1、职称英语理工类 B级-24 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.The student is collecting material for his science report. A. data B. fabric C. substance D. supplies（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.Frank has always been loyal to his friends. A. friendly B. faithful C. hostile D. kind（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.He
2、longed to be famous and respected. A. hoped B. wanted C. was eager D. wished（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.God is believed to be omnipotent. A. everlasting B. extraordinary C. all-powerful D. important（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.He is optimistic that he will win the election. A. positive B. dismayed C. frustrated D. inc
3、redible（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.I enjoyed the dish a lot. Can I have the prescription for it? A. menu B. list C. receipt D. recipe（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.I dont know the origin of this custom. A. nature B. reason C. beginning D. result（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.If human beings didnt perspire, they would die in five mi
4、nutes. A. breathe B. eat C. sweat D. drink（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.I soon perceived that I could not change his mind. A. discovered B. noticed C. saw D. sensed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.She makes believe to be a princess. A. prevents B. pretends C. presents D. prepares（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.Good teamwork has played
5、 an important role in the companys success. A. place B. game C. effect D. part（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.We all think the prices of the computers will soon plunge. A. leap B. fall C. dip D. sink（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.Susan reported her loss and gave all necessary particulars to police. A. details B. happening
6、s C. peculiarities D. qualification（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.He has sufficient time to finish the task. A. perfect B. adequate C. great D. limited（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.The Forbidden City lures millions of visitors from all over the world. A. attracts B. entertains C. receives D. serves（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2
7、部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Mobile Phones: Change Our LifeIn the case of mobile phones, change is everything. Recent research indicates that the mobile phone is changing not only our culture, hut our very bodies as well.First, Lets talk about culture. The difference between the mobile phone and its parent
8、the fixed-line phone, is that a mobile phone corresponds to a person, while a landline goes to a place. If you call my mobile, you get me. If you call my fixed-line phone, you get whoever answers it.This has several implications. The most common one, however, and perhaps the thing that has changed o
9、ur culture forever, is the “meeting“ influence. People no longer need to make firm plans about when and where to meet. Twenty years ago, a Friday night would need to be arranged in advance. You needed enough time to allow everyone to get from their place of work to the first meeting place. Now, howe
10、ver, a night out can be arranged on the run. It is no longer “see you there at 8“, but “text me around 8 and well see where we all are“.Texting changes people as well. In their paper, “Insights into the Social and Psychological Effects of SMS Text Messaging“, two British researchers distinguished be
11、tween two types of mobile phone users: the “talkers“ and the “texters“those who prefer voice to text message and those who prefer text to voice.They found that the mobile phones individuality and privacy gave texters the ability to express a whole new outer personality. Texters were likely to report
12、 that their family would be surprised if they were to read their texts. This suggests that texting allowed texters to present a self-image that differed from the one familiar to those who knew them well.Another scientist wrote of the changes that mobiles have brought to body language. There are two
13、kinds that people use while speaking on the phone. There is the “speakeasy“: the head is held high, in a self-confident way, chatting away. And there is the “spacemaker“: these people focus on themselves and keep out other people.Who can blame them? Phone meetings get cancelled or reformed and camer
14、a-phones intrude on peoples privacy. So, it is understandable if your mobile makes you nervous. But perhaps you neednt worry so much. After all, it is good to talk.（分数：7.00）(1).If you call my fixed-line phone, you always get me.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).When arranging a night out, pe
15、ople may text each other.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).As to mobile phone users there are more “talkers“ than “texters“.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).Through a persons texts, we can tell what personality he really has.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).When a “spacemak
16、er“ is using the mobile phone, he tries to avoid other people.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).In spite of all the problems, mobile phones still bring to us lots of conveniences.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).This passage is from a science magazine.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not me
17、ntioned三、第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：2，分数：8.00) A. Drying Fruit in the Traditional Way. B. Food Drying Histrory. C. Water in Food. D. Drying of Liquid Food. E. Advantages of Dry Food. F. Mechanical Food Dehydration.（分数：4.00）(1).Paragraph 2 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4 1（
18、分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ A. speed up dehydration B. flakes C. powder D. controlled E. increased F. sun-dried（分数：4.00）(1).After dehydration, the activity of the bacteria which causes food to go bad is 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).In some places of the world, fruit is usually 1.（分数：1.
19、00）填空项 1:_(3).Plums are dipped in an solution in order to 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).After the first step of drying liquid food, it becomes 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)CaliforniaA Land of Variety and ContrastCalifornia is a land of variety and contrast. Almost every
20、type of physical land feature, sort of arctic ice fields and tropical jungles can be found within its borders. Sharply contrasting types of land often lie very close to one another. People living in Bakersfield, for instance, can visit the Pacific Ocean and the coastal plain, the fertile San Joaquin
21、 Valley, the arid Mojave Desert, and the high Sierra Nevada, all within a radius of about 100 miles. In other areas it is possible to go snow skiing in the morning and surfing in the evening of the same day, without having to travel long distance.Contrast abounds in California. The highest point in
22、the United States (outside Alaska ) is in California, and so is the lowest point (including Alaska). Mount Whitney, 14,494 feet above sea level, is separated from Death Valley, 282 feet below sea level, by a distance of only 00 miles. The two areas have a difference in altitude of almost three miles
23、.California has deep, clear mountain lakes like Lake Tahoe, the deepest in the country, but it also has shallow, salty desert lakes. It has Lake Tulainyo, 12,020 feet above sea level, and the lowest lake in the country, the Salton Sea, 236 feet below sea level. Some of its lakes, like Owens Lake in
24、Death Valley, are not lakes at all: they are dried up lake beds.In addition to mountains, lakes, valleys, deserts, and plateaus, California has its Pacific coastline, stretching longer than the coastlines of Oregon and Washington combined.（分数：15.00）(1).Which of the following is the lowest point in t
25、he United States?（分数：3.00）A.Lake Tulainyo.B.Mojave desert.C.Death Valley.D.The Salton Se(2).Where is the highest point in the United States located?（分数：3.00）A.Lake Tahoe.B.Sierra Nevada.C.Mount Whitney.D.Alask(3).How far away is Death Valley from Mount Whitney?（分数：3.00）A.About 3 miles,B.Only 100 mil
26、es.C.282 feet.D.14,494 feet.(4).Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as being within a radius of about 100 miles of Bakersfield?（分数：3.00）A.The Pacific Ocean.B.San Joaquin Valley.C.Mojave Desert.D.Oregon and Washington.(5).Which statement best demonstrates that California is a land
27、of variety and contrast?（分数：3.00）A.The highest lake in California is Lake Tulainyo.B.It is possible to go surfing and snow skiing in some parts of California without having to travel long distance.C.Sierra Nevada, San Joaquin Valley, Mojave Desert and the Pacific Ocean all lie within a radius of abo
28、ut 100 miles.D.Owens Lake, in Death Valley, is not really a lake at all.六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)The Development of American Postal SystemIn the early days of the United States, postal charges were paid by the recipient and charges varied with the distance carried. In 1825, the United States Congress pe
29、rmitted local postmasters to give letters to mail carriers for home delivery, but these carriers received no government salary and their entire compensation depended on what they were paid by the recipients of individual letters. In 1847, the United States Post Office Department adopted the idea of
30、a postage stamp, which of course simplified the payment for postal service but caused grumbling by those who did not like to prepay. Besides, the stamp covered only delivery to the post office and did not include carrying it to a private address. In Philadelphia, for example, with a population of 15
31、0,000, people still had to go to the post office to get their mail. The confusion and congestion of individual citizens looking for their letters was itself enough to discourage use of the mail. It is no wonder that, during the years of these cumbersome arrangements, private letter-carrying and expr
32、ess businesses developed. Although their activities were only semi legal, they thrived and actually advertised that between Boston and Philadelphia they were half-day speedier than the government mail. The government postal service lost volume to private competition and was not able to handle effici
33、ently even the business it had. Finally, in 1863, Congress provided that the mail carriers who delivered the mail from the post offices to private addresses should receive a government salary, and that there should be no extra charge for that delivery. But this delivery service was at first confined
34、 to cities, and free home delivery became a sign of urbanization. In 1890, of the 75 million people in the United States, fewer than 20 million had mail delivered free to their doors. The rest, nearly three quarters of the population, still received no mail unless they went to their post office.（分数：
35、15.00）(1).What is the main idea of the passage?（分数：3.00）A.The development of a government postal system.B.The increasing use of private mail services.C.The history of postal stamps.D.The comparison of urban and rural postal services.(2).Which of the following was a disadvantage of the postage stamp?
36、（分数：3.00）A.It had to be purchased by the sender in advance.B.It increased the cost of mail delivery.C.It was difficult to be pasted on letters.D.It was of poor quality.(3).What does the word “cumbersome“ mean?（分数：3.00）A.convenientB.efficientC.awkwardD.stupid(4).Which of the following is an advantage
37、 the private postal services had over the government postal system?（分数：3.00）A.Delivering mail more cheaply.B.Delivering mail faster.C.Delivering mail to rural areas.D.Delivering more mails.(5).Which of the following statements about free home delivery in the United States of the late 19th century is
38、 not true?（分数：3.00）A.Mail carriers got paid by recipients.B.Mail carriers got paid by government.C.Most people still went to post office to get mails.D.Only people living in big cities could have the servic七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Karen Rusa was a 30-year-old woman and the mother of four children. For t
39、he past several months Karen had been experiencing repetitive thoughts that centered around her childrens safety. She frequently found herself imagining that a serious accident had occurred; she was unable to put these thoughts out of her mind. On one such occasion she imagined that her son, Alan, h
40、ad broken his leg playing football at school. There was no reason to believe that an accident had occurred, but she kept thinking about the possibility until she finally called the school to see if Alan was all right. Even after receiving their assurance that he had not been hurt, she described hers
41、elf as being some- what surprised when he later arrived home unharmed. Karen also noted that her daily routine was seriously hampered by an extensive series of counting work that she performed throughout each day. Specific numbers come to have a special meaning to her; she found that her preoccupati
42、on with these numbers was interfering with her ability to perform everyday activities. One example was grocery shopping. Karen believed that if she selected the first item, some dreadful thing would happen to her first child, if she selected the second item, some unknown disaster wonld fall on her s
43、econol child, and so on for the four children. Karens preoccupation with numbers extended to other activities, most notable the pattern in which she smoked cigarettes and drank coffee. If she had one cigarette, she believed that she had to smoke at least four in a row or one of her children would be
44、 harmed in some way. If she drank one cup of coffee, she felt compelled to drink four. Karen acknowledged the unreasonableness of these rules, but, nevertheless, maintained that she felt more comfortable, when she observed them earnestly. When she was occasionally in too great a hurry to observe the
45、se rules, she experienced considerable anxiety in the form of a subjective feeling of dread and fear. She de- scribed herself as tense, uneasy and unable to relax during these periods.（分数：15.00）(1).Which of the following solutions could most probably cure Karen of the illness?（分数：3.00）A.Her children
46、 were all right.B.She stopped counting numbers.C.She consulted a psychoanalyst.D.She quit smokin(2).Which of the following inferences is most probably true according to the passage?（分数：3.00）A.When Karen was in a great hurry to smoke, she would feel much anxiety.B.If she selected the fourth item on t
47、he shelf in a group, the fourth child must experience some unknown disaster.C.Drinking four cups of coffee would make Karen more comfortable than drinking two cups.D.Karen was a mother of four sons.(3).The author used the example of the grocery shopping to _.（分数：3.00）A.demonstrates her childrens saf
48、ety was closely related to the item she selected in the store.B.account for Karens inability to perform everyday activities.C.show how specific numbers were related to the safety of her children.D.further explains that Karen was suffering from a psychological illness.(4).What does the word “preoccup
49、ation“ mean?（分数：3.00）A.loveB.hobbyC.hateD.obsession(5).The main idea of the passage is to _.（分数：3.00）A.describe a woman who suffered from a psychological disease.B.warn the readers against any imagination.C.explain the reason why Karen had such fanciful thoughts.D.present a case for the readers to study.八、第 5部分：补全短文(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Some doctors think that you shou
