1、职称英语理工类 B 类-补全短文及答案解析(总分：24.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、补全短文(总题数：12，分数：24.00)1.People have always tried to “type“ each other. Actors in early Greek drama wore masks to show the audience whether they played the villains (坏人) or the heros role. In fact, the words “person“ and “personality“ come from the Latin per
2、sona, meaning“ mask. “Today, most television and movie actors do not wear masks 1. A. Even a skilled writer probably could not describe all the features that make one face different from another. B. Like the human lace, human personality is very complex. C. But we can easily tell the “good guys“ fro
3、m the“ bad guys“ because the two types differ in appearance as well as in actions.E. Bookworms, conservatives, military types-people are described with such terms.F. We also tell people apart by how they behav（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_2.Now its tree that the human body has developed its millions of nerves to
4、be highly aware of what goes on both inside and outside of it. This helps us adjust to the world. Without our nerves and our brain, which is a bundle of nerves-we wouldnt know whats happening. 1 We can feel pain when the slightest thing is wrong with any part of our body. The history of torture is b
5、ased on the human body being open to pain. A. This ability that some humans have developed to handle pain should give us ideas about how the mind can deal with pain. B. The big thing in withstanding pain is our attitude toward it. C. However, many of us cannot stand pain. D. Look at the Indian fakir
6、 (行僧) who sits on a bed of nails. E. We demand the “needle“a shot of novocaine (奴佛卡因, 一种局部麻醉剂)-that deadens the nerves around the tooth. F. But we pay for our sensitivity.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_3.Faces, like fingerprints, are unique. Did you ever wonder how it is possible for as to recognize people? 1 Yet
7、a very young childor even an animal, such as a pigeon-can learn to recognize faces. We all take this ability for granted. A. Even a skilled writer probably could not describe all the features that make one face different from another. B. Like the human face, human personality is very complex. C. But
8、 we can easily tell the“ good guys“ from the“ bad guys“ because the two types differ in appearance as well as in actions.E. Bookworms, conservatives, military types-people are described with such terms.F. We also tell people apart by how they behav（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_4.We can make mistakes at any age. S
9、ome mistakes we make are about money. But most mistakes are about people. “Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen? When I got that great job, did Jim really feel good about it, as a friend? Or did he envy my luck?“ _ When we look back. doubts like these can make us feel bad. But when we lo
10、ok back, its too late. A. Its telling you to think of all the starving people in the world when you havent got a date for Saturday night. B. The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people say to you may save another mistake. C. And if we dont really listen we miss the feeling be
11、hind the words. D. But theres a bit of envy in those words. E. Why do we go wrong about our friendsor our enemies? F. “And Paul-why didnt pick up that he was friendly just because I had a car?“（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_5.There are many words to describe how a person thinks, feels and acts. Gordon all ports, a
12、n American psychologist, found nearly 1 8,000 English words characterizing differences in peoples behavior And many of us use this information as a basis for describing, or typing, his personality. A. Even a skilled writer probably could not describe an the features that make one face different from
13、 another. B. Like the human face, human personality is very complex. C. But we can easily tell the “good guys“ from the “bad guys“ because the two types differ in appearance as well as in actions.E. Bookworms, conservatives, military typespeople are described with such terms.F. We also tell people a
14、part by how they behav（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_6. 1 If the dentist says, “This will hurt a little,“ it helps us to accept the pain. By staying relaxed, and by treating the pain as an interesting sensation(感觉), we can handle the pain without failing apart. After all, although pain is an unpleasant sensation,
15、it is still a sensation, and sensations are the stuff of life. A. This ability that some humans have developed to handle pain should give us ideas about how the mind can deal with pain. B. The big thing in withstanding pain is our attitude toward it. C. However, many of us cannot stand pain. D. Look
16、 at the Indian fakir (行僧) who sits on a bed of nails. E. We demand the “needle“-a shot of novocaine (奴佛卡因, 一种局部麻醉剂)-that deadens the nerves around the tooth. F. But we pay for our sensitivity.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_7._ In the first place, Britain had the money necessary to finance the larger enterprises. E
17、nglands supremacy on the seas had encouraged commerce, and Englishmen had been amassing wealth through there commerce and industry. The newly rich class in that country were not the aristocratic (贵族) group, but merchants and businessmen who were willing to devote themselves to industry and scientifi
18、c agnculture. The wealth of France, on the other hand, was largely in the hands of the nobility, and they were not willing to do the necessary work todevelop industry. A. Great Britain had undertaken very early the manufacturing of inexpensive and more practical products for which there would be eve
19、r-growing demand from the people. B. There was coal in northern France, too, but France was late in tapping; such resources because really everyone depended directly or indirectly on farming for his living. C. On the other hard, France produced articles in the luxmy class. D. This had not been the c
20、ase in France, which was still chiefly an agricultural country with peasants bound to their masters in many ways so they could not easily move to the cities. E. So she was ready for methods that would make it possible to manufacture in large quantities. F. There were several reasons why the Industri
21、al Revolution started in Great Britain rather than in France, the other great powers of the day.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_8.Okinawans (日本冲绳) continue to practice martial arts, ride bicycles, dance, garden, walk, and fish well into their old age, which helps keep them looking and feeling healthy. They have rel
22、axed schedules, which reduces their stress levels. And they pay attention to their spirituality and their inner selves through prayer and meditation. 1. A. Okinawans living in Brazil and eating a typical Brazilian diet rich in red meat have a life expectancy 17 years lower than that of their country
23、men in Okinawa. B. Each of these behaviors is an important piece of the Okinawan formula for health and longevity. C. The Okinawan diet consists mostly of vegetables and whole grains. D. But Okinawans enjoy riches of a different kindthey have the longest lifeexpectancy rate in the world. E. So what
24、is the secret to the Okinawans health and longevity? F. In fact, compared to the United Stales, Okinawas death rate for coronary heart disease is 80% lower.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_9.As a writer I know about winning contests, and about losing them. 1 I also know the pressure of trying to live up to a reputat
25、ion created by previous victories. What if she doesnt win the contest again? Thats the strange thing about being a parent. So many of our own past scars and dashed hopes can surface. A. Yet, despite the competition, my 8-year-old daughter Rebecca wants to spend her leisure time writing short stories
26、. B. I know what it is like to work hard on a story only to receive a rejection slip from the publisher. C. A revelation came last week when I asked her, “Dont you want to win again?“ “No,“ she replied, “I just want to tell the story of an angel going to first grade.“ D. The story about a fearful an
27、gel starting first grade was quickly “guided“ by me into the tale of a little girl with a wild imagination taking her first music lesson. E. All the while I will be reminding myself that children need room to experiment, grow and find their own voices. F. I had turned her contest into my contest wit
28、hout even realizing it.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_10.When people think about environmental activism, they probably dont think about hand lotion and lip-gloss. But The Body Shop, a multi-million dollar cosmetics company, has shown the world how a company can help consumers look good, smell good, and do good at
29、the same time. The Body Shop sells natural products, recycles its packaging, and actively fights to protect the environment. Anita Roddick, The Body Shops founder, opened her tiny cosmetics shop in Brighton, England, in 1976. 1 A. Over the years, Roddick has seen the positive impact that one company
30、s actions can have on the environment. B. But The Body Shop has shown the world how a company can help consumers look good, smell good, and do good at the same time. C. For example, during the Greenpeace“ Save the Whales“ campaign, the company introduced a new product, jojoba oil, which could be use
31、d in place of sperm whale oil. D. Many of The Body Shops customers feel good knowing that the money they spend for a bottle of shampoo or a tube of hand cream might be used for a good cause. E. And recently, the companys head offices and more than one hundred of its stores start using renewable ener
32、gy, such as solar and wind power, to cut down on the production of harmful carbon dioxide. F. At that time she had no idea that it would grow into an enormously successful business and a symbol of social responsibility.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_11.Many people like to visit casinos, bet on horses at the racetr
33、ack, buy lottery tickets, or play cards. For most people, occasion gambling is a safe and entertaining form of recreation. 1 But some people become compulsive gamblers. Compulsive gambling is a form of addiction, similar to alcoholism and drug addiction. Like these other more visible forms of addict
34、ion, compulsive gambling can ruin a persons life, sometimes even driving the gambler to thoughts of suicide. A. Compulsive gamblers generally go through phases of addiction. B. These people gamble infrequently with friends or family members, and decide beforehand how much money they are willing to l
35、ose. C. They become irritable and may begin to lie to friends and family about gambling losses. D. Eventually, however, gamblers begin to bet larger and larger amounts, feeling that they cant lose. E. Once compulsive gamblers have reached the desperation phase, they are not far from hitting rock bot
36、tom. F. Compulsive gamblers really cant stop gambling at this point and are obsessed with winning back the money theyve lost.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_12.Botany, the study of plants, occupies a peculiar position in the history of human knowledge. We dont know what our Stone Age ancestors knew about plants, bu
37、t from what we can observe of reindustrialize societies that still exist, a detailed learning of plants and their properties must be extremely ancient. This is logical. Plants are the basis of the food pyramid for all living things, even for other plants. 1 Tribes living today in the jungle of the A
38、mazon recognize hundreds of plants and know many properties of each. To them botany has no name and is probably not even recognized as a special branch of“ knowledge“ at all. A. Yet few people will fail to recognize a rose, an apple, or an orchid. B. From then on, humans would increasingly take thei
39、r living from a few plants. C. They have always been enormously important to the welfare of people, not only for food, but also for clothing, weapons, tools, dyes, medicines, shelter, and many other purposes. D. Unfortunately, the more industrialized we become the farther away we move from direct co
40、ntact with plants, and the less distinct our knowledge of botany grows. E. The accumulated knowledge of tens of thousands of years of experience would begin to fade away. F. It is logical that a detailed learning of plants and their properties must be extremely ancient.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_职称英语理工类 B 类-补全
41、短文答案解析(总分：24.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、补全短文(总题数：12，分数：24.00)1.People have always tried to “type“ each other. Actors in early Greek drama wore masks to show the audience whether they played the villains (坏人) or the heros role. In fact, the words “person“ and “personality“ come from the Latin persona, meaning“
42、mask. “Today, most television and movie actors do not wear masks 1. A. Even a skilled writer probably could not describe all the features that make one face different from another. B. Like the human lace, human personality is very complex. C. But we can easily tell the “good guys“ from the“ bad guys
43、“ because the two types differ in appearance as well as in actions.E. Bookworms, conservatives, military types-people are described with such terms.F. We also tell people apart by how they behav（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：C）解析：2.Now its tree that the human body has developed its millions of nerves to be
44、highly aware of what goes on both inside and outside of it. This helps us adjust to the world. Without our nerves and our brain, which is a bundle of nerves-we wouldnt know whats happening. 1 We can feel pain when the slightest thing is wrong with any part of our body. The history of torture is base
45、d on the human body being open to pain. A. This ability that some humans have developed to handle pain should give us ideas about how the mind can deal with pain. B. The big thing in withstanding pain is our attitude toward it. C. However, many of us cannot stand pain. D. Look at the Indian fakir (行
46、僧) who sits on a bed of nails. E. We demand the “needle“a shot of novocaine (奴佛卡因, 一种局部麻醉剂)-that deadens the nerves around the tooth. F. But we pay for our sensitivity.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：F）解析：3.Faces, like fingerprints, are unique. Did you ever wonder how it is possible for as to recognize peopl
47、e? 1 Yet a very young childor even an animal, such as a pigeon-can learn to recognize faces. We all take this ability for granted. A. Even a skilled writer probably could not describe all the features that make one face different from another. B. Like the human face, human personality is very comple
48、x. C. But we can easily tell the“ good guys“ from the“ bad guys“ because the two types differ in appearance as well as in actions.E. Bookworms, conservatives, military types-people are described with such terms.F. We also tell people apart by how they behav（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：A）解析：4.We can make mistakes at any age. Some mistakes we make are about money. But most mistakes are about people. “Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen? When I got that great job, did Jim really feel good about it, as a friend
