1、职称英语理工类 A级模拟 88及答案解析(总分：105.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：20.00)1.Although the working mother is very busy she still devotes a lot of time to her children.（分数：1.00）A.dedicatesB.spendsC.offersD.provides2.The food we have is inadequate .（分数：1.00）A.too muchB.too manyC.not enoughD.not short3.We l
2、ived for years in a perpetual state of fear.（分数：1.00）A.emotionalB.nervousC.terribleD.continuous4.We were astonished to hear that their football team had won the champion.（分数：1.00）A.amazedB.amountedC.amusedD.approached5.The old concerns lose importance and some of them vanish altogether.（分数：1.00）A.de
3、velopB.disappearC.linkD.renew6.The secretary is expected to explore ideas for post-war reconstruction of the area.（分数：1.00）A.denyB.investigateC.stressD.create7.The parents always restrain their daughter from swimming in the nearby pool.（分数：1.00）A.allowB.reduceC.preventD.confine8.A local hypnotist (催
4、眠师) offered his services, and Edgar readily accepted.（分数：1.00）A.willinglyB.suddenlyC.quicklyD.firmly9.The fuel tanks had a capacity of 140 liters.（分数：3.00）A.functionB.abilityC.powerD.volume10.He is certain that the dictionary is just what I want.（分数：4.00）A.sureB.angryC.doubtfulD.worried11.My father
5、is a physician .（分数：1.00）A.researcherB.professorC.doctorD.student12.The room is dim and quiet.（分数：1.00）A.tinyB.pleasantC.darkD.agreeable13.As a good student, you have to follow the school rules.（分数：1.00）A.reply toB.apply forC.deal withD.comply with14.We are so tired after one work on this program.（分
6、数：1.00）A.gloomyB.uglyC.sillyD.exhausted15.John has made up his mind not to go to the meeting.（分数：1.00）A.wantedB.promisedC.decidedD.agreed二、第 2部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)The National TrustThe National Trust in Britain plays an increasingly important part in the preservation for public enjoyment of the bes
7、t that is left unspoiled of the British countryside. Although the Trust has received practical and moral support from the Government, it is not a rich Government department. It is a voluntary association of people who care for the unspoiled countryside and historic buildings of Britain. It is charit
8、y which depends for its existence on voluntary support from members of the public. Its primary duty is to protect places of great natural beauty and places of historical interest. The attention of the public was first drawn to the dangers threatening the great old houses and castles of Britain by th
9、e death of Lord Lothian, who left his great seventeenth-century house to the Trust together with the 4,500-acre park and estate surrounding it. This gift attracted wide publicity and started the Trust“s “Country House Scheme“. Under this scheme, with the help of the Government and the general public
10、, the Trust has been able to save and make accessible to the public about one hundred and fifty of these old houses. Last year about one and three quarters of a million people paid to visit these historic houses, usually at a very small charge. In addition to country houses and open spaces the Trust
11、 now owns some examples of ancient wind and water mills, nature reserves, five hundred and forty farms and nearly two thousand five hundred cottages or small village houses, as well as some complete villages. In these villages no one is allowed to build, develop or disturb the old village environmen
12、t in any way and all the houses are maintained in their original sixteenth-century style. Over four hundred thousand acres of coastline, woodland, and hill country are protected by the Trust and no development or disturbances of any kind are permitted. The public has free access to these areas and i
13、s only asked to respect the peace, beauty and wildlife. So it is that over the past eighty years the Trust has become a big and important organization and an essential and respected part of national life, preserving all that is of great natural beauty and of historical significance not only for futu
14、re generations of Britons but also for the millions of tourists who each year invade Britain in search of a great historic and cultural heritage.（分数：7.00）(1).The National Trust is financed by both personal donations and government allocations.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).British people“
15、s dependence on the National Trust to protect places of great natural beauty and places of historical interest has been increasing.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).Lord Lothian was one of the founders of the National Trust.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).The Trust“s “Country House
16、 Scheme“ provides an easy access for the public to 150 old houses or so.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).A project which is to fortify a 16th century old house but keep its original style will not be approved by the National Trust.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).The public may ent
17、er in a wood under the protection of the National Trust without paying any money, but they are not allowed to bring in canned food and beverage.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).The National Trust helps promote tourism in Britain.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，
18、分数：8.00)Earth Angels1. Joying Brescia was 8 years old when she noticed that cigarette butts (烟头) were littering her hometown beach in Isle of Palms, South Carolina. When she learned that it takes five years for the remains of a cigarette to disintegrate, she decided to take action. Joying launched a
19、 “No Butts on the Beach“ campaign. She raised money and awareness about the need to keep the beaches clean. With the help of others, Joying also bought or received donations of gallonsize plastic ice-cream buckets. The buckets were filled with sand, and placed at all public-access areas of the beach
20、. The buckets allowed people to dispose of their cigarettes before hitting the beach. Two years later, Joying says the buckets are full and the beach in nearly free of cigarette debris (残片). 2. People who live in or visit Steamboat Springs, Colorado, have Carter Dunham to thank for a new state wildl
21、ife refuge that preserves 20 acres of marshland and many species of wildlife. Carter and other students wrote a management plan for the area around the Yampa River. The plan was part of a class project when Carter was a freshman at Steamboat Springs High School. Working with the Colorado Division of
22、 Wildlife, Carter and his classmates mapped the area and species of animals living there. They also made decisions about, among other things, where fences and parking areas should be built. 3. Barbara Brown and her friends collect oil. It started as a project for their 4H Club after one of the girls
23、 noticed her father using motor oil to kill weeds on their farm in Victoria, Texas. They did some research and discovered that oil can contaminate ground watera real danger in rural areas, where people live off the water on their land. The girls researched ways to recycle oil and worked with a local
24、 oil-recycling company on the issue. Now, the “Don“t Be Crude“ program runs oil-collection sitestanks that hold up to 460 gallonswhere people in the community can dispose of their oil. 4. Five years ago, 11-year-old Ryan Hreljac was a little boy with a big dream: for all the people in Africa to have
25、 clean drinking water. His dream began in the first grade when he learned that people were dying because they didn“t have clean water, and that as little as $70 could build a well. “We really take water for granted,“ says Ryan, of Kemptville, Ontario, in Canada. “In other countries, you have to plan
26、 for it.“ Ryan earned the first $70 by doing extra chores (零工), but with the help of others, he has since raised hundreds of thousands of dollars. His efforts led to the start of the Ryan“s Well Foundation, which raises money for clean water and health-related services for people in African countrie
27、s and developing countries.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 1 1 A. Provide Clean Water B. Dig Oil Wells C. Save Clean Water D. Don“t Litter E. Don“t Be Crude F. Protect Wildlife（分数：1.00）(2).Paragraph 2 1（分数：1.00）(3).Paragraph 3 1（分数：1.00）(4).Paragraph 4 1（分数：1.00）(5).Joying placed the buckets at all public-ac
28、cess areas to 1. A. make new materials B. preserve wetland and animals C. have clean air D. have clean water E. collect cigarette butts F. collect disposed oil（分数：1.00）(6).People are grateful to Carter Dunham for his efforts to 1.（分数：1.00）(7).Disposed oil and many other items can be reused to 1.（分数：
29、1.00）(8).Ryan, with the help of others, is fulfilling his dream of help African people to 1.（分数：1.00）四、第 4部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)The Northern LightsThe sun is stormy and has its own kind of weather. It is so hot and active that even the Sun“s gravity cannot hold its atmosphere in
30、 check! Energy flows away from the Sun toward the Earth in a stream of electrified particles that move at speeds around a million miles per hour. These particles are called plasma (等离子体), and the stream of plasma coming from the Sun is called the solar wind. The more active the Sun, the stronger the
31、 solar wind. The solar wind constantly streams toward the Earth, but don“t worry because a protective magnetic field surrounds our planet. The same magnetic field that makes your compass point north also steers the particles from the Sun to the north and south poles. The charged particles become tra
32、pped in magnetic belts around the Earth. When a large blast of solar wind crashes into the Earth“s magnetic field, the magnetic field first gets squeezed and then the magnetic field lines break and reconnect. The breaking and reconnecting of the magnetic field lines can cause atomic particles called
33、 electrons trapped in the belts to fall into the Earth“s atmosphere at the poles. As the electrons fall to the Earth, they collide with gas molecules in the atmosphere, creating flashes of light in the sky. Each atmospheric gas glows a different color. Oxygen and nitrogen glows red and green and nit
34、rogen glows violet purple. As these various colors glow and dance in the night sky, they create the Northern Lights and the Southern Lights. Watching auroras (北极光) is fun and exciting, but normally you can only see them in places far north like Alaska and Canada. The movement of the aurora across th
35、e sky is usually slow enough to easily follow with your eyes but they can also pulsate (跳动), flicker (闪烁), or even move like waves. During solar maximum, 5 auroras are seen as far south as Florida, even Mexico! Auroras often seem to be very close to the ground, but the lowest aurora is still about 1
36、00 kilometers above the ground, a distance much higher than clouds are formed or airplanes can fly. A typical aurora band can be thousands of kilometers long, a few hundred kilometers high, but only a few hundred meters thick. We hope you are able to travel to far north places like the Arctic Circle
37、 and see the Northern Lights at least once during your lifetime. We know you will never forget it!（分数：15.00）(1).The solar wind comes into being as a result of _.（分数：3.00）A.disappearance of the Sun“s gravityB.unpredictable weather of the SunC.fast flow of energy away from the SunD.a stream of particl
38、es being blown away(2).What happens when solar wind comes to the Earth?（分数：3.00）A.It is trapped in magnetic belts around the Earth.B.A protective magnetic field is formed at the same time.C.It destroys the protective magnetic field surrounding the Earth.D.It breaks magnetic field lines and does seve
39、re damage to the Earth.(3).The Northern Lights are created when _.（分数：3.00）A.the magnetic field lines fail to reconnectB.the electrons falling to the Earth shine in different colorsC.atomic particles fall to the Earth and collide with atmospheric gas moleculesD.oxygen and nitrogen are separated from
40、 the atmospheric gases(4).Which of the following statements is true of the Northern Lights?（分数：3.00）A.Their movement is slow enough to be observed with the eyes.B.People cannot see them unless traveling to Alaska or Canada.C.They are very close to the ground.D.They are very long and thick.(5).What i
41、s the author“s tone toward the Northern Lights?（分数：3.00）A.Indifferent.B.Sarcastic.C.Sharp.D.Appreciative.六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)“Salty“ Rice Plant Boosts HarvestsBritish scientists are breeding a new generation of rice plants that will be able to grow in soil containing salt water. Their work may enab
42、le abandoned farms to become productive once more. Tim Flowers and Tony Yeo, from Sussex University“s School of Biological Sciences, have spent several years researching how crops, such as rice, could be made to grow in water that has become salty. The pair has recently begun a three-year programme,
43、 funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, to establish which genes enable some plants to survive salty conditions. The aim is to breed this capability into crops, starting with rice. It is estimated that each year more than 10 million hectares (公顷) of agricultural land a
44、re lost because salt gets into the soil and stunts (妨碍生长) plants. The problem is caused by several factors. In the tropics, mangroves (红树木) that create swamps (沼泽) and traditionally formed barriers to sea water have been cut down. In the Mediterranean, a series of droughts have caused the water tabl
45、e to drop, allowing sea water to seep (渗透) in. In Latin America, irrigation often causes problems when water is evaporated (蒸发) by the heat, leaving salt deposits behind. Excess salt then enters the plants and prevents them functioning normally. Heavy concentrations of minerals in the plants stop th
46、em drawing up the water they need to survive. To overcome these problems, Flowers and Yeo decided to breed rice plants that take in very little salt and store what they do absorb in cells that do not affect the plants“ growth. They have started to breed these characteristics into a new rice crop, bu
47、t it will take about eight harvests before the resulting seeds are ready to be considered for commercial use. Once the characteristics for surviving salty soil are known, Flowers and Yeo will try to breed the appropriate genes into all manners of crops and plants. Land that has been abandoned to nat
48、ure will then be able to bloom again, providing much needed food in the poorer countries of the world.（分数：15.00）(1).Which of the following statements about Flowers and Yeo is true?（分数：3.00）A.They are students at Sussex University.B.They are rice breeders.C.They are husband and wife.D.They are collea
49、gues at an institution of higher learning.(2).Flowers and Yeo have started a programme _.（分数：3.00）A.to find ways to prevent water pollutionB.to identify genes that promote growth in salty soilC.to breed rice plants that taste saltyD.to find ways to remove excessive salt from soil(3).Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a cause of the problem discussed in the passage?（分数：3.00）A.Natural barriers to sea water have been destroyed.B.The water table has gone down after droughts.C.Sea level has been continuously rising.D.Evaporation of water leaves salt behind.(4).The word “af
