1、职称英语理工类 B 级分类模拟 5 及答案解析(总分：99.95，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：补全短文(总题数：5，分数：50.00)Public RelationsPublic relation is a broad set of planned communications about the company, including publicity releases, designed to promote goodwill and a favorable image. Publicity then is part of public relations when it is
2、 initiated by the firm, 1 Since public relations involves communications with stockholders, financial analysts, government officials, and other noncustomer groups, it is usually placed outside the marketing department, perhaps as a staff department or outside consulting firm reporting to top managem
3、ent. This organizational placement can be a limitation because the public relations department or consultant will likely not be in tune with marketing efforts. Poor communication and no coordination may be the consequences. 2 this influence generally may be less than that provided by the other compo
4、nents of the public image mix. Publicity may be in the form of news releases 3 Publicity on the other hand should not be divorced from the marketing department, as it can provide a useful adjunct to the regular advertising. Furthermore, 4 ; some can result from an unfavorable press as a reaction to
5、certain actions or lack of actions that are controversial or even down-right ill-advised. The point we wish to emphasize is that a firm is deluding itself if it thinks its public relations function, whether within the company or an outside firm, can take care of public image problems and opportuniti
6、es. Many factors impact on the public image. Many of these have to do with the way the firm does business, 5 Public relations and directed publicity may help highlight favorable newsworthy events, and may even succeed in toning down the worst of unfavorable publicity, but the other components of the
7、 public image mix create more lasting impressions. A. that have favorable overtones for the company initiated by the public relations department B. not all publicity is initiated by the firm C. usually in the form of press releases or press conferences D. such as its product quality, the servicing a
8、nd handling of complaints, and the tenor of the advertising E. what it means to the company is public relation F. Although the basic purpose of public relations is to provide positive influence on the public image（分数：10.00）Coffee Is “Health Drink“It is a daily routine for millions of Italiansthe mor
9、ning cup of espresso brewed on the kitchen hob or downed swiftly in a care on the way to work. But for years their favorite way of kick-starting the day has had a bad press 6 . Now it seems the tide is turning. Forget the scare stories, says dietician Chiara Trombetti. 7 Coffee can be good for youth
10、e stronger, the better. Coffee contains tannin and antioxidants, which are good for the heart and arteries, Dr. Trombetti says. It can relieve headaches. 8 and can help prevent cirrhosis and gallstones. And the caffeine in coffee can reduce the risk of asthma attacksand help improve circulation with
11、in the heart. There is no denying that coffee is not for everyone. If you drink too much it can increase nervousness, and cause rapid heartbeat and trembling hands. 9 And even Dr. Trombetti says no one should drink more than three or four cups a day. 10 But Dr. Trombetti is adamant that a cup of mil
12、ky coffee could make the ideal start for the next generation of coffee loversItaly“s drowsy school kidsstimulating their brains ahead of a day that often lasts from 08:30 until 16:00. A. All of us are advised not to drink coffee any more. B. Pregnant women, heart patients, and anyone with a stomach
13、ulcer are usually advised to avoid it. C. Most recently when it was reported that doctors had told British Prime Minister Tony Blair to drink less coffee. D. Many parents might be horrified at the thought. E. There is sound scientific reason to enjoy your morning espresso without worrying about the
14、health effects. F. It is good for the liver.（分数：10.00）SemcoAt 21, Ricardo Semler became boss of his father business in Brazil, Semco, which sold parts for ships. Semler Junior worked like a madman, from 7:30 a. m., until mid-night every day. One afternoon, while touring a factory in New York, he col
15、lapsed. The doctor who treated him said, “There is nothing wrong with you. But if you continue like this, you“ll find a new home in our hospital.“ Semler got the message. He changed the way he worked. In fact, he changed the way his employees worked too. He let his workers take more responsibility s
16、o that they would be the ones worrying when things went wrong. He allowed them to set their own salaries, and he cut all the jobs he thought were unnecessary, like receptionists and secretaries. 11 “Everyone at Semco, even top managers, meets guests in reception, does the photocopying, sends faxes,
17、types letters and dials the phone.“ He completely reorganized the office, instead of walls, they have plants at Semco, so bosses can“t shut themselves away from everyone else. 12 As for uniforms, some people wear suits and others wear T-shirts. Semler says, “We have a sales manager named Rubin Agate
18、r who sits there reading the newspaper hour after hour. He doesn“t even pretend to be busy. But when a Semco pump on the other side of the world fails and millions of gallons of oil are about to spill into the sea, Rubin springs into action. 13 That“s when he earns his salary.“ Semco has flexible wo
19、rking hours, the employees decide when they need to arrive at work. The employees also evaluate their bosses twice a year. 14 It sounds perfect. But does it work? The answer is in the numbers, in the last six years. Semco“s revenues have gone from $35 million to $212 million. The company has grown f
20、rom 800 employees to 3,000. Why? Semler says it“s because of “peer pressure“. Peer pressure makes everyone work hard for everyone else. 15 In other words, Ricardo Semler treats his workers like adults and expects them to act like adults. And they do. A. This saved money and brought more equality to
21、the company. B. He knows everything there is to know about our pumps and how to fix them. C. And the workers are free to decorate their workspace as they want. D. Most managers spend their time making it difficult for workers to work. E. If someone isn“t doing his job well, the other workers will no
22、t allow the situation to continue. FAlso, Semco lets its workers use the company“s machines for their own projects, and makes them take holidays for at least thirty days a year.（分数：10.00）Bomb Explosions in ThailandThe New Year celebration in Thailand was shattered by violence, when nine bombs explod
23、ed across Bangkok around midnight. Three Thai citizens were killed and more than 30 injured. Among the injured, six were foreigners. No Chinese casualties were reported, the Chinese Embassy in Bangkok, the capital, said on Monday. 16 But other embassies have advised their citizens to avoid traveling
24、 to Bangkok. “There is a possibility of further attacks in coming days,“ said a travel advisory (公告) from Australia. “Australians are urged to avoid unnecessary travel in Bangkok.“ No terrorist group claimed responsibility for the bombings by Tuesday. 17 Bombings and shootings occur almost daily in
25、Thailand“s three southernmost provinces. Yala, Naarathiwat and Pattani have a dominant Muslim population and have long complained of neglect (忽视) and discrimination (歧视) in the largely Buddhist (佛教徒的) nation. They have asked for independence and a separate state. Since 2004, the insurgents (叛乱者) hav
26、e carried out numerous attacks in the south and more than 1,900 people have been killed. 18 But Thai Prime Minister Surayud Chulanont said on Monday that domestic politics rather than the Muslim insurgency were behind the bombings. “It is likely related to people who lost their political benefits,“
27、Surayud said, referring to Thaksin Shinawatra. 19 Surayud was later appointed interim (临时的) prime minister. Thaksin, however, still enjoys widespread support, especially in the countryside. 20 Thaksin“s lawyer, Noppadol Patama, denied his client“s involvement in the bombings, according to a local we
28、bsite. ASome believe the explosions were the work of separatists. BSome believe that several senior army officers loyal to Thaksin plotted the bombings with ousted (赶下台) politicians to discredit (败坏名声) the government. CThaksin was ousted in a military coup (政变) last September. DThe Thai Government h
29、as been unable to control the violence, though thousands of troops have been sent to the south. EThe embassy issued no travel warnings. FNobody is to blame.（分数：10.00）Read with Greater SpeedDo you have difficulty reading in class? If so, especial reading program that helps match sounds with letters c
30、ould speed up your brain. At least one out of every five elementary school students in the US has trouble learning to read, even when the students are good at other subjects. 21 Researchers from Yale University, US, studied a group of children from New York and Connecticut StateAs part of the study,
31、 37 struggling readers received special tutoring. Every day, instructors worked with them on recognizing how written letters represent units of sound called phonemes (音素). 22 By the end of the school year, these children could read faster than before. They also made fewer mistakes, and understood mo
32、re of what they read than they could earlier in the year. As part of their study, the researchers used a special machine to take action photos of the students“ brains. 23 This is the same part of the brain that becomes active when good readers read. This activated brain area appears to include a str
33、ucture that helps people recognize familiar written words quickly. In lower level readers, this structure remains inactive. A year later, the brain structure was still working hard in the students who had gone through the special tutoring, and they continued to do well in reading tests. 24 However,
34、some researchers still doubt the study. 25 AMany adults are interested in matching sounds with letters. BThe students also practiced reading aloud and spelling. CThe biggest challenge for many of these kids, scientists say, is matching sounds with letters. DAnother group in the study who went throug
35、h a more traditional reading program didn“t show the same progress. EThe pictures showed all increase in activity in the back of the brain on the left side. FThey believe that reading without making any noise or linking words to sounds is more efficient.（分数：10.00）二、第 2 部分：完形填空(总题数：2，分数：50.00)Shoppin
36、g for ClothesShopping for clothes is not the same experience for a man as it is for a woman. A man goes shopping because he needs something. His purpose is settled and decided in 1 . He knows what he wants, and his 2 is to find it and buy it. All men simply walk into a shop and ask the assistant for
37、 what they want. If the shop has it in stock, the deal can be and often is completed in less than five minutes, with hardly any chat and to everyone“s 3 . For a man, slight problems may begin when the shop does not have what he wants. In that 4 the salesman tries to sell the customer something elseh
38、e offers the nearest to the article required. Good salesman brings out such a substitute with 5 : “I know this jacket is not the style you want, sir, but would you like to try it for size. It 6 to be the colour you mentioned.“ Few men have 7 with this treatment, and the usual response is. “This is t
39、he right colour and may be the right size, but I should be 8 my time and yours by trying it on.“ For a woman, buying clothes is always done in the 9 way. Her shopping is not often 10 on need. She has never fully decided what she wants, and she is only “having a look round“. She is always open to per
40、suasion, willing to try 11 any number of things. Uppermost in her mind is the thought of finding something that 12 thinks suits her. Most women have an excellent sense of value and are always on the look-out for the unexpected 13 . Faced with a roomful of dresses, a woman may easily spend an hour go
41、ing from one rail to another 14 selecting the dresses she wants to try on. It is a tiresome process, but apparently a(n) 15 one. Most dress shops provide chairs for the waiting husbands.（分数：30.00）A.detailB.advanceC.hurryD.fullA.objectiveB.needC.dreamD.reasonA.sadnessB.amusementC.surpriseD.satisfacti
42、onA.timeB.eventC.caseD.situationA.careB.skillC.attentionD.interestA.happensB.isC.changesD.comesA.experienceB.isC.interestD.patienceA.losingB.wastingC.spendingD.givingA.sameB.similarC.oppositeD.cleverA.reliedB.doneC.relatedD.basedA.onB.withC.byD.peopleA.nobodyB.someoneC.surpriseD.everyoneA.dealB.barg
43、ainC.surpriseD.peopleA.beforeB.afterC.asD.byA.exhaustingB.boringC.enjoyableD.gracefulWaterFrom the beginning, water has furnished man with a source of food and a highway to travel upon. The first 16 arose where water was a dominant element in the environment, a challenge to man“s ingenuity. The Egyp
44、tians invented the 365-day calendar 17 the Nile“s annual flooding. The Babylonians, who were among the most famous law-makers in ancient times, invented laws 18 water usage. Water inspired the Chinese to build a 1,000- 19 canal, a complex system which, after nearly 2,500 years, remains still practic
45、ally 20 and still commands the astonishment of engineer. But the 21 never found complete solutions to their water problems. The Yellow River is also known 22 “China“s Sorrow“; it is so unpredictable and dangerous 23 in a single flood it has caused a million 24 . Floods slowed the great civilization
46、of the Indus River Valley, and inadequate drainage ruined 25 of its land. Today water dominates 26 as it always has done. Its presence continues to 27 the location of his homes and cities; its violent variability can 28 man of his herds or his crops; its routes links him 29 his fellows; its immense
47、value may 30 to already dangerous political conflicts. There are many examples of this in our own time.（分数：19.95）A.governmentsB.culturesC.civilizationsD.universitiesA.in regard toB.in response toC.in caseD.in spite ofA.regulatesB.regulateC.regulatedD.regulatingA.milesB.mileC.mile“sD.miles“A.in useB.
48、for useC.by useD.on useA.villagersB.ancientsC.farmersD.merchantsA.forB.byC.toD.asA.thatB.whenC.becauseD.whichA.injuriesB.deathsC.damagesD.ruinsA.a numberB.a coupleC.manyD.muchA.womanB.womenC.manD.menA.governB.controlC.leadD.changeA.moveB.violateC.killD.disappearA.byB.onC.andD.toA.increaseB.addC.expa
49、ndD.extend职称英语理工类 B 级分类模拟 5 答案解析(总分：99.95，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：补全短文(总题数：5，分数：50.00)Public RelationsPublic relation is a broad set of planned communications about the company, including publicity releases, designed to promote goodwill and a favorable image. Publicity then is part of public relations when it is initiated by the firm, 1 Since public relations involves communications with stockholders, financial analysts, government officials, and other noncustomer groups, it is usually placed outside the marketing department, perhaps as a staff department or outside consultin
