1、职称英语理工类 B 级-17 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.There is always excitement at the Olympic Games when an athlete breaks a previous record of performance. A. beats B. matches C. maintains D. announces（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.It is said that the houses along this street will soon be
2、 demolished. A. pulled down B. rebuilt C. renovated D. whitewashed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.Practically all species of animals communicate either through sounds or through a large repertory of soundless codes. A. Simultaneously B. Almost C. Absolutely D. Basically（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.I rarely wear a raincoat
3、 because I spend most of my time in a car. A. normally B. seldom C. continuously D. usually（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.When doves are about two weeks old, they are covered with grey feathers and are ready to try their wings. A. grow B. wrap C. hide D. test（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.We were astonished to hear that th
4、eir football team had won the champion. A. amazed B. amounted C. amused D. approached（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.A small number of firms have stopped trading. A. hotels B. shops C. restaurants D. companies（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.I catch cold now and then. A. always B. occasionally C. constantly D. regularly（分数：1.
5、00）A.B.C.D.9.Many fine cooks insist on ingredients of the highest quality. A. demand B. rely on C. prepare for D. create（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.Have you talked to her lately? A. lastly B. finally C. shortly D. recently（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.Since the Great Depression, the United States government has prote
6、cted farmers from damaging drops in grain prices. A. slight B. surprising C. sudden D. harmful（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.Sulphur has occasionally been found in the earth in an almost pure state. A. regularly B. accidentally C. sometimes D. successfully（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.Medicine depends on other fields fo
7、r basic information, particularly some of their specialized branches. A. conventionally B. obviously C. especially D. inevitably（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.He often finds fault with my work. A. criticizes B. praises C. evaluates D. talks about（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.In order to survive man needs to consume food
8、 and water. A. work B. play C. live D. walk（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Some Sleep Drugs Do More Than Make You SleepThe United States Food and Drug Administration(美国食品药品管理局) has ordered companies to place strong new warnings on thirteen drugs that treat sleep disorders, It also order
9、ed the makers of the sleeping pills to provide information for patients explaining how to safely use the drugs.Last Wednesday, the FDA announced that some of these drugs can have unexpected and dangerous effects. These include the risk of life-threatening allergic (过敏性的) reactions. They also include
10、 rare incidents of strange behavior. These include people cooking food, eating and even driving while asleep. The patients later had no memory of doing these activities while asleep.Last year, a member of the United States Congress said he had a sleep-driving incident. Patrick Kennedy, a representat
11、ive from Rhode Island, crashed his car into a security barrier near the building where lawmakers meet. The accident happened in the middle of the night and no one was hurt. Mr. Kennedy said he had earlier taken a sleep medicine. He said he was also being treated with a stomach sickness drug that can
12、 cause sleepiness.The Food and Drug Administration did not say in its announcement how many cases of sleep-driving it has documented. However, the New York Times reported last year about people who said they had strange sleep events after taking the drug Ambien. Some reported sleep-driving and sleep
13、-walking. Others said they found evidence after waking in the morning that they had cooked food or eaten in their sleep. But they had no memory of carrying out the activities.A Food and Drug Administration official says that these serious side effects of sleep disorder drugs appear to be rare. But,
14、he also said there are probably more cases than are reported. He said the agency believes the risk of such behaviors could be reduced if people take the drugs as directed and do not drink alcohol while taking the drugs. The Food and Drug Administration has advised drug companies to carry out studies
15、 to investigate the problem.（分数：7.00）(1).There are altogether 13 drugs treating sleep disorders in the United States.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).FDA considers it the producers duty to warn the users of sleeping pills about the serious side effects and to tell them how to use safely.（分数
16、：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).An allergic reaction to sleeping pills may sometimes cause a user to die.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).A stomach sickness drug alone caused Patrick Kennedy to crash his car into a security barrier.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).FDA based
17、its order upon a wide investigation of sleep-driving.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).Sleep-walking is also one of the serious side effects induced by taking sleeping pills.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).The appearance of one or another side effect after taking some sleeping pill
18、 is unavoidable.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：2，分数：8.00) A. Formation of iceberg B. Iceberg is beautiful C. Color of iceberg D. Iceberg is dangerous E. Iceberg is mysterious F. Classification of iceberg（分数：4.00）(1).Paragraph 1 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 2 1（分数：1.00
19、）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 3 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 4 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ A. larger than the party above the water B. stay near the iceberg C. melt away just as unnoticed D. larger crystals E. stay away from iceberg F. above the water（分数：4.00）(1).Icebergs exist only a short time and then slowly 1.（
20、分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Even in clear weather one is wise to 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).The underwater part of an iceberg is 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).With time and pressure from above, the many small ice gains joined and changed to 1. and eventually the deeper crystals merged into a solid mass of ice.（分数：1.00）填空
21、项 1:_四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)U.S. to Start $ 3.2 Billion Child Health Study in JanuaryA study that will cost $ 3.2 billion and last more than two decades to track the health of 100,000 U. S. children from before birth to age 21 will be launched in January, U. S. health offic
22、ials said on Friday.Officials from the U. S. governments National Institutes of Health said they hope the study, to be conducted at 105 locations throughout the United States, can help identify early-life influences that affect later development, with the goal of learning new ways to treat or preven
23、t illness.The study will examine hereditary(遗传的) and environmental factors such as exposure to certain chemicals that affect health.Researchers will collect genetic and biological samples from people in the study as well as samples from the homes of the women and their babies including air, water, d
24、ust and materials used to construct their residences, the NIH said.Officials said more than $ 200 million has been spent already and the study is projected to cost $3.2 billion.“We anticipat that in the long term(从长远来说), what we learn from the study will result in a significant savings in the nation
25、s health care costs,“ Dr. Duane Alexander, who heads the NIHs Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, told reporters.The study will begin in January. when the University of North Carolina and the Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York start signing up(使报名
26、从事) pregnant women whose babies will then be followed to age 21.Some of the early findings will be about factors behind pre-term birth(早产), which has become more common in recent years, according to Dr. Peter Scheidt of the NIH, who heads the study.The people taking part will be from rural, urban an
27、d suburban areas, from all income and educational levels and from all racial groups, the NIH said.（分数：15.00）(1).The aim of the study is to find new ways to _.（分数：3.00）A.conduct researchB.track public healthC.prevent or treat illnessD.speed up development(2).Researchers will collect all the following
28、 EXCEPT _.（分数：3.00）A.genetic samples from people in the studyB.biological samples from people in the studyC.samples from the homes of the women and their babiesD.samples of air and water from hospitals(3).It is expected that through the study the nations health care costs _.（分数：3.00）A.will be lowere
29、d in the long runB.will be significantly increasedC.will be more than $200 millionD.will reach $3.2 billion(4).The babies of the participants will be followed _.（分数：3.00）A.throughout their livesB.for more than two decadesC.from birth to 21 monthsD.until they get married(5).Which is NOT true of the p
30、eople in the study?（分数：3.00）A.Theyll be from various areas.B.Theyll be from all income levels.C.Theyll be from all educational levels.D.Theyll ba from age groups六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Across the English ChannelTo swim across the English Channel takes at least nine hours. Its a hard work and it makes y
31、ou short of breath. To fly over the Channel takes only twenty minutes (as only as youre not held up at the airport), but its an expensive way to travel. You can travel by hovercraft if you dont mind the noise, and that takes forty minutes. Otherwise you can go by boat, if you dreams of being able to
32、 drive to France in his own car. “Not possible“, you say. Well wait a minute. People are once again considering the idea of a Channel tunnel or bridge.This time, the Greater London Council is looking into the possibility of building a Channel link straight to London. A bridge would cost far more tha
33、n a tunnel, but you would be able to go by rail or by car on a bridge, whereas a tunnel would provide a rail link only.Why is this idea being discussed again? Is Britain becoming more conscious of the need for links with Europe as a result of joining the EEC (欧共体)? Well, perhaps. The main reason, th
34、ough, is that a tunnel or bridge would reach the twenty square kilometers of Londons disused dockland(船坞地). A link from London to the continent would stimulate trade and re-vitalize(使重新具有活力)the port, and would make London a main trading center in Europe. With a link over the Channel, you could buy y
35、our fish and chips in England and be able to eat them in France while they were still warm!（分数：15.00）(1).Which of the following statements is TRUE?（分数：3.00）A.Swimming across the Channel takes less than four hours.B.The idea of a Channel tunnel or bridge is a very new one.C.It is considered to be mor
36、e difficult to swim across the channel than any other means.D.A tunnel or bridge would only reach as far as the coast.(2).A tunnel would be _.（分数：3.00）A.less expensive to be built than a bridgeB.more expensive to be built than a bridgeC.less expensive to be built than a railD.more expensive to be bu
37、ilt than a rail(3).If they built a Channel tunnel, you would _.（分数：3.00）A.neither take a train nor go by carB.either take a train or go by carC.only take a trainD.only take a bus(4).It can be concluded that many of Londons dockyards are _.（分数：3.00）A.not usedB.fully usedC.seriously blockedD.opened ag
38、ain(5).Channel link would _.（分数：3.00）A.allow us to by fish and chips in FranceB.make the journey from Europe to England dangerous but easier and fasterC.decrease more trade for Londons dockyardsD.make London more prosperous again七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Computer Needs EmotionThe next big breakthrough in
39、 artificial intelligence could come from giving machines not just more logical capacity, but emotional capacity as well.Feeling arent usually associated with inanimate(无生命的) machines, but Posalind Picard, a professor of computer technology at MIT, believes emotion may be just the thing computes need
40、 to work effectively. Computers need artificial emotion both to understand their human users better and to achieve self-analysis and self-improvement, says Picard.“If we want computers to be genuinely intelligent, to adapt to us, and to interact naturally with us, then they will need the ability to
41、recognize and express emotions, to have emotions, and to have what has come to be called emotional intelligence,“ Picard says.One way that emotions can help computers, she suggests, is by helping keep them from crashing. Todays computers produce error messages, but they do not have a “gut feeling“ o
42、f knowing when something is wrong or doesnt make sense. A healthy fear of death could motivate a computer to stop trouble as soon as it stars. On the other hand, self-preservation would need to be subordinate to service to humans. It was fear of its own death that promoted RAL, the fictional compute
43、r in the film 2002: A Space Odyssey, to extermine (消灭) most of its human associates.Similarly, computers that could “read“ their users would accumulate a store of highly personal information about usnot just what we said and did, but what we likely thought and felt.“Emotion not only contribute to a
44、richer quality of interaction, but they directly impact a persons ability to interact in an intelligent way,“ Picard says. “Emotional skills, especially the ability to recognize and express emotions, are essential for natural communication with humans./（分数：15.00）(1).According to Picard, emotion inte
45、lligence is necessary to computers because _.（分数：3.00）A.it can make computers analyze the information more efficientlyB.it can help to eliminate the computrs innate problemsC.it can improve the mechanic capacity of computersD.it can make computers achieve a better understanding of human users(2).An
46、emotionally intelligent computer is likely to _.（分数：3.00）A.have a successful interaction with human beings by adapting to their needsB.enable human beings to enhance their ability to exprss emotions in daily lifeC.automatically produce correct messagesD.be free from producing meaningless messages in
47、 its operation(3).The phrase “gut feeling“ (Par（分数：3.00）A.4) most probably means _.A. intuitive feelingsB. guilty feelingsC. confusing feelingsD. unpleasant feelings(4).The film 2002 :A Space Odyssey (Par（分数：3.00）A.4) is mentioned to illustrate _.A. a typical case of a fictional computer with emotio
48、nsB. the necessity of bringing computers with emotions under controlC. the possibility that computers with emotion might kill human associatesD. the troubles that might be caused by computers with emotions(5).What does the author think about the computers with emotions?（分数：3.00）A.The author has high
49、 expectation for its potential in the future.B.The author worries that it will threaten the security of human beings.C.The author doubts its capacity to interact with human beings.D.The author believes that it will take the place of human beings in many aspects.八、第 5 部分：补全短文(总题数：1，分数：10.00)VisionHuman visio
