1、职称英语理工类 B 级-16 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Finding a job can be depressing and disappointing, and therefore it is important that you are prepared. A. exploiting B. frustrating C. profiting D. misleading（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.The people in that remote area still live on hum
2、ble means because the economy there is underdeveloped. A. difficult B. modest C. arduous D. domestic（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.The travelers were ready to enjoy the spectacular tidal waves when suddenly a thick fog came up and obscured the whole scene. A. blurred B. belittled C. banned D. collapsed（分数：1.00）
3、A.B.C.D.4.After a days fierce fighting, the enemy finally had to remove their troops from the occupied are a.A. retreatB. returnC. dismissD. withdraw（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.You can turn to different kinds of people, dictionaries or maps, to find out what you wish to know. A. contact B. consult C. refer D
4、. request（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.Poor health and lack of money may both be to educational progress roadblocks. A. restraints B. stains C. scarcities D. barriers（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.Teaching students of threshold level is hard work but the effort is very worthwhile. A. precious B. rewarding C. worth D. chal
5、lenging（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.Unfortunately, the rate of his expenditure surpasses that of his income. A. precedes B. dominates C. exceeds D. prevails（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.The National Safety Council urges drivers and passengers to wear seat belts as a warning against injury. A. caution B. precaution C. se
6、curity D. safety（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.He obviously displays a great appreciation for some of your poems. A. consent B. admiration C. respect D. pleasure（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.The explorer lost his way so he climbed to the top of the hill to determine the place for himself. A. spot B. locate C. place D. s
7、ituate（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.Louis was asked to name the man who stole her purse. A. confirm B. recognize C. claim D. identify（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.I am sure to tell you that theres no danger. A. ensure B. assure C. insure D. secure（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.After the collision, he examined the considerable wre
8、ck to his car. A. ruin B. destruction C. damage D. injury（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.While some office jobs would seem boring to many people, there are quite a few jobs that are stimulating, exciting and satisfying. A. hostile B. tedious C. fantastic D. courageous（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00
9、)The Cold PlacesThe Arctic is a polar region. It surrounds the North Pole.Like Antarctica, the Arctic is a land of ice and snow. Antarctica holds the record for a low temperature reading125 degrees Fahrenheit below zero. Reading of 85 degrees below zero is common in both the Arctic and Antarctica. W
10、inter temperatures average 30 degrees below zero in the Arctic. At the South Pole the winter average is about 73 degrees below zero.One thing alone makes it almost impossible for men to live in Antarctica and in parts of the Arctic. This one thing is the low temperature-the killing chill of far Nort
11、h and the polar South.To survive, men must wear the warmest possible clothing. They must build windproof shelters. They must keep heaters going at all times. Not even for a moment can they be unprotected against the below-zero temperatures.Men have a way of providing for themselves. Polar explorers
12、wrap themselves in warm coats and furs. The cold makes life difficult. But the explorers can stay alive.What about animals? Can they survive? Do we find plants? Do we find life in the Arctic and in Antarctica? Yes, we do. There is life in the oceans. There is life on land.Antarctica, as we have seen
13、, is a cold place indeed. But this has not always been the case. Expedition scientists have discovered that Antarctica has not always been a frozen continent. At one time the weather in Antarctica may have much like our own. Explorers have discovered coal in Antarctica. This leads them to believe th
14、at Antarctica at one time was a land of swamps and forests. Heat and moisture must have kept the trees in the forests alive.（分数：7.00）(1).The lowest temperature that man has ever known was recorded in Antarctic（分数：1.00）A.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned(2).Winter temperatures average 85 degrees below
15、 zero in Antarctic（分数：1.00）A.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned(3).The Arctic and Antarctica are no mans lands because of their notorious coldness.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).Polar explorers can stay alive without heaters and windproof shelters.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).D
16、espite the hostile environment, both animals and plants can be found in the oceans and on land in polar areas.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).As discovered by expedition scientists, Antarctica has not always been so cold as it is today, so has the Arctic.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentio
17、ned(7).At one time, the weather in Antarctica was so warm and damp that trees grew there.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：2，分数：8.00) A. Higher living standard B. Importance of transport in trade C. Various means of transport D. Birth of transport-related industries and tr
18、ade E. Role of information in trade F. Public transportation（分数：4.00）(1).Paragraph 2 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ A. to send goods to various parts of the world B. at any time during the year C. has greatly promo
19、ted trade D. is it possible to produce on a large scale E. the transport of goods F. it is possible to produce on a large scale（分数：4.00）(1).The development of modem means of transport 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Only when goods can be carried to all parts of the world quickly 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Transpo
20、rt has made it possible for people to eat whatever food they want 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).In the trade of modern society the transmission of information plays as important a role as 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)PlagiarizeLast fall Susan Youngwood, a journalism ins
21、tructor at St. Michael College, phoned the offices of Columbia Journalism Review ( CJR) to pose a question. For an exercise in covering speeches, she had asked her students to listen to John F. Kennedys inaugural address and write a story about it. The sixteen students, mostly sophomores, complied w
22、ith the assignment. However, two students, acting independently, took a short cut, plagiarized New York Times account of Kennedys speech, and submitted the Timess words as their own.The students received an F for the course, the maximum penalty the journalism department demands. But Youngwood wanted
23、 more. She wanted examples that told her students why plagiarism was bad, and looked to C JR for guidance. “I was curious about what happens on a professional level,“ she said. “If I am caught plagiarizing, what happens?“Her question was interesting. But the answers, like so many, are not a crisp bl
24、ack or white. Their tones of gray mirror the inconsistency with which society treats dozens of other offenses. To be sure, most writers and editors still regard plagiarism as a journalistic evilthe professions cardinal sin. “This is something you never, never do“, says James Fallows, Washington edit
25、or of The Atlantic Monthly. Every line of work needs clear rules. If you are a soldier, you dont desert. If you are a writer, you dont steal anyones prose. It should be the one automatic firing.But it is not. Punishment is uneven, ranging from severe to virtually nothing even for major offenses. Som
26、e editors will keep a plagiarist on staff or will knowingly hire one if talent outweighs the wrong doing.If convinced Watergate burglar G. Gordon Liddy can become a talk show host with a hand of admiring followers and Richard Nixon can go to his grave a respected elder statesman, its hardly surprisi
27、ng the journalists who commit plagiarism can continue their careers at the same publication or move on to some loftier endeavor.（分数：15.00）(1).What kind of exercises did Susan Youngwood ask her students to do?（分数：3.00）A.Deliver a speechB.Report a speechC.Find Kennedys addressD.Write a story of Kenned
28、ys(2).Two of the students failed the course because they _.（分数：3.00）A.took a short cut without the teachers permissionB.copied a newspaper article and pretended it was their ownC.didnt listen to the presidents inaugural addressD.cited words from the New York Times in their assignments(3).Which of th
29、e following is true according to the passage?（分数：3.00）A.The journalism departments of St. Michael College could have expelled the two students instead of merely giving them anF.B.If a reporter uses other peoples words as her own, she is usually fired automatically.C.Some plagiarists are not fired be
30、cause their editors regard their ability as more important than their offense.D.Rather than receiving the punishment they deserve, some reporters are even promoted because of the plagiarism.(4).Liddy and Nixon are mentioned in the passage probably as an example to show _.（分数：3.00）A.how society punis
31、hes plagiarists in spite of their popularityB.why burglars and cooked politicians can escape punishmentC.why it is hard for the journalist profession to uphold its principleD.how reporters can escape from severe punishment such as being fired(5).with the answer received fro GR to her question, Susan
32、 Youngwood would probably _.（分数：3.00）A.tell her students to make their own judgment professionally and morally in the complicated societyB.be able to make her student understood why the department gave two of their classmates an F for the courseC.convince her students that plagiarism was a major jou
33、rnalistic evilD.be able to show her students why they shouldnt pagiarize六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Therapeutic TouchA nine-year-old schoolgirl single-handedly cooks up a science-fair equipement that ends up debunking a widely practiced medical treatment. Emily Rosas target was a practice known as therapeu
34、tic touch (TT for short), whose advocates manipulate patients “energy field“ to make them feel better and even, say some, to cure them of various ills. Yet Emilys test shows that these energy fields cant be detected, even by trained TT practitioners. Obviously mindful of the publicity value of the s
35、ituation, Journal editor George Lundberg appeared on TV to declare, “Age doesnt matter. Its good science that matters, and this is good science.“Emilys mother Linda Rosa, a registered nurse, has been campaigning against TT for nearly a decade. Linda first thought about TT in the late 80s, when she l
36、earned it was on the approval list for continuing nursing deduction in Colorado. Its 100,000 trained practitioners (48,000 in the US) dont even touch their patients. Instead they waved their hands a few inches from the patients body, pushing energy fields around until they are in “balance“. TT advoc
37、ates say these manipulations can help heal wounds, relative pain and reduce fever. The claims are taken seriously enough that TT therapists are frequently hired by leading hospitals, at up to $ 70 an hour, to smooth patients, energy, sometimes during surgery.Yet Rosa cold not find any evidence that
38、it works. To provide such proof, TT therapists would have to sit down for independent testingsomething they havent been eager to do, even though James Randi has offered more than $1 million to anyone who can demonstrate the existence of a human energy field. (He has had one taker so far. She failed.
39、 ) A skeptic might conclude that TT practitioners are afraid to lay their beliefs on the line. But who could turn down an innocent forth-grader? Says Emily: “I think they didnt take me very seriously because I am a kid.“The experiment was straightforward; 21 TT therapists stuck their hands, palms up
40、, through a screen. Emily held her own hand over one of theirleft or rightand the practitioners had to say which hand it was. When the results were recorded, they had done no better than they would have by simply guessing. If there was an energy field, they wouldnt feel it.（分数：15.00）(1).Which of the
41、 following is evidence that TT is widely practiced?（分数：3.00）A.TT has been in existence for decades.B.Many patients were cured by therapeutic touch.C.TT therapists are often employed by leading hospitals.D.More than 100,000 people are undergoing TT treatment.(2).Very few TT practitioners responded to
42、 the $1 million offer because _.（分数：3.00）A.they-didnt take the offer seriouslyB.they didnt want to risk their careerC.they were unwilling to reveal their secretD.they thought it was not in line with their practice(3).The purpose of Emily Rosas experiment was _.（分数：3.00）A.to see why TT could work the
43、 way it didB.to find out how TT cured patients illnessesC.to test whether she could sense the human energy fieldD.to test whether a human energy field really existed(4).Why did some TT practitioners agree to be the subjects of Emilys experiment?（分数：3.00）A.It involved nothing more than mere guessing.
44、B.They thought it was going to be a lot of fun.C.It was more straightforward than other experiments.D.They sensed no harm in a little girls experiment.(5).What can we learn from the passage?（分数：3.00）A.Some widely accepted beliefs can be deceiving.B.Solid evidence weighs more than pure theories.C.Lit
45、tle children can be as clever as trained TT practitioners.D.The principle of TT is too profound to understan七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Oil and EconomyCould the bad old days of economic decline be about to return? Since OPEC agreed to supply-cuts in March, the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $ 26 a
46、 barrel, up from less than $10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock, when prices quadrupled, and 19791980, when they also almost tripled. Both previous shocks resulted in double-digit inflation and global economic decline. So where are the hea
47、dlines warning of gloom and doom this time?The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports. Strengthening economic growth, at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere, could push the price higher still in the short term.Yet there are good reasons to exp
48、ect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the 1970s. In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the 1970s. In Europe, taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price, so even quite big changes in the price
49、of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were, and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price. Energy conservation, a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption. So
