1、职称英语理工类 B类-完型填空专项突破及答案解析(总分：100.05，做题时间：90 分钟)一、完形填空(总题数：4，分数：100.00)Walk a Quarter-Mile or DieIf you can walk a quarter-mile, odds (可能性) are you have at least six years of life left in you, scientists say. And the faster you can (1) it, the longer you might live.While walking is no guarantee of (2)
2、 or longevity (长寿), a new study found that the ability of elderly people to do the quarter-mile was an “important determinant (决定因素)“ in whether or not theyd be (3) six years later and how much illness and disability they would endure.“The (4) to complete this walk was a powerful predictor of health
3、 outcomes,“ said study leader Anne Newman of the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine. “In fact, we (5) that the people who could not complete the walk were (6) an extremely high risk of later disability and death. “Newman and colleagues recruited nearly 2,700 white and African-American men a
4、nd women aged 70 to 79 to (7) the walk. All the participants were screened and determined to be in relatively (8) health, and they had all said they had previously walked that far with no (9) . Only 86 percent of them finished, (10) .The scientists then monitored the health and mortality of all (11)
5、 for the next six years. “There was a big gap in health outcomes (12) people who could complete the longer walk and people who could not, with the latter being at an extremely high (13) of becoming disabled or dying,“ Newman said. “What was really surprising is that these people were not (14) of how
6、 weak they actually were. “Finishing times were found to be crucial, too. Those who completed the walk but were among the slowest 25 percent (15) three times greater risk of death than the speedier folks.（分数：30.00）(1).Atake Bdo Cjump Drun（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Ahealth Bsafety Cpeace Dfun（分数：2.00）A.B.C
7、.D.(3).Aold Beffective Calike Dalive（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Atask Bstandard Cability Dsubject（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Afound Bdoubted Csuspected Dstudied（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(6).Ain Bat Cof Dwith（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(7).Acompete Blose Ccomplete Dwin（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(8).Agood Bmental Cphysical Dpsychological（分数：2.0
8、0）A.B.C.D.(9).Aquestion Bproblem Canswer Dsolution（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(10).Ahence Bmoreover Chowever Dso（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(11).Aparticipants Bactivists Ccolleagues Dathletes（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(12).Afor Bon Camong Dbetween（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(13).Anumber Bgrade Crisk Dstandard（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(14).Asure Bfree
9、 Cstupid Daware（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(15).Aincreased Bfaced Ccarried Davoided（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.High-Tech Warfare (战争)Today, high-tech warfare is no longer an abstract concept, but a real issue. Technology (1) tactics, sociology, and the development of weaponry (武器). It also causes the changes in battles.
10、Then what are the new characteristics of modern battles (2) by the application of high technologies?High-tech warfare naturally includes high technology. In modern battles, a single kind of weapon can hardly be (3) . Various weaponry, such as intelligence detection and information processing, should
11、 (4) well with each other. Aerial (航空的) weaponry becomes the main force in battles in the sky. Precision homing (精确制导) weaponry like cruise missiles and missiles (5) satellite homing systems becomes the main attack weapons.Battle control systems play a dominant role. Various weapons and logistics (后
12、勤) systems are (6) into a comprehensive framework, centrally representing the modern high-tech weaponry. Depending on various (7) equipment and means in electronic warfare, our army will not be passively beaten. (8) the battlefield, high-tech warfare has created a type of non-linear (非线性的) chaos. Be
13、cause of the use of long-range precision weaponry, the opposite parties in warfare cant “touch“ or “see“ each other, and distance is no longer the decisive factor affecting the (9) of battles. It is hard to clearly define the lines between the frontier and the rear, as well as attack and defense. Th
14、e traditional three-dimensional air-sea battlefield will be (10) by the multi-dimensional battlefield composed of air, sea, magnetic, electrical and information battlefields. No large-scale movements can be conducted (11) .Because modern weaponry systems are closely related to chains of demand and c
15、ommunication and electronic technology, the parties (12) have to pay attention to the usufruct (使用权) and control of electromagnetic frequency spectrum. So electronic warfare becomes (13) important and the necessary guarantee of victory. Whatever (14) warfare goes to and whatever cloak (宽大外衣) it wear
16、s, it always violates peace and brings the world bloodshed (流血). Most people think of high technology as a (15) to enhance their lives, and they dont wish it to be used to destroy lives.（分数：30.00）(1).Auses Badopts Cdetermines Dselects（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).2 Abrought Bprocessed Cstudied Dshared（分数：2.0
17、0）A.B.C.D.(3).Aactive Beffective Cprotective Ddescriptive（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Aplay Bdevelop Cknow Dwork（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Aon Bwith Cunder Dof（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(6).Aconducted Bseparated Cintegrated Dcoded（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(7).Aadvanced Bheavy Ccommon Dstandard（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(8).AIn terms of BIn s
18、pite of CBecause of DRegardless of（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(9).Aaddress Bspace Ccourse Dscene（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(10).Arepeated Breplaced Crejected Drecovered（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(11).Aphysically Bimmensely Cthoroughly Dsecretly（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(12).Ainvolved Binformed Ccollected Dcaught（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(13).Aequa
19、lly Binterestingly Cincreasingly Dpossibly（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(14).Aform Bstage Ceffect Dsource（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(15).Arule Bdirection Ctrack Dway（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.Dark Forces Dominate UniverseThe earth, moon, sun and all visible stars in the sky make up less than one percent of the universe. Almost all
20、the rest is dark matter and dark energy, unknown forces that (1) astronomers.Observations in recent years have changed the basic (2) of how the universe evolved and have indicated how little is known about the major forces and substances that (3) our world.Astronomers now know that luminous (发光的) ma
21、tterstars, planets and hot gasaccounts (4) only about 0.4 percent of the universe. Non-luminous components, such as black holes and intergalactic (星系间的) gas, (5) up 3.6 percent. The rest is either dark matter, about 23 percent, or dark energy, about 73 percent.Dark matter, sometimes (6) “cold dark m
22、atter.“ has been known for some time. Only recently have researchers come to understand the key role it (7) in the formation of stars, planets and even people.“We (8) our very existence to dark matter, “ said physicist Paul Steinhardt and a co-author of a review on dark matter which (9) not long ago
23、 in the journal Science.“Dark matter dominated the structure (10) in the early universe,“ Steinhardt said. “For the first few billion years dark matter contained most of the mass of the universe. You can think of ordinary matter (11) a froth (泡沫) of an ocean of dark matter. The dark matter clumps (结
24、成块) and the ordinary matter falls into it. That (12) to the formation of the stars and galaxies (星系).“Without dark matter, “there would be virtually no structures in the universe. “The nature of dark matter is (13) . It cannot be seen or detected directly. Astronomers know it is there because of its
25、 (14) on celestial (天体的) objects that can be seen and measured.But the most dominating force of all in the universe is called dark energy, a recently (15) power that astronomers say is causing the galaxies in the universe to separate at a faster and faster speed.（分数：25.05）(1).Aworry Bmove Cpuzzle Dr
26、eject（分数：1.67）A.B.C.D.(2).Aunderstanding Bvalue Cpattern Dstructure（分数：1.67）A.B.C.D.(3).Achanged Bdescribed Cdesigned Dshaped（分数：1.67）A.B.C.D.(4).Ain Bfor Cof Dto（分数：1.67）A.B.C.D.(5).Amake Bkeep Cset Dget（分数：1.67）A.B.C.D.(6).Awritten Bcalled Cidentified Dseen（分数：1.67）A.B.C.D.(7).Asigned Bstressed Ca
27、cted Dplayed（分数：1.67）A.B.C.D.(8).Abelieve Bowe Cfeel Dregard（分数：1.67）A.B.C.D.(9).Aappeared Bcarried Cpublished Dcontributed（分数：1.67）A.B.C.D.(10).Aelement Bshape Cformation Dpower（分数：1.67）A.B.C.D.(11).Awith Bas Cfrom Dbeside（分数：1.67）A.B.C.D.(12).Aturned Bworked Cled Dattempted（分数：1.67）A.B.C.D.(13).Au
28、nknown Binteresting Cdifferent Dvisible（分数：1.67）A.B.C.D.(14).Aform Boutcome Ceffect Dsource（分数：1.67）A.B.C.D.(15).Aseized Bproven Ccaught Dgrasped（分数：1.67）A.B.C.D.Unpopular Subjects?Is there a place in todays society for the study of useless subjects in our universities? Just over 100 years ago Fitzg
29、erald argued in a well-written letter (1) Nature that “Universities must be allowed to study useless subjects (2) they dont, who will?“ He went on to use the (3) of Maxwells electrodynamics (电动力学) as one case where a “useless subject“ has been transformed to a useful subject.Nowadays this argument i
30、s again very much (4) in many universities. Indeed one suspects that it is one of those arguments that must be (5) anew (重新) by each generation. But now there is an added twist (歪曲)subjects must not only be useful, they must also be (6) enough that students will flock (蜂拥) to do them, and even flock
31、 to pay to do them.As universities become commercial operations, the pressure to (7) subjects or departments that are less popular will become stronger and stronger. Perhaps this is most strongly (8) at the moment by physics. There has been much (9) in the press of universities that are closing down
32、 physics departments and incorporate them with mathematics or engineering departments.Many scientists think otherwise. They see physics as a (10) science, which must be kept alive if only to (11) a base for other sciences and engineering. It is of their great personal concern that physics teaching a
33、nd research is under (12) in many universities. How can it be preserved in the rush towards commercial competition? Amajor turnaround (转变) in student popularity may have to (13) until the industrial world discovers that it needs physicists and starts paying them well.Physics is now not only unpopula
34、r: it is also “hard“. We can do more about the latter by (14) teaching in our schools and universities. We can also (15) cooperative arrangements to ensure that physicists keep their research and teaching up to date.（分数：15.00）(1).Aabout Bof Cto Don（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Aif Bas Cbecause Dsince（分数：1.00
35、）A.B.C.D.(3).Aquestion Bexample Cdesign Ddevice（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Apowerful Bterrible Cdifficult Dactive（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Afought Bweighted Crespected Dselected（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(6).Aclear Bpopular Cindefinite Davailable（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(7).Achoose Bstrengthen Celiminate Didentify（分数：1.00）A.B.C.
36、D.(8).Arecommended Bopposed Csuspected Dfelt（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(9).Adiscussion Bfancy Cevidence Dinfluence（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(10).Aprecise Bnoble Cnew Dfundamental（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(11).Ainstall Bprovide Creach Dcover（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(12).Aagreement Bconstruction Cthreat Dconsideration（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(1
37、3).Await Bmove Cprogress Dincrease（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(14).Arunning Bimproving Clearning Ddropping（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(15).Afix Bmodify Creview Ddevelop（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.职称英语理工类 B类-完型填空专项突破答案解析(总分：100.05，做题时间：90 分钟)一、完形填空(总题数：4，分数：100.00)Walk a Quarter-Mile or DieIf you can walk a quarter-mile, odds (可能性)
38、are you have at least six years of life left in you, scientists say. And the faster you can (1) it, the longer you might live.While walking is no guarantee of (2) or longevity (长寿), a new study found that the ability of elderly people to do the quarter-mile was an “important determinant (决定因素)“ in w
39、hether or not theyd be (3) six years later and how much illness and disability they would endure.“The (4) to complete this walk was a powerful predictor of health outcomes,“ said study leader Anne Newman of the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine. “In fact, we (5) that the people who could n
40、ot complete the walk were (6) an extremely high risk of later disability and death. “Newman and colleagues recruited nearly 2,700 white and African-American men and women aged 70 to 79 to (7) the walk. All the participants were screened and determined to be in relatively (8) health, and they had all
41、 said they had previously walked that far with no (9) . Only 86 percent of them finished, (10) .The scientists then monitored the health and mortality of all (11) for the next six years. “There was a big gap in health outcomes (12) people who could complete the longer walk and people who could not,
42、with the latter being at an extremely high (13) of becoming disabled or dying,“ Newman said. “What was really surprising is that these people were not (14) of how weak they actually were. “Finishing times were found to be crucial, too. Those who completed the walk but were among the slowest 25 perce
43、nt (15) three times greater risk of death than the speedier folks.（分数：30.00）(1).Atake Bdo Cjump Drun（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：(2).Ahealth Bsafety Cpeace Dfun（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：(3).Aold Beffective Calike Dalive（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：(4).Atask Bstandard Cability Dsubject（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：(5).Afound Bdou
44、bted Csuspected Dstudied（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：(6).Ain Bat Cof Dwith（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：(7).Acompete Blose Ccomplete Dwin（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：(8).Agood Bmental Cphysical Dpsychological（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：(9).Aquestion Bproblem Canswer Dsolution（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：(10).Ahence Bmoreover Chowever Dso（
45、分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：(11).Aparticipants Bactivists Ccolleagues Dathletes（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：(12).Afor Bon Camong Dbetween（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：(13).Anumber Bgrade Crisk Dstandard（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：(14).Asure Bfree Cstupid Daware（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：(15).Aincreased Bfaced Ccarried Davoided（分数：2.00）A
46、.B. C.D.解析：High-Tech Warfare (战争)Today, high-tech warfare is no longer an abstract concept, but a real issue. Technology (1) tactics, sociology, and the development of weaponry (武器). It also causes the changes in battles. Then what are the new characteristics of modern battles (2) by the application
47、 of high technologies?High-tech warfare naturally includes high technology. In modern battles, a single kind of weapon can hardly be (3) . Various weaponry, such as intelligence detection and information processing, should (4) well with each other. Aerial (航空的) weaponry becomes the main force in bat
48、tles in the sky. Precision homing (精确制导) weaponry like cruise missiles and missiles (5) satellite homing systems becomes the main attack weapons.Battle control systems play a dominant role. Various weapons and logistics (后勤) systems are (6) into a comprehensive framework, centrally representing the modern high-tech weaponry. Depending on various (7) equipment and means in electronic warfare, our army will not be passively beaten. (8) the battlefield, high-tech warfare has created a type of non-linear (非线性的) chaos. Because of the use of long-range precision weaponry,
