1、职称英语理工类 B级-38 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.There is an abundant supply of cheap labor in this country.A. a steady B. a plentiful C. an extra D. a stable（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.The immense change of the city astonished every member of the conference. Asurprised Binterested Cbo
2、red Dexcited（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.Hold the torch steady so I can see better.A. continuous B. quick C. finn D. exceptional（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.There is always excitement at the olympic Games when an athlete breaks a record.A. beats B. maintains C. matches D. tries（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.If roundworms are remov
3、ed from the soil and placed in a liquid, they thrash helplessly around.A. carelessly B. tirelessly C. powerlessly D. heartlessly（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.Will you please call my husband as soon as possible?A. contact B. consult C. phone D. visit（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.John Hanson helped draft instructions for M
4、arylands delegates to the Stamp Act Congress.A. clarify B. formulate C. revise D. contribute（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.The latest census is encouraging. A. statement B. assessment C. count D. evaluation（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.Some birds consistently return to the same nesting area each spring.A. occasionally B.
5、purposelyC. regularly D. surprisingly（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.Cement was seldom used in building during the Middle Ages.A. crudely B. rarely C. originally D. symbolically（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.Sulphur has occasionally been found in the earth in an almost pure state.A. regularly B. accidentallyC. sometimes D
6、. successfully（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.The church forecasts that by 2015 this number will increase to nearly to million.A. rejected B. projectedC. released D. produced（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.I can no longer tolerate his actions.A. put up with B. accept C. take D. suffer from（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.As a writer, h
7、e turned out three novels that year. A. refused B. readC. produced D. accepted（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.The young man is too bashful to speak to strangers.A. shy B. haughtyC. indifferent D. upset（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)NorwichNorwich, the capital of the part of Britain known as East An
8、glia, has been in existence for more than two thousand years. It began as a small village beside the River Wensum. At the time of the Norman invasion in 1066 it had grown to become one of the largest towns in England.With two cathedrals and a mosque(清真寺), Norwich has long been a popular centre for v
9、arious religions. The first cathedral was built in 1095 and has recently celebrated its 900th anniversary, while Norwich itself had a year of celebration in 1994 to mark the 800th anniversary of the city receiving a Royal Charter. This allowed it to be called a city and to govern itself independentl
10、y.Today, in comparison with places like London or Manchester, Norwich is quite small, with a population of around 150,000, but in the 16th century Norwich was the second largest city of England. It continued to grow for the next 300 years and got richer and richer, becoming famous for having as many
11、 churches as there are weeks in the year and as many pubs as their are days in the year.Nowadays, there are far fewer churches and pubs, but in 1964 the University of East Anglia. was built in Norwich. With its fast-frowing student population and its success as a modern commercial centre (Norwich is
12、 the biggest centre for insurance services outside London), the city now has a side choice of entertainment: theatres, cinemas, nightclubs, busy cafes, excellent restaurants, and a number of arts and leisure centres. There is also a football team, whose colours are green and yellow. The team is know
13、n as “The Canaries (金丝雀)“,though nobody can be sure why.Now the citys attractions include another important development, a modern shopping centre called “The Castle Mall“. The people of Norwich lived with a very large hold in the middle of their city for over two years, as builders dug up the main c
14、ar park. Lorries moved nearly a million tons of earth so that the roof of the mall could become a city centre park, with attractive water pools and hundreds of trees, but the local people are really pleased that the old open market remains, right in the heart of the city and next to the new developm
15、ent. Both areas continue to do good business, proving that Norwich has managed to mix the best of the old and the new.（分数：7.00）(1).The River Wensum flows by Norwich.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(2).People have lived by the River Wensum for at least 2,000 years.A. Right B. Wrong C
16、. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(3).Norwich has been a city since its first cathedral was built.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(4).Norwich has always been one of the smallest English cities.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(5).The number of foreign students in Norwich
17、 has been increasing since 1964.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(6).The football team is called “The Canaries“ because of the colours the players wear.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(7).It took more than two years to build “The Castle Mall“.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not
18、 mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.三、第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：2，分数：8.00)A concerned with the problems that we will have to solve in the futureB reading books of science fictionC political implicationD a recurrent themeE read worldwideF translated into many languages（分数：4.00）(1).Some form of ideal society is_.（分数：1
19、.00）填空项 1:_(2).Books written by J. Verne are_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).People enjoy_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Works of modern science fiction have_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_A Airport serviceB Training of pilotsC Beginning periodD Rapid growth in the USE DevelopmentF Competition（分数：4.00）(1).Paragraph 2_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_
20、(2).Paragraph 3_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Radiation EffectSpace is a dangerous place, not only because of meteors (流星)but also because of rays from the sun and other stars. The atmosphere again acts
21、 as our protective blanket on earth light, gets through, and this is essential for plants to make the food that we eat. Heat, too, makes our environment endurable. Various kinds of rays come through the air from outer space, but enormous quantities of radiation from the sun are screened off. As soon
22、 as men leave the atmosphere they are exposed to this radiation, but their spacesuits or the walls of their spacecrafts, if they are inside, do prevent a lot of radiation damage.Radiation is the greatest known danger to explorers in space. The unit of radiation is called “rem“ (“雷姆”). Scientists hav
23、e reason to think that a man can put up with far more radiation than 0.1 rem without being damaged, the figure of 60 reins has been agreed on. The trouble is that it is extremely difficult to be sure about radiation damage-a person may feel perfectly well, but the cells of his or her sex organs may
24、be damaged ,and this will not be discovered until the birth of deformed(畸形的)children or even grandchildren. Missions of the Apollo flights have had to cross belts of high radiation and, during the outward and return journeys, the Apollo crew accumulated a larger amount of reins. So far, no dangerous
25、 amounts of radiation have been reported, but the Apollo missions have been quite short. We simply do not know yet how men are going to get on when they spend weeks and months outside the protection of the atmosphere, working in a space laboratory. Drugs might help to decrease the damage clone by ra
26、diation ,but no really effective ones have been found so far.（分数：15.00）(1).According to the first paragraph, the atmosphere is essential to man in that_。A. it protects him against the harmful rays from spaceB. it provides sufficient light for plant growthC. it supplies the heat necessary for human s
27、urvivalD. it screens off the falling meteors（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).We know from the passage that_.A. exposure to even tiny amounts of radiation is fatalB. the effect of exposure to radiation is slow in comingC. radiation is avoidable in space explorationD. astronauts in spacesuits neednt worry about r
28、adiation damage（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The harm radiation has done to the Apollo crew members_.A. is insignificantB. seems overestimatedC. is enormousD. remains unknown（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).It can be inferred from the passage that_.A. the Apollo mission was very successfulB. protection from space radiat
29、ion is no easy jobC. astronauts will have deformed children or grandchildrenD. radiation is not a threat to well-protected space explorers（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The best title for this passage would be_.A. The Atmosphere and Our EnvironmentB. Research on RadiationC. Effects of Space RadiationD. Import
30、ance of Protection Against Radiation（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Puerto Rican Cuisine（菜肴）Puerto Rico, a Caribbean (加勒比海区) island rich in history and remarkable natural beauty, has a cuisine all its own. Immigration（移民） to the island has helped to shape its cuisine, with people from all over
31、 the world making various contributions to it. However, before the arrival of these immigrants, the Taino people lived on the island of Puerto Rico. Taino cuisine included such foods as rodents (啮齿动物), fresh shellfish and fish fried in corn oil.Many aspects of Taino cuisine continue today in Puerto
32、Rican cooking, but it has been heavily influenced by the Spanish, who invaded Puerto Rico in 1508, and Africans, who were initially brought to Puerto Rico to work as slaves. Taino cooking styles were mixed with ideas brought by the Spanish and Africans to create new dishes. The Spanish extended food
33、 choices by bringing cattle, pigs, goats, and sheep to the island. Africans also added to the islands food culture by introducing powerful, contrasting tastes in dishes. In fact, much of the food Puerto Rico is now famous for - coffee, coconuts, and oranges - was actually imported by foreigners to t
34、he island.A common assumption many people make about Puerto Rican food is that it is very spicy(辛辣的).lts true that chili peppers are popular; aij caballero in particular is a very hot chili pepper that Puerto Ricans enjoy. However, milder(微辣的) tastes are popular too, such as sofrito. As the base of
35、many Puerto Rican dishes, sofrito is a sauce made from chopped onions, green bell peppers, sweet chili peppers, and a handful of other spices. It is fried in oil and then added to other dishes.（分数：15.00）(1).who lived in Puerto Rico firstA. the AfricansB. the SpanishC. the AmericansD. the Taino peopl
36、e（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).In the first paragraph the word “it”refers toA. immigrationB. Caribbean historyC. the islands natural beautyD. Puerto Rican cuisine（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).what is the main idea of the second paragraph?A. Taino dishes are important in Puerto Rican cookingB. Food imported by foreign
37、ers isnt really Puerto RicanC. Puerto Rican cooking has many outside influencesD. African foods have probably had the most influence（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).How is sofrito used？A. It is eaten before mealsB. It is added to other dishesC. It is used where foods are too spicyD. It is eaten as a main dish（分
38、数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).which of the following is NOT true?A. softito is a type of extremely spicy food B. Many people think Puerto Rican food is spicyC. Puerto Rican cuisine uses a lot of chili peppersD. Aij caballero is a type of chile pepper（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Since about 1970, new r
39、esearch has helped brain scientists understands these problems better. Scientists now know there are many different kinds of learning disabilities and that they are caused by many different things. There is no longer any question that all learning disabilities result from differences in the way the
40、brain is organized. You can t look at a child and tell if he or she has a learning disability. There is no outward sign of the disorder. So some researchers began looking at the brain itself to learn what might be wrong.In one study, researchers examined the brain of a learning disabled person who h
41、ad died in an accident. They found two unusual things. One involved cells in the left side of the brain, which control language. These cells normally are white. In the learning disabled person, however, these ceils were gray. The researchers also found that many of the nerve ceils were not in a line
42、 the way they should have been. The nerve cells were mixed together.The study was carried out under the guidance of Norman Geschwind, an early expert on learning disabilities. Doctor Geschwind proposed that learning disabilities mainly resultes from problems in the left side of the brain. He believe
43、d this side of the brain failed to develop normally. Probably, he said, nerve cells there didnt connect as they should. So the brain was like an electrical device in which the wires were crossed.Other researchers didnt examine brain tissue. Instead, they measured the brains electrical activity and m
44、ade a map of the electrical signals.Frank Dully experimented with this technique at Childrens Hospital Medical Center in Boston. Dr. Duffy found large differences in the brain activity of normal children and those with reading problems. The differences appeared throughout the brain. Dr. Dully said h
45、is research is evidence that reading disabilities involve damage to a wide area of the brain, not just the left side.（分数：15.00）(1).Scientists found that the brain cells of a learning disabled person differ from those of a normal person in _.A. structure and function B. color and functionC. size and
46、arrangement D. color and arrangement（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which of the following is not mentioned?A. Learning disabilities may result from the unknown area of the brain.B. Learning disabilities may result from damage to a wide area of the brain.C. Learning disabilities may result from abnormal organi
47、zation of brain cells.D. Learning disabilities may result from problems in the left side of the brain.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).All of the following statements are true EXCEPT that _.A. many factors account for learning disorderB. a learning disabled person shows no outward signsC. reading disabilities a
48、re a common problem that affects 10 % of the populationD. the brain activity of learning disabled children is different from that of normal children（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Dr. Dully believed that _.A. he found the exact cause of learning disabilitiesB. the problem of learning disabilities was not limit
49、ed to the left side of the brainC. problem of learning disabilities resulted from the left side of the brainD. the problem of learning disabilities didn t lie in the left side of the brain（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).According to the passage we can conclude that further researches should be made_A. to investigate possible influences on brain development and organizat
