1、职称英语理工类 B 级-46 及答案解析(总分：628.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1 部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.We Uconsume/U a lot more than we are able to produce. A. waste B. buy C. use D. sell（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.As a writer, he Uturned out/U three novels that year. A. refused B. read C. produced D. accepted（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.Winst
2、on Churchill gave a Umoving/U speech. A. nervous B. foolish C. stirring D. fast（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.We tried to Urestrict/U our conversation to arguments relevant to the topic. A. put B. suit C. confine D. resort（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.It doesnt Ustand to reason/U that he would lie. A. seem logical B. look
3、 pleasant C. appear obvious D. sound important（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.The company Urecommended/U that a new gas station be built here. A. ordered B. insisted C. suggested D. demanded（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.A plastic wheel can be as Utough/U as a metal one. A. useful B. tight C. weak D. strong（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.
4、8.Of all the planets in this solar system, Mercury is Unearest/U the Sun. A. most like B. closest to C. hotter than D. heavier than（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.If wool is put into hot water, it tends to Ushrink/U. A. disappear B. expand C. break D. contract（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.The train came to Uan abrupt/U st
5、op, making us wonder where we were. A. an uncertain B. a slow C. an unexpected D. a smooth（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.Almost all economists agree that nations Ugain/U by trading with one another. A. work B. profit C. rely D. prove（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.The conference Uexplored/U the possibility of closer trade
6、 links. A. denied B. investigated C. stressed D. created（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.The chemical is Udeadly/U to rats but safe to cattle. A. fatal B. hateful C. good D. useful（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.During his lifetime he was able to Uaccumulate/U quite a fortune. A. control B. spend C. collect D. exchange（分数：1
7、.00）A.B.C.D.15.Its impolite to Ucut in/U when two persons are holding a conversation. A. leave B. talk loudly C. stand up D. interrupt（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、B第 2 部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：49.00)Plants in DesertOnly special plants can survive the terrible climate of a desert, for these are regions where the ann
8、ual range of the soil temperature can be over 75. Furthermore, during the summer there are few clouds in the sky to protect plants from the suns ray. Another problem is the fact that there are frequently strong winds which drive small, sharp particles of sand into the plants, tearing and damaging th
9、em. The most difficult problem for all forms of plant life, however, is the fact that the entire annual rainfall occurs during a few days or weeks in spring.Grasses and flowers in desert survive from one year to the next by existing through the long, hot, dry season in the form of seeds. These seeds
10、 remain inactive unless the right amount of rain falls. If no rain falls, or if insufficient rain falls, they wait until the next year, or even still the next. Another factor that helps these plants to survive is the fact that their life cycles are short. By the time that the water from the spring r
11、ains disappearsjust a few weeks after it fallssuch plants no longer need any.The perennials have special features which enable them to survive as plants for several years. Thus, nearly all desert perennials have extensive root systems below ground and a small shoot system above ground. The large roo
12、t network enables the plant to absorb as much water as possible in a short time. The small shoot system, on the other hand, considerably limits water loss by evaporation.Another feature of many desert perennials is that after the rainy season they lose their leaves in preparation for the long, dry s
13、eason, just as trees in wetter climates lose theirs in preparation for the winter. This reduces their water loss by evaporation during the dry season. Then, in the next rainy season, they come fully alive once more, and grow new branches, leaves and flowers, just as the grasses and flowers in desert
14、 do.（分数：49.00）(1).Ordinary plants are unable to survive in the desert mainly because of the changeable weather. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Grasses and flowers in desert are able to survive because they stay in the form of seeds to wait for the right amount of water to com
15、e. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Grasses and flowers in the desert whose life cycles are short shows their ability to adapt to the quick disappearance of rainwater there after it falls in spring. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Winter is the toughest s
16、eason for grasses and flowers to survive in desert. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The shoot system of perennials can help the plants absorb less of the suns ray. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(6).The theme of the second last paragraph is why the perennia
17、ls can survive as plants for several years. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(7).Desert perennials lose their leaves after the rainy season just as trees lose theirs in wetter climates before winter arrives, but the reasons for this feature are different. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not m
18、ent（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.三、B第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：64.00)Local Newspapers in Britain1. Britain has a large circulation(发行量) of the national newspapers. The Daily Mirror and The Daily Express both sell about 4 million copies each day. On average, every family will buy one newspaper in the morning, and
19、take two or three on Sundays.2. Local newspapers are just as popular as the national ones in Britain. Local papers have a weekly circulation of 13 million. Nearly every town and country area has its own paper, and almost every local paper is financially holding its own. Many local newspapers are ear
20、ning good profits.3. Local newspapers have their special characteristics. They mainly satisfy interest in local eventsbirths, weddings, deaths, council meetings, and sports. Editors often rely on a small staff of people who know the district well. Clubs and churches in the neighborhood regularly sup
21、ply these papers with much local news. Local news does not get out of date as quickly as national news. If there is no room for it in this weeks edition, a news item can be held over until the following week.4. The editor of a local newspaper never forgets that the success of any newspaper depends o
22、n advertising. For this reason, he is keen to keep the good will of local businessmen. If the newspaper sells well with carefully chosen news items to attract local readers, the businessmen will be grateful to the paper for the opportunity of keeping their products in the public eye.5. Local newspap
23、ers seldom comment on problems of national importance, and editors rarely take sides on political questions. But they can often provide service to the community in expressing public feeling on local issues. A newspaper can sometimes persuade the council to take action to improve transport, provide b
24、etter shopping facilities, and preserve local monuments and places of interest.（分数：64.00）(1).Paragraph 2 _ A. Keeping Good Relations with Local Businessmen B. Service Provided by Local Newspapers C. Large Circulation of the National Newspapers D. Special Features of Local Newspapers E. Power of Loca
25、l Newspapers F. Popularity of Local Newspapers（分数：8.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3 _（分数：8.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4 _（分数：8.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5 _（分数：8.00）填空项 1:_(5).British people have the habit of reading newspapers in the _. A. a lot of money B. businessmen C. morning D. local people E. national i
26、ssues F. local issues（分数：8.00）填空项 1:_(6).Many local newspapers in Britain are making _.（分数：8.00）填空项 1:_(7).Local newspapers are well received because they carry articles that please _.（分数：8.00）填空项 1:_(8).Local newspapers rarely give opinions on _.（分数：8.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4 部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、B第一篇
27、/B(总题数：1，分数：75.00)Sonys Vision For the FutureAs the television, communications and telecommunications industries emerge, compatibility(兼容性) becomes a big issue for consumers. I think we should maintain open and compatible standards and create features particular to Sony, in other words, the system s
28、hould be open but the services could be distinctivelike restaurants. The menus may be alike but the services are different.Being president of Sony Corporation, I am often asked by this question: With digital cameras and digital camcorders(摄像机), what will be the future of digital imaging?In 1997, opt
29、imists see non-traditional camerasdigital cameras achieving sales of one million units in Japan. We are selling a new digital camera. Even though the price is quite high, it is selling well. And laser and ink-jet printers have improved greatly for printing colour pictures. But traditional pictures a
30、re still more popular than those from todays electronic cameras. Because of that, traditional cameras and digital cameras will co-exist for a long time.If you want me to sum up Sonys vision for the next few years, all I can say is that there will be a big change. We can run our business at Sony base
31、d on todays technologies, which means the digitalisation of audio and video. But beyond 2000, there will be a big change and we should be prepared. This will be the network environment. So we are preparing for a big change in technologies and for a change in the way of thinking as well.We celebrate
32、our 50 anniversary this year (1997), and this coincides(与一致) with what I call the transistor cycle, which has also lasted fifty years since we started using transistors in radios. The electronic industry has undergone a big evolution. But a new technology wave started .with the invention of the micr
33、oprocessor, about 14 or 15 years ago. My theory is that each business cycle lasts 50 years, with one cycle overlapping(重叠) another. The information age started 15 years ago with microprocessors and for another 10 years it will be in the takeoff stage. Like an airport, a 747 approaching the end of th
34、e runway is still gathering speed. So for information technology, for another five to seven years there will not be so much change, only increasing speed. But after that you fly. What that will mean, I cannot foresee. Im just preparing for the takeoff stage while Im president. The job of the next ge
35、neration will be more important. Im just in-between.（分数：75.00）(1).Why does the president of Sony Corporation mention restaurants in the first paragraph? A. To praise Japanese restaurants for offering good services. B. To explain that Japanese restaurants are distinctive. C. To explain what has just
36、been said. D. To emphasize that restaurants are all alike.（分数：15.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What is the presidents view on digital cameras and traditional ones? A. Digital cameras will be cheaper than traditional ones in the near future. B. Digital cameras and traditional cameras will co-exist for ever. C. The
37、prices of digital cameras will go down very soon. D. Digital cameras will not take the place of traditional ones in the next few years.（分数：15.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What will take place in the next few years, according to the president? A. A big change in technologies and in the way of thinking. B. A change
38、 in digitalisation. C. A change in the way of manufacturing. D. A change in the business cycle.（分数：15.00）A.B.C.D.(4).How long does each business cycle last, according to the president? A. 10 years. B. 14 or 15 years. C. 25 years. D. 50 years.（分数：15.00）A.B.C.D.(5).What does the president say he is do
39、ing? A. He is designing jobs for the next generation. B. He is preparing for the “fly“ stage. C. He is doing something for the takeoff stage. D. He is flying an aircraft.（分数：15.00）A.B.C.D.六、B第二篇/B(总题数：1，分数：75.00)LaughterThere is an old saying in English: “Laughter is the best medicine.“ Until recent
40、ly, few people took the saying very seriously. Now, however, doctors have begun to investigate laughter and the effects it has on the human body. They have found evidence that laughter really can improve peoples health.Tests were carried out to study the effects of laughter on the body. People watch
41、ed funny films, while doctors checked their heart rate blood pressure, breathing and muscles. It was found that laughter has similar effects to physical exercise. It increases blood pressure, the heart rate and the rate of breathing; it also works several groups of muscles in the face, the stomach,
42、and even the feet. If laughter exercises the body, it must be beneficial.Other tests have shown that laughter appears to be capable of reducing the effect of pain on the body. In one experiment doctors produced pain in groups of students who listened to different radio programs. The group which tole
43、rated the pain for the longest time was the group which listened to a funny program. The reason why laughter can reduce pain seems to be that it helps to produce endorphins(内啡肽) in the brain. These are natural chemicals which diminish both stress and pain.There is also some evidence to suggest that
44、laughter helps the bodys immune system, that is the system which fights infection. In an experiment, one group of students watched a funny video while another group served as the control groupin other words, a group with which to compare the first group. Doctors checked the blood of the students in
45、both groups and found that the people in the group that watched the video had an increase in the activity of their white blood cells, that is the cells which fight infection.As a result of these discoveries, some doctors and psychiatrists(精神病学) in the United States now hold laughter clinics, in whic
46、h they try to improve their patients condition by encouraging them to laugh. They have found that even if their patients do not really feel like laughing, making them smile is enough to produce beneficial effects similar to those caused by laughter.（分数：75.00）(1).We learn from the first paragraph tha
47、t laughter _. A. is good for ones health B. is related to some illness C. has been investigated long since D. has no effect on the body（分数：15.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Doctors have found that laughter _. A. keeps down blood pressure B. has similar effects to physical exercise C. decreases the heart rate D. increases stress（分数：15.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which of the following statements is NOT true of laughter, according to the passage? A. It reduces pain. B. It exercises the body. C. it improves the bodys immune system. D. It can cure cancer.（分数：15.00）A.B.C.D.(4).In a laughter clinic, doctors _. A. lau
