1、职称英语理工类 A 级模拟 79 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Her life is becoming more diverse .（分数：1.00）A.generousB.humorousC.variedD.romantic2.Beef is an excellent material of iron.（分数：1.00）A.beginningB.storageC.sourceD.substance3.Professor Taylor“s talk has indicated that science h
2、as a very strong influence on the everyday life of non-scientists as well as scientists.（分数：1.00）A.motivationB.perspectiveC.impressionD.impact4.Please give my best wishes to your family.（分数：1.00）A.noticesB.attentionC.regardsD.cares5.The meaning is still obscure .（分数：1.00）A.transparentB.vagueC.alienD
3、.significant6.Dumped waste might contaminate water supplies.（分数：1.00）A.destroyB.decreaseC.polluteD.delay7.What a juicy morsel it is!（分数：1.00）A.tidbitB.savoryC.gossipD.steak8.A long journey in cold weather is dreadfully tiring.（分数：1.00）A.predictablyB.noticeablyC.terriblyD.unfortunately9.The bricklaye
4、r is working on the house.（分数：1.00）A.masonB.electricianC.plumberD.carpenter10.They all think that the prices of personal computers will soon plunge .（分数：1.00）A.sinkB.dipC.leapD.fall11.Fourteen people were charged with offences including obstruction and resisting arrest.（分数：1.00）A.warfareB.violationC
5、.robberyD.racism12.The weather is a constant subject of conversation in Britain.（分数：1.00）A.questionB.problemC.titleD.topic13.This is not typical of English, but is a feature of the Chinese language.（分数：1.00）A.particularB.characteristicC.remarkableD.idiomatic14.Poor health and lack of money may both
6、be to educational progress roadblocks .（分数：1.00）A.restraintsB.stainsC.scarcitiesD.barriers15.The travelers were ready to enjoy the spectacular tidal waves when suddenly a thick fog came up and obscured the whole scene.（分数：1.00）A.blurredB.belittledC.bannedD.collapsed二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)The Co
7、ld PlacesThe Arctic is a polar region. It surrounds the North Pole. Like Antarctica, the Arctic is a land of ice and snow. Antarctica holds the record for a low temperature reading125 degrees Fahrenheit below zero. Reading of 85 degrees below zero is common in both the Arctic and Antarctica. Winter
8、temperatures average 30 degrees below zero in the Arctic. At the South Pole the winter average is about 73 degrees below zero. One thing alone makes it almost impossible for men to live in Antarctica and in parts of the Arctic. This one thing is the low temperaturethe killing chill of far North and
9、the polar South. To survive, men must wear the warmest possible clothing. They must build windproof shelters. They must keep heaters going at all times. Not ever for a moment can they be unprotected against the below-zero temperatures. Men have a way of providing for themselves. Polar explorers wrap
10、 themselves in warm coats and furs. The cold makes life difficult. But the explorers can stay alive. What about animals? Can they survive? Do we find plants? Do we find life in the Arctic and in Antarctica? Yes, we do. There is life in the oceans. There is life on land. Antarctica, as we have seen,
11、is a cold place indeed. But this has not always been the case. Expedition scientists have discovered that Antarctica has not always been a frozen continent. At one time the weather in Antarctica may have much like our own. Explorers have discovered coal in Antarctica. This leads them to believe that
12、 Antarctica at one time was a land of swamps and forests. Heat and moisture must have kept the trees in the forests alive.（分数：7.00）(1).The lowest temperature that man has ever known was recorded in Antarctica.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).Winter temperatures average 85 degrees below zero
13、 in Antarctica.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).The Arctic and Antarctica are no man“s lands because of their notorious coldness.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).Polar explorers can stay alive without heaters and windproof shelters.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).Despite
14、the hostile environment, both animals and plants can be found in the oceans and on land in polar areas.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).As discovered by expedition scientists, Antarctica has not always been so cold as it is today, so has the Arctic.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).
15、At one time, the weather in Antarctica was so warm and damp that trees grew there.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)The iPad1. The iPad is a tablet computer (平板电脑) designed and developed by Apple. It is particularly marketed as a platform for audio and visual med
16、ia such as books, periodicals (期刊), movies, music, and games, as well as web content. At about 1.5 pounds (680 grams), its size and weight are between those of most contemporary smartphones and laptop computers. Apple released the iPad in April 2010, and sold 3 million of the devices in 80 days. 2.
17、The iPad runs the same operating system as iPod Touch and iPhone. It can run its own applications as well as ones developed for iPhone. Without modification, it will only run programs approved by Apple and distributed via its online store. 3. Like iPhone and iPod Touch, the iPad is controlled by a m
18、ultitouch displaya break from most previous tablet computers, which uses a pressure-triggered stylus (触控笔). The iPad uses a Wi-Fi data connection to browse (浏览) the Internet, load and stream media, and install software. Some models also have a 3G wireless data connection which can connect to GSM 3G
19、data networks. The device is managed and synchronized (同步) by iTunes on a personal computer via USB cable. 4. An iPad has different features and applications one can use to execute different and interesting things. There are lots of iPad applications that the owner can use to enhance the way they co
20、mmunicate. Some of these are how to use social networking sites and other online options. One of the most common uses is for e-mail services, iPad applications like Markdown Mail allow the adoption of specific and particular options. They enable the owner to personalize their email accounts. 5. Whil
21、e the iPad is mostly used by consumers it also has been taken up by business users. Some companies are adopting iPads in their business offices by distributing or making available iPads to employees. Examples of uses in the workplace include lawyers responding to clients, medical professionals acces
22、sing health records during patient exams, and managers approving employee requests. A survey by Frost and Sullivan shows that iPad usage in workplaces is linked to the goals of increased employee productivity, reduced paperwork, and increased revenue.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 2 1 A. Business usage B. D
23、ifferences from iPhone C. Operating system D. Online stores E. Features and applications F. Display and data connection（分数：1.00）(2).Paragraph 3 1（分数：1.00）(3).Paragraph 4 1（分数：1.00）(4).Paragraph 5 1（分数：1.00）(5).In April 2010 the iPad developed by Apple was 1. A. browsed B. increased C. released D. mo
24、dified E. distributed F. personalized（分数：1.00）(6).The iPad will only run programs approved by Apple if not 1.（分数：1.00）(7).iPad applications enable the owner“s email accounts to be 1.（分数：1.00）(8).iPad usage in offices enables employee productivity to be 1.（分数：1.00）四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题
25、数：1，分数：15.00)Motoring Technology1.2 million road deaths worldwide occur each year, plus a further 50 million injuries. To reduce car crash rate, much research now is focused on safety and new fuelsthough some electric vehicle and biofuel research aims at going faster. Travelling at speed has always
26、been dangerous. One advanced area of research in motoring safety is the use of digital in-car assistants. They can ensure you don“t miss important road signs or fall asleep. Most crashes result from human and not mechanical faults. Some safety developments aim to improve your vision. Radar can spot
27、obstacles in fog, while other technology “sees through“ big vehicles blocking your view. And improvements to seat belts, pedal(脚踏) controls and tyres are making driving smoother and safer. The colour of a car has been found to be linked with safety, as have, less surprisingly, size and shape. But wh
28、atever is in the fuel tank, you don“t want a thief in the driving seat and there have been many innovations (创新). Satellite tracking and remote communications can also come into play if you crash, automatically calling for help. Accidents cause many traffic jams, but there are more subtle interplays
29、 between vehicles that can cause jams even on a clear but busy road. Such jams can be analyzed using statistical tools. Robotic drivers could be programmed to make traffic flow smoothly and will perhaps one day be everyone“s personal chauffeur (司机), but their latest efforts suggest that won“t be soo
30、n.（分数：15.00）(1).To reduce car crash rate, many scientists are working hard to _.（分数：3.00）A.design fully automatic carsB.develop faster electric vehiclesC.analyze road deaths occurring worldwide each yearD.improve the safety of cars and develop new fuels(2).According to the second paragraph, most roa
31、d accidents happen due to _.（分数：3.00）A.heavy trafficB.human mistakesC.engine failureD.bad weather(3).Which of the following safety developments is NOT mentioned in the passage?（分数：3.00）A.Windscreens that can help drivers to improve their vision.B.Radars that can help drivers to see obstacles in fog.
32、C.Devices that can help drivers to see through big vehicles.D.Improvements in seat belts, pedal controls and tyres.(4).Satellite tracking and remote communication systems can be used to _.（分数：3.00）A.reduce oil consumptionB.remove the obstacles on the roadC.call for help when one“s car crashesD.help
33、drivers get out of a traffic jam(5).Which of the following statements is true of robotic drivers?（分数：3.00）A.It will take some time before robotic drivers are available.B.Robotic drivers are not allowed to drive on busy roads.C.Robotic drivers can never replace human drivers.D.Robotic drivers are too
34、 expensive to use.六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Some People Do Not Taste Salt Like OthersLow-salt foods may be harder for some people to like than others, according to a study by a Penn State College of Agricultural Sciences food scientist. The research indicates that genetic factors influence some of the di
35、fference in the levels of salt we like to eat. Those conclusions are important because recent, well-publicized (大力宣传的) efforts to reduce the salt content in food have left many people struggling to accept food that simply does not taste as good to them as it does to others, pointed out John Hayes, l
36、ead investigator on the study. Diets high in salt can increase the risk of high blood pressure and stroke. That is why public health experts and food companies are working together on ways to help consumers lower salt intake through foods that are enjoyable to eat. This study increases understanding
37、 of salt preference and consumption. The research involved 87 carefully screened participants who sampled salty foods such as soup and chips, on multiple occasions, spread out over weeks. Test subjects were 45 men and 42 women, reportedly healthy, ranging in age from 20 to 40. They rated the intensi
38、ty of taste on a commonly used scientific scale, ranging from barely detectable to strongest sensation of any kind. “Most of us like the taste of salt. However, some individuals eat more salt, both because they like the taste of saltiness more, and because it is needed to block other unpleasant tast
39、es in food,“ said Hayes. “Supertasters, people who experience tastes more in tensely, consume more salt than nontasters. Snack foods have saltiness as their primary flavor, and at least for these foods, more is better, so the supertasters seem to like them more. “ However, supertasters also need hig
40、her levels of salt to block unpleasant bitter tastes in foods such as cheese, Hayes noted. “For example, cheese is a wonderful blend of dairy flavors from fermented (发酵的) milk, but also bitter tastes from ripening that are blocked by salt,“ he said. “A supertaster finds low-salt cheese unpleasant be
41、cause the bitterness is too pronounced.“ Hayes cited research done more than 75 years ago by a chemist named Fox and a geneticist named Blakeslee, showing that individuals differ in their ability to taste certain chemicals. As a result, Hayes explained, we know that a wide range in taste acuity (敏锐)
42、 exists, and this variation is as normal as variations in eye and hair color.（分数：15.00）(1).John Hayes pointed out that _.（分数：3.00）A.food with less salt tastes betterB.many people never eat low-salt foodC.many people make efforts to accept low-salt foodD.it is good to health to eat food without salt(
43、2).The fourth paragraph briefly describes _.（分数：3.00）A.why the number of subjects was limited to 87B.why more male subjects were chosen than female onesC.how salty foods were made and distributed to the subjects in the researchD.how the subjects were selected and what they were asked to do(3).It is
44、true that _.（分数：3.00）A.nontasters like to share salty cheese with supertastersB.supertasters like snack foods more as they contain higher levels of saltinessC.nontasters consume more salt because they like intense tastesD.supertasters like the taste of saltiness to block sweet tastes in food(4).Supe
45、rtasters prefer high-salt cheese because _.（分数：3.00）A.it is good to healthB.it tastes less bitterC.it is rich in nutritionD.it has intense bitter tastes(5).It can be inferred from the last paragraph that taste acuity is _.（分数：3.00）A.genetically determinedB.identified with certain chemicalsC.develope
46、d over time after birthD.related to one“s eye and hair color七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Thirst for OilWorldwide every day, we devour the energy equivalent of about 200 million barrels of oil. Most of the energy on Earth comes from the Sun. In fact enough energy from the Sun hits the planet“s surface each m
47、inute to cover our needs for an entire year, we just need to find an efficient way to use it. So far the energy in oil has been cheaper and easier to get at. But as supplies dwindle, this will change, and we will need to cure our addiction to oil. Burning wood satisfied most energy needs until the s
48、team-driven industrial revolution, when energy-dense coal became the fuel of choice. Coal is still used, mostly in power stations, to cover one quarter of our energy needs, but its use has been declining since we started pumping up oil. Coal is the least efficient, unhealthiest and most environmenta
49、lly damaging fossil fuel, but could make a comeback, as supplies are still plentiful: its reserves are five times larger than oil“s. Today petroleum, a mineral oil obtained from below the surface of the Earth and used to produce petrol, diesel oil and various other chemical substances, provides around 40% of the world“s energy needs, mostly fuelling automobiles. The US consumes a quarter of all oil, and generates a similar proportion of greenhouse gas emissions. The majority of oil comes from the Middle East, which has half of known reserves. But oth
