1、职称英语理工类 A级-59 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.We must harness the skill and creativity of our workforce.（分数：1.00）A.convertB.storeC.utilizeD.receive2.If the symptoms persist , consult your doctor.（分数：1.00）A.insistB.persevereC.continueD.resist3.This model embodies many new fe
2、atures.（分数：1.00）A.consists ofB.includesC.makes upD.marks4.Many diseases can be cured by orthodox medical treatment.（分数：1.00）A.acceptableB.conservativeC.westernD.conventional5.The result was a sensational 4:1 victory.（分数：1.00）A.sexyB.surprisingC.exceptionalD.thrilling6.“That“s outrageous !“ he protes
3、ted.（分数：1.00）A.unheard ofB.unacceptableC.unbelievableD.ridiculous7.They postulated a 500-year lifespan for a plastic container.（分数：1.00）A.challengedB.assumedC.deductedD.decreed8.Only those over 70 are eligible for the special payment.（分数：1.00）A.encouragedB.enforcedC.expectedD.entitled9.My legs tremb
4、led with fear.（分数：1.00）A.weptB.criedC.quiveredD.ran10.She tried to make up for her shabby treatment of him.（分数：1.00）A.unforgettableB.shoddyC.unbelievableD.unthinkable11.She is very ingenious when it comes to finding excuses.（分数：1.00）A.effectiveB.cleverC.implausibleD.original12.Take vigorous exercise
5、 for several hours a week.（分数：1.00）A.hot-temperedB.energeticC.friendlyD.patient13.One of the biggest reasons is that the cultural bias is changing.（分数：1.00）A.adherenceB.emphasisC.prejudiceD.effect14.The agreement was terminated immediately.（分数：1.00）A.resumedB.put an end toC.suspendedD.re-scheduled15
6、.Lack of money will have an adverse effect on our research programme.（分数：1.00）A.delayedB.quickC.positiveD.unfavorable二、第 2部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Plants in DesertOnly special plants can survive the terrible climate of a desert, for these are regions where the annual range of the soil temperature can b
7、e over 75. Furthermore, during the summer there are few clouds in the sky to protect plants from the sun“s ray. Another problem is the fact that there are frequently strong winds that drive small, sharp particles of sand into the plants, tearing and damaging them. The most difficult problem for all
8、forms of plant life, however, is the fact that the entire annual rainfall occurs during a few days or weeks in spring. Grasses and flowers in desert survive from one year to the next by existing through the long, hot, dry season in the form of seeds. These seeds remain inactive unless the right amou
9、nt of rain falls. If no rain falls, or if insufficient rain falls, they wait until the next year, or even still the next. Another factor that helps these plants to survive is the fact that their life cycles are short. By the time the water from the spring rains disappearsjust a few weeks after it fa
10、llssuch plants no longer need any. The perennials (多年生植物) have special features that enable them to survive as plants for several years. Thus, nearly all desert perennials have extensive root systems below ground and a small shoot system above ground. The large root network enables the plant to abso
11、rb as much water as possible in short time. The small shoot system, on the other hand, considerably limits water loss by evaporation (蒸发). Another feature of many perennials is that after the rainy season they lose their leaves in preparation for the long, dry season, just as trees in wetter climate
12、s lose theirs in preparation for the winter. This reduces their water loss by evaporation during the dry season. Then, in next rainy season, they come fully alive once more, and grow new branches, leaves and flowers, just as the grasses and flowers in desert do.（分数：7.00）(1).Ordinary plants are unabl
13、e to survive in the desert mainly because of the changeable weather.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).Grasses and flowers in desert are able to survive because they stay in the form of seeds to wait for the right amount of water to come.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).Grasses and f
14、lowers in the desert whose life cycles are short show their ability to adapt to the quick disappearance of rainwater there after it falls in spring.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).Winter is the toughest season for the grasses and flowers to survive.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5)
15、.The shoot system of perennials can help the plants absorb less of the sun“s ray.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).The theme of the second last paragraph is why the perennials can survive as plants for several years.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).Desert perennials lose their leave
16、s after the rainy season just as trees in wetter climates lose theirs because winter arrives, but the reasons for this feature are different.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Earth Angels1 Joying Brescia was 8 years old when she noticed that cigarette butts (烟头) w
17、ere littering her hometown beach in Isle of Palms, South Carolina. When she learned that it takes five years for the remains of a cigarette to disintegrate (解体), she decided to take action. Joying launched a “No Butts on the Beach“ campaign. She raised money and awareness about the need to keep the
18、beaches clean. With the help of others, Joying also bought or received donations of gallon-size plastic ice-cream buckets. The buckets were filled with sand, and placed at all public-access areas of the beach. The buckets allowed people to dispose of their cigarettes before hitting the beach. Two ye
19、ars later, Joying says the buckets are full and the beach is nearly free of cigarette debris (残片). 2 People who live in or visit Steamboat Springs, Colorado, have Carter Dunham to thank for a new state wildlife refuge that preserves 20 acres of marshland and many species of wildlife. Carter and othe
20、r students wrote a management plan for the area around the Yampa River. The plan was part of a class project when Carter was a freshman at Steamboat Springs High School. Working with the Colorado Division of Wildlife, Carter and his classmates mapped the area and species of animals living there. The
21、y also made decisions about, among other things, where fences and parking areas should be built. 3 Barbara Brown and her friends collect oil. It started as a project for their 4H Club after one of the girls noticed her father using motor oil to kill weeds on their farm in Victoria, Texas. They did s
22、ome research and discovered that oil can contaminate ground watera real danger, in rural areas, where people live off the water on their land. The girls researched ways to recycle oil and worked with a local oil-recycling company on the issue. Now, the “Don“t Be Crude“ program runs oil-collection si
23、testanks that hold up to 460 gallonswhere people in the community can dispose of their oil. 4 Five years ago, 11-year-old Ryan Hreljac was a little boy with a big dream for all the people in Africa to have clean drinking water. His dream began in the first grade when he learned that people were dyin
24、g because they didn“t have clean water, and that as little as $70 could build a well. “We really take water for granted,“ says Ryan, of Kemptville, Ontario, in Canada. “In other countries, you have to plan for it.“ Ryan earned the first $70 by doing extra chores (零工), but with the help of others, he
25、 has since raised hundreds of thousands of dollars. His efforts led to the start of the Ryan“s Well Foundation, which raises money for clean water and health-related services for people in African countries and developing countries.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 1 1 A. Provide Clean Water B. Dig Oil Wells C
26、. Save Clean Water D. Don“t Litter E. Don“t Be Crude F. Protect Wildlife（分数：1.00）(2).Paragraph 2 1（分数：1.00）(3).Paragraph 3 1（分数：1.00）(4).Paragraph 4 1（分数：1.00）(5).Joying placed the buckets at all public-access areas to 1. A. make new materials B. preserve wetland and animals C. have clean air D. hav
27、e clean water E. collect cigarette butts F. collect disposed oil（分数：1.00）(6).People are grateful to Carter Dunham for his efforts to 1.（分数：1.00）(7).Disposed oil and many other items can be reused to 1.（分数：1.00）(8).Ryan, with the help of others, is fulfilling his dream of helping African people to 1.
28、（分数：1.00）四、第 4部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Renewable Energy SourcesToday petroleum provides around 40% of the world“s energy needs, mostly fuelling automobiles. Coal is still used, mostly in power stations, to cover one-quarter of our energy needs, but it is the least efficient, unheal
29、thiest and most environmentally damaging fossil fuel. Natural gas reserves could plug (填补) some of the gap from oil, but reserves of that will not last into the 22nd century either. Most experts predict we will exhaust easily accessible reserves within 50 years. We could fast reach an energy crisis.
30、 We need to rapidly develop sustainable solutions to fuel our future. Less-polluting renewable energy sources offer a more practical long-term energy solution. They may benefit the world“s poor too. “Renewable“ refers to the fact that these resources are not used faster than they can be replaced. Th
31、e Chinese and Romans used watermills over 2,000 years ago. But the first hydroelectric dam was built in England in 1870. Hydroelectric power is now the most common form of renewable energy, supplying around 20% of world electricity. China“s Three Gorges Dam, which has just been completed, is the lar
32、gest ever. At five times the size of the US“s Hoover Dam, its 26 turbines (涡轮机) will generate the equivalent energy of 18 coal-fired power stations. It will satisfy 3% of China“s entire electricity demand. In 2003, the first commercial power station to harness tidal currents in the open sea opened i
33、n Norway. It is designed like windmill, but others take the form of turbines. As prices fall, wind power has become the fastest growing type of electricity generationquadrupling worldwide between 1999 and 2005. Modem wind farms consist of turbines that generate electricity. Though it will be more ex
34、pensive, there is more than enough wind to provide the world“s entire energy needs. Wind farms come in onshore and offshore forms. They can often end up at spots of natural beauty, and are often unpopular with residents. And turbines are not totally benignthey can interfere with radar and leave a si
35、gnificant ecological footprint, altering climate and killing sea birds. Migrating birds may have more luck avoiding them. Scotland is building Europe“s largest wind farm, which will power 200,000 homes. The UK“s goal is to generate one-fifth of power from renewable sources, mainly wind, by 2020. But
36、 this may cause problems, because wind is unreliable.（分数：15.00）(1).What are the energy resources that are not renewable according to the article?（分数：3.00）A.Petroleum and coal.B.Natural gas.C.Wind and water.D.A and B.(2).China“s Three Gorges Dam _.（分数：3.00）A.is the first hydroelectric dam in the worl
37、dB.is of the same size of the US“s Hoover DamC.is the largest of all the hydroelectric dams in the worldD.supplies around 20% of the world electricity(3).Which is the country with the first commercial power station that makes use of ocean currents produced by tides?（分数：3.00）A.China.B.Norway.C.Englan
38、d.D.America.(4).Which of the following statements is true of wind power?（分数：3.00）A.There is plenty of wind to provide the world“s entire energy needs.B.It is the most rapidly growing type of electricity production.C.It may not be reliable.D.All of the above.(5).According to the article, resources su
39、ch as wind _.（分数：3.00）A.are sustainable but not replaceableB.are renewable so sustainableC.are sustainable so renewableD.are irreplaceable六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)The Biology of MusicHumans use music as a powerful way to communicate. It may also play an important role in love. But what is music, and how
40、 does it work its magic? Science does not yet have all the answers. What are two things that make humans different from animals? One is language, and the other is music. It is true that some animals can sing (and many birds sing better than a lot of people). However, the songs of animals, such as bi
41、rds and whales, are very limited. It is also true that humans, not animals, have developed musical instruments. Music is strange stuff. It is clearly different from language. However, people can use music to communicate thingsespecially their emotions. When music is combined with speech in a song, i
42、t is a very powerful form of communication. But, biologically speaking, what is music? If music is truly different from speech, then we should process music and language in different parts of the brain. The scientific evidence suggests that this is true. Sometimes people who suffer brain damage lose
43、 their ability to process language. However, they don“t automatically (自动地) lose their musical abilities. For example, Vissarion Shebalin, a Russian composer, had a stroke (中风) in 1953. It injured the left side of his brain. He could no longer speak or understand speech. He could, however, still com
44、pose music until his death ten years later. On the other hand, sometimes strokes cause people to lose their musical ability, but they can still speak and understand speech. This shows that the brain processes music and language separately. By studying the physical effects of music on the body, scien
45、tists have also learned a lot about how music influences the emotions. But why does music have such a strong effect on us? That is a harder question to answer. Geoffrey Miller, a researcher at University College, London, thinks that music and love have a strong connection. Music requires special tal
46、ent, practice, and “physical ability. That“s why it may be a way of showing your fitness to be someone“s mate. For example, singing in tune or playing a musical instrument requires fine muscular control. You also need a good memory to remember the notes (音符). And playing or singing those notes corre
47、ctly suggests that your hearing is in excellent condition. Finally, when a man sings to the woman he loves (or vice versa), it may be a way of showing off. However, Miller“s theory still doesn“t explain why certain combinations of sounds influence our emotions so deeply. For scientists, this is clea
48、rly an area that needs further research.（分数：15.00）(1).Music can NOT be used _.（分数：3.00）A.as an efficient way to communicateB.as an effective tool to perform magic tricksC.to successfully seek after a loverD.to influence the emotions of humans(2).Humans are different from animals because _.（分数：3.00）A
49、.they have different languages and musicB.they have different languages and communicationsC.they have different songs and languagesD.they have different music and songs(3).Which of the following statements is true?（分数：3.00）A.People who lose their ability to process language also lose their musical abilities.B.People who injure the left sides of their brains can speak and understand music.C.People who injure the left sides of their brains can“t compose music.D.People use different parts of their brains to process music and language.(4).The author doesn“t suggest tha
