1、职称英语理工类 A级-55 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.The government is debating the education laws.A. discussing B. defeating C. delaying D. declining（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.They had a far better yield than any other farm miles away around this year.A. goods B. soil C. climate D. harve
2、st（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.The city has decided to do away with all the old buildings in its center.A. get rid of B. set up C. repair D. paint（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.During the past ten years there have been dramatic changes in the international situation.A. permanent B. powerful C. striking D. practical（分数：1.
3、00）A.B.C.D.5.For young children, getting dressed is a complicated business.A. personal B. strange C. funny D. complex（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.Cement was seldom used in buildings of the Middle Ages.A. slightly B. rarely C. originally D. occasionally（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.There is an abundant supply of cheap la
4、bor in this country.A. steady B. plentiful C. an extra D. a stable（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.The most crucial problem any economic system faces is how to use its scarce resources.A. puzzling B. difficult C. terrifying D. urgent（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.He made an immense amount of money in business.A. large B. sma
5、ll C. limited D. little（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.The substance can be added to gasoline to accelerate the speed of automobiles.A. quicken B. shorten C. loosen D. enlarge（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.The room was furnished with the simplest essentials, a bed, a chair, and a table.A. supplied B. gathered C. grasped D
6、. made（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.The local government decided to merge the two firms into a big one.A. motivate B. combine C. compact D. nominate（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.He emphasized a feasible plan which can be accepted by the both sides.A. favorable B. possible C. formal D. genuine（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.When do
7、es the next train depart?A. pull up B. pull down C. pull out D. pull in（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.Because administering the whole company, he sometimes has to work around the clock.A. adjusting B. evaluating C. engaging D. managing（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Irradiating FoodIrradiating frui
8、ts, vegetables, pork and chicken to kill insects and bacteria has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration over the past decade or so. Irradiation of other meats, such as beef and lamb, is being reviewed. Federal approval does not require that industry adopt the process, and few food proces
9、sors presently offer irradiated products.Market studies have shown that many consumers are afraid that eating irradiated foods may cause cancer, despite scientific studies that prove the safety of treated foods. Some people argue that more severe government inspection, higher food-safety standards,
10、and more careful-preparation practices by consumers are all that is needed to ensure that food is safe. Consequently, companies currently see no need to spend millions of dollars outfitting processing plants with the equipment necessary for a process that very few shoppers are in favor of.All superm
11、arkets that sell irradiated food must label the food either directly on the packaging, or, in the case of bulk items like fruits and vegetables, by placing a sign nearby. There is no requirement for the labeling of irradiated food served by chain restaurants or hospitals that buy directly from distr
12、ibutors, nor any regulations for products that contain irradiated ingredients.Presently, the FDA allows food to be treated with three types of radiationgamma rays, high-energy electrons, and X raysand sets limits on doses, depending on the type of food. The principle is that the dose to be used for
13、a certain type of food should not exceed the amount that is sufficient to kill most harmful insects and bacteria present in it. Different types of food, because of their molecular compositions, may require different doses of radiation.（分数：7.00）(1).According to the passage, killing insects and bacter
14、ia present in foods by irradiating is not completely approved by the US government.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(2).There are quite a number of food processors which are interested in producing irritated foods.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(3).Some consumers ar
15、e doubtful of the safety of irradiated foods and suggest a more severe government inspection be taken.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(4).Some companies foresee the promising future of setting up food processing factories, although they do not see the need now.A. Right B. Wrong C. N
16、ot mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(5).It is required that labels placed on irradiated food or nearby bulk items such as vegetables and fruits should indicate irradiated ingredients.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(6).Restaurants can serve irradiated food bought directiy from distributors w
17、ithout labeling it.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(7).The passage tells us that FDA approves irradiating food to some extent but irradiated food is not widely accepted.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.三、第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)The Magic Io Personal Digital Pen
18、1. Check out the io Personal Digital Pen launched by Logitech: Its a magic pen that can store everything you write and transfer it to your computer. And you dont have to lug a hand held device along with you for it to work.2. Logitechs technology works like this: The pen writes normally, using norma
19、l ballpoint pen ink. But while you are writing, a tiny camera inside the pen is also taking 100 snapshots per second of what you are doing, mapping your writing via a patchwork of minute dots printed on the paper. All this informationthe movement of your pen on the paper, basicallyis then stored dig
20、itally inside the pen, whether you are writing notes or drawing complex diagrams. You can store up to 40 pages worth of doodles in the pens memory. As far as you are concerned, you are just using a normal pen.3. It is only when you drop the pen into its PC-connected cradle that the fun begins. Speci
21、al software on your PC will figure out what you have done, and begin to download any documents you have written since the last time it was there. Depending on whether you have ticked certain boxes on the special notepad, it can also tell whether the document is destined to be an e-mail, a “to do“ ta
22、sk, or a diagram to be inserted into a word-processing document. Once the documents are downloaded you can view them, print them out or convert them to other formats.4. The io Personal Digital Pen is a neat and simple solution to the problem of storing, sharing and retrieving handwritten notes, as w
23、ell as for handling diagrams, pictures and other non text doodling. You dont have to carry a laptop along with you. All you have to do is just to whip out the pen and the special paper and you are off.5. It is a great product because it does not force you to work differentlywalking around with a scr
24、een strapped to your arm, or carrying with you extra bits and pieces. The pen is light and works like a normal pen if you need it to, while the special notepads look and feel like notepads. The only strange looks will be from people who are curious why you are writing with a cigar.6. The io Personal
25、 Digital Pen also has potential elsewhere. FedEx, for example, is introducing a version of the pen so that customers can fill out forms by handinstead of punching letters into cumbersome devices. Once that data is digital more or less anything can be done with ittransferring it wirelessly to a centr
26、al computer, for example, or via a hand-phone. Doctors could transmit their prescriptions directly to pharmacies, reducing fraud; policemen could send their reports back to the station, reducing paperwork.（分数：8.00）(1).A. A Friendly and Convenient DeviceB. Ways to Download the Stored InformationC. Ex
27、amples of Other Potential Applications of the Io PenD. Customers Passion for the Io PenE. FedEx the First User of the Io PenF. Working Principle of the Io Personal Digital PenParagraph 2 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 5 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 6 _（分数：1.00）填空项
28、1:_(5).A. you dont have to carry your laptop alongB. the information will be shown digitally on the penC. FedEx has special software to store your informationD. it works like an ordinary penE. you simply place the pen into its computer connected cradleF. the movement of your pen is recorded digitall
29、y inside the penThere is no need to learn how to use the io Personal Digital Pen because _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).If you want to download what you have done with the magic pen, _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).The magic pen is particularly convenient when you work away from home or office because _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1
30、:_(8).No matter what you write or draw, _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Mind-reading MachineA team of researchers in California has developed a way to predict what kinds of objects people are looking at by scanning whats happening in their brains.When you look at so
31、mething, your eyes send a signal about that object to your brain. Different regions of the brain process the information your eyes send. Ceils in your brain called neurons are responsible for this processing.The fMRI (functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging) brain scans could generally match electrica
32、l activity in the brain to the basic shape of a picture that someone was looking at.Like cells anywhere else in your body, active neurons use oxygen. Blood brings oxygen to the neurons, and the more active a neuron is, the more oxygen it will consume. The more active a region of the brain, the more
33、active its neurons, and in turn, the more blood will travel to that region. And by using fMRI, scientists can visualize which parts of the brain receive more oxygen rich blood and therefore, which parts are working to process information.An fMRI machine is a device that scans the brain and measures
34、changes in blood flow to the brain. The technology shows researchers how brain activity changes when a person thinks, looks at something, or carries out an activity like speaking or reading. By highlighting the areas of the brain at work when a person looks at different images, fMRI may help scienti
35、sts determine specific patterns of brain activity associated with different kinds of images.The California researchers tested brain activity by having two volunteers view hundreds of pictures of everyday objects, like people, animals, and fruits. The scientists used an fMRI machine to record the vol
36、unteers brain activity with each photograph they looked at. Different objects caused different regions of the volunteers brains to light up on the scan, indicating activity. The scientists used this information to build a model to predict how the brain might respond to any image the eyes see.In a se
37、cond test, the scientists asked the volunteers to look at 120 new pictures. Like before, their brains were scanned every time they looked at a new image. This time, the scientists used their model to match the fMRI scans to the image. For example, if a scan in the second test showed the same pattern
38、 of brain activity that was strongly, related to pictures of apples in the first test, their model would have predicted the volunteers were looking at apples.（分数：15.00）(1).What is responsible for processing the information sent by your eyes?A. A small region of the brain.B. The central part of the b
39、rain.C. Neurons in the brain.D. Oxygen rich blood.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which of the following statements is NOT meant by the writer?A. Cells in your brain are called neurons.B. The more oxygen a neuron consumes, the more blood it needs.C. fMRI helps scientists to discover which parts of the brain pr
40、ocess information.D. fMRI helps scientists to discover how the brain develops intelligently.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).“Highlighting the areas of the brain at work“ meansA. “marking the parts of the brain that are processing information“B. “giving light to the parts of the brain that are processing inform
41、ation“C. “putting the parts of the brain to work“D. “stopping the parts of the brain from working/（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What did the researchers experiment on?A. Animals, objects, and fruits.B. Two volunteers.C. fMRI machines.D. Thousands of pictures.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following can be
42、 the best replacement of the title?A. The Recent Development in Science and TechnologyB. Your Thoughts Can Be ScannedC. A Technological DreamD. A Device That Can Help You Calculate（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Lateral ThinkingLateral thinking (迂回思维), first described by Edward de Bono in 1967
43、, is just a few years older than Edwards son. You might imagine that Caspar was raised to be an adventurous thinker, but de Bono name was so famous, Caspars parents worried that any time he would say something bright at school, his teachers might snap, “Where do you get that idea from?“We had to be
44、careful and not overdo it,“ Edward admits. Now Caspar is at Oxford which once looked unlikely because he is also slightly dyslexic (诵读困难). In fact, when he was applying to Oxford, none of his school teachers thought he had a chance. “So then we did several thinking sessions,“ his father says, “using
45、 my techniques and, when he went up for the exam, he did extremely well.“ Soon after, Edward de Bono decided to write his latest book, “Teach Your Children How to Think“, in which he transforms the thinking skills he developed for brain-storming businessmen into informal exercises for parents and ch
46、ildren to share.Thinking is traditionally regarded as something executed in a logical sequence, and everybody knows that children arent very logical. So isnt it an uphill battle, trying to teach them to think? “You know,“ Edward de Bono says, “if you examine peoples thinking, it is quite unusual to
47、find faults of logic. But the faults of perception are huge! Often we think ineffectively because we take too limited a view. “Teach Your Child How to Think“ offers lessons in perception improvement, of clearly seeing the implications of something you are saying and of exploring the alternatives.（分数
48、：15.00）(1).What is TRUE about Caspar?A. He is Edwards son.B. He is an adventurous thinker.C. He first described lateral thinking.D. He is often scolded by his teacher.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Caspar succeeded in applying to Oxford becauseA. he was careful and often overworkedB. all of his school teacher
49、s thought he had a chanceC. he used in the exam the techniques provided by his fatherD. he read the book “Teach Your Child How to Think“ before the exam（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that Edward _.A. was likely to improve childrens logic with his bookB. gave a description of lateral thinking several years after his son was bornC. was prompted to study lateral thin
