a remarkable new productJill finally got up the nerve to ask me if Idever thought about getting a hearing aid“No way,”I said“It woul
32、d make me look 20 years older” “No。no。”she replied”This is entirely differentIts Crystal Ear!” Jill was rightCrystal Ear is differentnot the old. Styled body worn over-theear aid。but all advanced personal sound system so small that its like contacts(隐形眼镜)for your earsAnd Crystal Ear is super-sensiti
33、ve and powerfultooYou will hear sounds your ears have been missing for yearsCrystal Ear will make speech 10uder,and the sound is pure add natural I couldnt believe how tiny it isIt is smaller than the tip of my little finger and its almost invisible When wornThere are no wires。no behindtheear device
34、Put it in your ear and its readyto-wear mold(形状)fits comfortablySince its not too loud or too tight，you may even forget that youre wearing it! Use it at work or at playAnd if your hearing problem is worse in certain situations，use Crystal Ear only when you need it Hearing loss，which Occurs typically
35、 prior to teenage years，progresses throughout ones lifetimeA1though hearing loss is now the worlds number one health problem，nearly 90 percent of people suffering hearing 10SS choose to leave the problem untreatedFor many millions，treating hearing 10SS in a conventional way can involve numerous offi
36、ce visits，expensive testing and adjustments to fit your earThanks to Crystal Ear，the“sound solution”is now convenient Almost 90 percent of people with mild hearing loss，and millions more with just a little hearing drop-off(下降)，can be dramatically helped with Crystal EarMore over, its superior design
37、 isenergy-efficient，so batteries can last monthsCrystal Ear is now available to help these people treat their hearing loss with a small hearing amplifier(放大器) （分数：15.00）(1).Initially the writer did not want t0 buy a hearing aid because （分数：3.00）A.it would make him look oldB.it would make him nervous
38、C.it was too expensiveD.it was old-styled(2). Which of the following is NOT true of Crystal Ear7 （分数：3.00）A.It is highly sensitiveB.It is powerfulC.It is invisibleD.It is wireless(3). One special feature of Crystal Ear is that （分数：3.00）A.you can control its volumeB.you neednt take it off everydayC.i
39、t is solar-poweredD.it saves power(4).According to the passage，hearing loss is （分数：3.00）A.only a minor health problemB.the worlds most common health problemC.merely a teenage diseaseD.an incurable disease(5).Many people leave their hearing problem untreated because （分数：3.00）A.it is not seriousB.Crys
40、tal Ear is not yet availableC.it is not easy to have it treatedD.they dont want to look old第三篇 Technology Transfer in Germany when it comes to translating basic research into industrial success，few nations can match GermanySince the 1940s，the nations vast industrial base has been fed with a constant
41、 stream of new ideas and expertise from scienceAnd though German prosperity(繁荣)has faltered(衰退)over the past decade because of the huge cost of unifying east and west as well as the global economic decline，it still has an enviable(令人羡慕的)record for turning ideas into profit Much of the reason for tha
42、t success is the Fraunhofer Society, a network of research institutes that exists solely to solve industrial problems and create sought。after technologies?But today the Fraunhofer institutes have competitionUniversities are taking an ever larger role in technology transfer，and technology parks are s
43、pringing up all overThese efforts are being complemented by the federal programmes for pumping money into start-up companies? Such a strategy may sound like a recipe for economic success，but 1t is not without its crities,These people worry that favouring applied research will mean neglecting basic s
44、cience，eventually starving industry of flesh ideasIf every scientist starts thinking like an entrepreneur(企业家)，the argument goes，then the traditional principles of university research being curiositydriven：free and widely available will sufferOthers claim that many of the programmes to promote techn
45、ology transfer are a waste of money because half the small businesses that are promoted are bound to go bankrupt within a few years? While this debate continues，new ideas flow at a steady rate from Germanys research networks，which bear famous names such as Helmholtz，Max Planck and LeibnizYet it is t
46、he fourth network，the Fraunhofer Society，that plays the greatest role in technology transfer Founded in 1949.the Fraunhofer Society is now Europes largest organisation for applied technology，and has 59 institutes employing 1 2，000 peopleIt continues to growLast yearit swallowed up the Heinrich Hertz
47、 Institute for Communication Technology in BerlinToday, there are even Fraunhofers in the US and Asia （分数：15.00）(1).What factor can be attributed to German prosperity? （分数：3.00）A.Technology transferB.Good managementC.Hard workD.Fierce competition(2).Which of the following is NOT true of traditional
48、university research? （分数：3.00）A.It is freeB.It is profit-drivenC.It is widely available D.It is curiositydriven(3).The Fraunhofer Society is the largest organisation for applied technology in （分数：3.00）A.AsiaB.USAC.EuropeD.Africa(4).When was the Fraunhofer Society founded? （分数：3.00）A.In 1940.B.Last yearC.After the unificationD.In 1949.(5).The word “expertise in line 3 could be best replaced by （分数：3.00）A.“experts”B.“scientists”C.“scholars”D.“special knowledge”五、第 5 部分：补全短文 (第 46“50 题(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Conservation or wasted Effort? The black robin(旅鸫)is one of the worlds rarest birdsIt
