1、职称英语理工类 B 级-29 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.What dreadful experience she has been through! A. terrible B. wonderful C. nice D. cold（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.Everyone aboard the plane perished in the air crash. A. survived B. disappeared C. died D. left（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.They u
2、sed to stroll along the river bank, laughing and chatting. A. walk B. run C. sit D. play（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.The student has checked his test paper thoroughly. A. seldom B. quickly C. completely D. roughly（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.The boss is impatient to novices. A. newcomers B. carpenters C. novelists D. s
3、ecretaries（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.After entering the room, he removed his overcoat. A. moved B. put off C. took off D. threw（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.The restaurant has a good reputation. A. system B. name C. relation D. leadership（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.Safety is always my primary concern. A. secondary B. least C.
4、last D. chief（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.You will be eligible to vote next year. A. competent B. possible C. enough D. allowed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.We will meet in the office at approximately 3:30 in the afternoon. A. about B. almost C. probably D. rarely（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.In fine days, youd better open windo
5、ws to ventilate the room. A. sweep B. air C. clean D. wash（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.The suspect was arrested yesterday and released this morning. A. freed B. relieved C. kicked D. liberated（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.He is accustomed to living in the countryside. A. used B. devoted C. determined D. fond（分数：1.00）A
6、.B.C.D.14.It is convenient to purchase things on line. A. read B. buy C. rent D. watch（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.Poor people queued up to wait for free food. A. lined B. stood C. got D. registered（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Womens minds work differently from mens. At least, that is what mo
7、st men are convinced of. Psychologists view the subject either as a matter of frustration or a joke. Now the biologists have moved into this minefield, and some of them have found that there are real differences between the brains of men and women. But being different, they point out hurriedly, is n
8、ot the same as being better or worse.There is, however, a definite structural variation between the male and female brain. The difference is in a part of the brain that is used in the most complex intellectual processesthe link between the two halves of the brain.The two halves are linked by a trunk
9、 line of between 200 and 300 million nerves, the corpus callosum. Scientists have found quite recently that the corpus callosum in women is always larger and probably richer in nerve fibres than it is in men. This is the first time that a structural difference has been found between the brains of wo
10、men and men and it must have some significance. The question is “What?“, and, if this difference exists, are there others? Research shows that present-day women think differently and behave differently from men. Are some of these differences biological and inborn, a result of evolution? We tend to t
11、hink that is the influence of society that produces these differences. But could we be wrong?Research showed that these two halves of the brain had different functions, and that the corpus callosum enabled them to work together. For most people, the left half is used for word-handling, analytical an
12、d logical activities ; the right half works on pictures, patterns and forms. We need both halves working together. And the better the connections, the more harmoniously the two halves work. And, according to research findings, women have the better connections.But it isnt all that easy to explain th
13、e actual differences between skills of men and women on this basis. In schools throughout the world girls tend to be better than boys at “language subjects“ and boys better at maths and physics. If these differences correspond with the differences in the hemispheric trunk line, there is an unalterab
14、le distinction between the sexes.We shant know for a while, partly because we dont know of any precise relationship between abilities in school subjects and the functioning of the two halves of the brain, and we cannot understand how the two halves interact via the corpus callosum. But this striking
15、 difference must have some effect and, because the difference is in the parts of the brain involved in intellect, we should be looking for differences in intellectual processing.（分数：7.00）(1).Biologists are conducting research where psychologists have given up.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2
16、).Brain differences point to superiority of one sex over the other.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).The structural difference in the brain between the sexes has long been known.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).According to the passage it is commonly believed that brain differences
17、are caused by social factors.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).At the end of the passage the author proposes more work on the effects of the corpus callosum.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).Schoolgirls everywhere tend to be better at language subjects than boys.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.Wro
18、ngC.Not mentioned(7).The study of how two halves interact via the corpus callosum is being carried out.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：2，分数：8.00) A. How Sea Cucumbers Defend Themselves. B. Places Where Sea Cucumbers Live. C. Eccentricities of Sea Cucumbers. D. Favorite F
19、ood of Sea Cucumbers. E. Eating Habits of Sea Cucumbers. F. Color and Shape of Sea Cucumbers.（分数：4.00）(1).Paragraph 2 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ A. extinct B. bizarre C. interesting D. inactive E. greedy F. rep
20、roduce（分数：4.00）(1).According to the passage, of all the sea creatures, sea cucumbers are the most 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).For a long time, sea cucumbers can live at a low metabolic rate and be 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).The appetites of sea cucumbers are 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).When attacked, sea cucumbers can
21、cast off certain organs and 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)In the dark night of the desert, a group of US Air Force scientists is testing a new device for a missile to target. Designed to seek out the heat of an enemy aircraft engine, it is now going through its pa
22、ces by tracing the movement of a flashlight waving thirty feet away in the darkness. A hundred yards away, unseen by the man, a rattlesnake sliding between the stones senses a patch of warmth. Although the snakes mechanism is small enough to be packed into a head the size of a nut, it can detect a c
23、hange in temperature of one-thousandth of a degree. With a sound the snake closes in and strikes for the kill.Whenever we look in the animal world we find the same story. Almost anything that man can do, nature has already done better. So, it is for the purpose of learning from nature that a new sci
24、ence called bionics has grown up. Its aim is to find out how animals instruments work so that man can copy them for his own purpose.Imagine being able to know a friend several miles off by his smell. Male silk moths can do this. Their antennae are so sensitive to the chemical odor of female moths th
25、at they can detect their presence by picking up only one molecule of the chemical. Even with their most sensitive instruments, human cannot approach this perfection.Studying beetles eyes has already paid off. A group of scientists in Germany found that a beetle can accurately measure with its eyes t
26、he speed of moving background. After finding out how a beetle accomplishes this scientists built a machine that operated on the same principle. This instrument is able to determine the ground speed of moving aircraft with a high degree of accuracy.（分数：15.00）(1).The writer compares the rattlesnake wi
27、th a missile in order to _.（分数：3.00）A.show the deadliness of the missile.B.demonstrate what bionics is.C.show that man is wiser than nature.D.demonstrate that a rattlesnake is dangerous.(2).Study of the male silk moth might lead to a new method of _.（分数：3.00）A.locating underground streams.B.making s
28、mooth cloth.C.detecting poisonous gas.D.communicatin(3).Which of the following can be used to replace the word “accomplishes“?（分数：3.00）A.succeeds inB.completesC.doesD.finishes(4).Which of the following is wrong?（分数：3.00）A.Studying the eye of the beetle has helped scientists to measure speed of objec
29、ts.B.Male silk moths can know female silk moths several miles off by their smell.C.Devices of animals discussed here serve a purpose similar to the skin of the human.D.The military uses of bionics are one for developing this scienc(5).The goal for bionics is to _.（分数：3.00）A.explain how animal device
30、s work.B.copy animal processes with man-made machines.C.prove the usefulness of this science.D.apply science to the study of animals.六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Shyness is the cause of much unhappiness for a great many people. Shy people are anxious and selfconscious; that is, they are excessively concerne
31、d with their own appearance and actions. Worrisome thoughts are constantly occurring in their minds. What kind of impression am I taking? Do they like me? Do I look stupid? Am I wearing attractive clothes?It is obvious that such uncomfortable feelings must affect people adversely. A persons self-con
32、cept is reflected in the way he or she behaves, and the way a person behaves affects other peoples reactions. In general, the way people think about themselves has a profound effect on all areas of their lives.Shy people, having low self-esteem, are likely to be passive and easily influenced by othe
33、rs. They need reassurance that they are doing “the right thing“. Shy people are very sensitive to criticism; they feel it confirms their inferiority. They also find it difficult to be pleased by compliments because they believe they are unworthy of praise. A shy person may respond to a compliment wi
34、th a statement like this one, “you are just saying that to make me feel good. I know its not true.“ It is clear that, while self-awareness is a healthy quality, overdoing it is harmful.Can shyness be completely eliminated, or at least reduced? Fortunately, people can overcome shyness with determined
35、 and patient effort in building self-confidence. Since shyness goes hand in hand with lack of self-esteem, it is important for people to accept their weaknesses as well as their their strengths. For example, most people would like to be “A“ student in every subject. It is not fair for them to label
36、themselves inferior because they have difficulty in some areas. Peoples expectations of themselves must be realistic. Living on the impossible leads to a sense of inadequacy.Each one of us is a unique, worthwhile individual. We are interested in our own personal ways. The better we understand oursel
37、ves, the easier it becomes to live up to our full potential. Lets not allow shyness to block our chances for a rich and fullfilling life.（分数：15.00）(1).The first paragraph is mainly about _.（分数：3.00）A.the characteristics of shy peopleB.the cause of shynessC.the questions in the minds of shy peopleD.t
38、he effect of shyness on people(2).According to the writer, self-awareness is _.（分数：3.00）A.harmful to peopleB.a weak point of shy peopleC.the cause of unhappinessD.a good quality(3).what is the shy peoples reaction to compliment?（分数：3.00）A.They are pleased by it.B.They feel it is not true.C.They are
39、very sensitive to it.D.They feel it shows their inferiority.(4).Which of the following does not help shy people overcome their shyness?（分数：3.00）A.Building self-confidenceB.Accepting both weaknesses and strenghsC.Being realisticD.Setting goals high(5).Which of the following statements is true?（分数：3.0
40、0）A.Shyness helps us to live up to our full potential.B.Shyness enables us to understand ourselves better.C.Shyness blocks our chances for a rich life.D.Shyness has nothing to do with lack of self-esteem.七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)People have been painting pictures for at least 30,000 years. The earliest
41、pictures were painted by people who hunted animals. They used to paint pictures of the animals they wanted to catch and kill. Pictures of this kind have been found on the walls of caves in France and Spain. No one knows -why they Were painted there. Perhaps the painters thought that their pictures w
42、ould help them to catch these animals. Or perhaps human beings have always wanted to tell stories in pictures.About 5000 years ago, the Egyptians and other people in the Near East began to use pictures as kind of writing. They drew simple pictures or signs to represent things and ideas, and also to
43、represent the sounds of their language. The signs there people used became a kind of alphabet.The Egyptians used to record information and to tell stories by putting picture-writing and pictures together. When an important person died, scenes and stories from his life were painted and carved on the
44、walls of the place where he was buried. Some of these pictures are like modem comic strip stories. It has been said that Egypt is the home of the comic strip. But for Egyptians, pictures still had magic power. So they did not try to make their way of writing simple. The ordinary people could not und
45、erstand it.By the year 1000 BC, people who lived in the area around the Mediterranean Sea had developed a simpler system of writing. The signs they used were very easy to write, and there were fewer of them than in the Egyptian system. This was because each sign, or letter, represented only one soun
46、d in their language. The Greeks developed this system and formed the letters of the Greek alphabet. The Romans copied the idea and the Roman alphebet is now used all over the world.These days, we can write down a story, or record information, without using pictures. But we still need pictures of all
47、 kinds: drawing, photographs, signs and diagrams. We find them everywhere: in books and newspapers, in the street, and on the wails of the places where we live and work. Pictures help us to understand and remember things more easily, and they can make a story much more interesting.（分数：15.00）(1).Pict
48、ures of animals were painted on the walls of caves in France and Spain because _.（分数：3.00）A.the hunters wanted to see the pictures.B.the painters were animal lovers.C.the painters wanted to show imagination.D.the pictures were thought to be helpful.(2).Which of the following was not represented by E
49、gyptian pictures?（分数：3.00）A.objectsB.alphabetC.thoughtsD.sounds of their language(3).The Greek alphabet was simpler than the Egyptian system for all the following reasons except that _.（分数：3.00）A.the former was easy to write.B.there were fewer signs in the former.C.the former was easy to pronounce.D.each sign stood for only one soun(4).Whi
