1、职称英语理工类 A 级-52 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.The manager allocates duties to the clerks.A. assigns B. persuades C. asks D. orders（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.Its all advisable idea to get out of the dispute.A. wise B. urgent C. useless D. proper（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.Your dog needs at
2、 least 20 minutes of vigorous exercise every day.A. energetic B. physical C. regular D. free（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.Our arrangements were thrown into complete turmoil.A. failure B. confusion C. doubt D. relief（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.I have been trying to quit smoking.A. give up B. pick up C. build up D. take
3、up（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.If I made a mistake, I will try to remedy it.A. clarify B. diagnose C. evaporate D. correct（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.We derive information mainly from the Internet.A. deprive B. obtain C. descend D. trace（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.His sole motive was to make her happy.A. aim B. argument C. cap
4、ability D. pursuit（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.He could not tolerate the extremes of heat in the desert.A. bear B. hate C. like D. criticize（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.These factors interact intimately and cannot be separated.A. tensely B. nearly C. carefully D. closely（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.A new system of quality cont
5、rol was brought in to overcome the defects in the firms products.A. invested B. introduced C. installed D. insisted（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.Medicine depends on other fields for basic information, particularly some of their specialized branches.A. conventionally B. obviously C. especially D. inevitably（分数
6、：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.We were astonished to hear that their football team had won the champion.A. amazed B. amounted C. amused D. approached（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.The old concerns lose importance and some of them vanish altogether.A. develop B. disappear C. link D. renew（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.Relief workers we
7、re shocked by what they saw.A. moved B. touched C. surprised D. worried（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)TV Games ShowsOne of the most fascinating things about television is the size of the audience. A novel can be on the “best sellers“ list with a sale of fewer than 100,000 copies, but a
8、 popular TV show might have 70 million TV viewers. TV can make anything or anyone well known overnight.This is the principle behind “quiz“ or “game“ shows, which put ordinary people on TV to play a game for the prize and money. A quiz show can make anyone a star, and it can give away thousands of do
9、llars just for fun. But all of this money can create problems. For instance, in the 1950s, quiz shows were very popular in the US and almost everyone watched them. Charles Van Doren, an English instructor, became rich and famous after winning money on several shows. He even had a career as a televis
10、ion personality. But one of the losers proved that Charles Van Doren was cheating. It turned out that the shows producers, who were pulling the strings, gave the answers to the most popular contestants beforehand. Why? Because if the audience didnt like the person who won the game, they turned the s
11、how off. Based on his story, a movie under the title “Quiz Show“ is on 40 years later.Charles Van Doren is no longer involved with TV. But game shows are still here, though they arent taken as seriously. In fact, some of them try to be as ridiculous as possible. There are shows that send strangers o
12、n vacation trips together, or that try to cause newly married couples to fight on TV, or that punish losers by humiliating them. The entertainment now is to see what people will do just to be on TV. People still win money, but the real prize is to be in front of an audience of millions.（分数：7.00）(1).
13、TV can make a beggar world famous overnight.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(2).The principle behind “quiz“ or “game“ shows is to put ordinary people on TV to play a game for prizes and money.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(3).Prizes and money are usually provided
14、by TV stars and large companies.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(4).One of the TV personalities, Charles Van Doren was proved to be cheating by persuading the Shows producers to give him the answers beforehand.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(5).The huge scandal of
15、cheating in TV games shows was not exposed until 40 years later in the movie “Quiz Show“.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(6).Nowadays game shows are not treated as seriously as they used to be.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(7).Winners of present day TV game shows
16、no longer get money from the shows.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Is There a Way to Keep the Britains Economy Growing1. In todays knowledge economy, nations survive on the things they do best. Japanese design electronics while Germans export enginee
17、ring techniques. The French serve, the best food and Americans make computers.2. Britain specializes in the gift of talking. The nation doesnt manufacture much of anything. But it has lawyers, stylists and business consultants who earn their living from talk and more talk. The World Foundation think
18、 tank says the UKs four iconic jobs today are not scientists, engineers, teachers and nurses. Instead, theyre hairdressers, celebrities, management consultants and managers. But can all this talking keep the British economy going? The British government thinks it can.3. Although the countrys trade d
19、eficit was more than 60 billion in 2006, UKs largest in the postwar period. Officials say the country has nothing to worry about. In fact, Britain does have a world class pharmaceutical industry? And it still makes a small sum from selling arms abroad. It also trades services-accountancy, insurance,
20、 banking and advertising. The government believes Britain is on the cutting edge of the knowledge economy. After all, the country of Shakespeare and Wordsworth has a literary tradition of which to be proud. Rock “n“ roll is an English language medium, and there are billions to be made by their cutti
21、ng-edge bands. In other words, the creative economy has plenty of strength to carry the British economy.4. However, creative industries account for only about 4 percent of UKs exports of goods and services. The industries are finding it hard to make a profit, according to a report of the National En
22、dowment for Science, Technology and the Arts. The report shows only 38 percent of British companies were engaged in “innovation activities“, 3 percentage points below the EU average and well below Germany (61 percent) and Sweden (47 percent).5. In fact, it might be better to call Britain a “servant“
23、 economythere are at least 4 million people “in service“. The majority of the population are employed by the rich to cook, clean, and take care of their children. Many graduates are even doing menial jobs for which they do not need a degree. Most employment growth has been, and will continue to be,
24、at the low skill end of the service sectorin shops, bars, hotels, domestic service and in nursing and care homes.（分数：8.00）(1).A. Growth of EconomyB. “Servant“ EconomyC. Strength of the Creative EconomyD. Weakness of the Creative EconomyE. Gift of TalkingF. Export of Talking MachinesParagraph 2 _（分数：
25、1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).A. to find jobsB. to do low skill jobsC. to feed its peopleD. to handle disputesE. to make a profitF. to worry about the British economyEvery country has its own way（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).
26、The British government doesnt seem（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).The creative industries find it difficult（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).Many graduates are employed（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Late-Night DrinkingCoffee lovers beware. Having a quick “pick-me-up“ cup of coffee late in th
27、e day will play havoc with your sleep. As well as being a stimulant, caffeine interrupts the flow of melatonin, the brain hormone that sends people into a sleep.Melatonin levels normally start to rise about two hours before bedtime. Levels then peak between 2 am and 4 am, before falling again. “Its
28、the neurohormone that controls our sleep and tells our body when to sleep and when to wake,“ says Maurice Ohayon of the Stanford Sleep Epidemiology Research Center at Stanford University in California. But researchers in Israel have found that caffeinated coffee halves the bodys levels of this sleep
29、 hormone.Lotan Shilo and a team at the Sapir Medical Center in Tel Aviv University found that six volunteers slept less well after a cup of caffeinated coffee than after drinking the same amount of decal. On average, subjects slept 336 minutes per night after drinking caffeinated coffee, compared wi
30、th 415 minutes after decal. They also took half an hour to drop off twice as long as usualand jigged around in bed twice as much.In the second phase of the experiment, the researchers woke the volunteers every three hours and asked them to give a urine sample. Shilo measured concentrations of a brea
31、kdown product of melatonin. The results suggest that melatonin concentrations in caffeine drinkers were half those in decaf drinkers. In a paper accepted for publication in Sleep Medicine, the researchers suggest that caffeine blocks production of the enzyme that drives melatonin production.Because
32、it can take many hours to eliminate caffeine from the body, Ohayon recommends that coffee lovers switch to decaf after lunch.（分数：15.00）(1).The author mentions “pick-me-up“ to indicate that _.A. melatonin levels need to be raisedB. neurohormone can wake us upC. coffee is a stimulantD. decaf is a caff
33、einated coffee（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which of the following tells us how caffeine affects sleep?A. Caffeine blocks production of the enzyme that stops melatonin production.B. Caffeine interrupts the flow of the hormone that prevents people from sleeping.C. Caffeine halves the bodys levels of sleep hor
34、mone.D. Caffeine stays in the body for many hours.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What does Paragraph 3 mainly discuss?A. Different effects of caffeinated coffee and decal on sleep.B. Different findings of Lotan Shilo and a team about caffeine.C. The fact that the subjects slept 415 minutes per night after dri
35、nking decaf.D. The proof that the subjects took half an hour to fall asleep.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What does the experiment mentioned in Paragraph 4 prove?A. There are more enzymes in decaf drinkers urine sample.B. There are more melatonin concentrations in coffeein drinkers urine sample.C. Decaf drin
36、kers produce less melatonin.D. Caffeine drinkers produce less sleep hormone.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The author of this passage probably agrees that _.A. coffee lovers sleep less than those who do not drink coffeeB. we should not drink coffee after supperC. people sleep more soundly at midnight than at
37、3 amD. if we feel sleepy at night, we should go to bed immediately（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Can Buildings Be Designed to Resist Terrorist AttackIn the aftermath of the terrorist attack on the World Trade Center, structural engineers are trying hard to solve a question that a month ago wo
38、uld have been completely unthinkable: Can building be designed to withstand catastrophic blasts inflicted by terrorists?Ten days after the terrorist attacks on the twin towers, structural engineers from the University at Buffalo and the Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake Engineering Research (M
39、CEER) headquartered at UB traveled to ground zero as part of a project funded by the National Science Foundation. Visiting the site as part of an MCEER reconnaissance visit, they spent two days beginning the task of formulating ideas about how to design such structures and searching for clues on how
40、 to do so in buildings that were damaged, but still are standing.“Our objective in visiting ground zero was to go and look at the buildings surrounding the World Trade Center, those buildings that are still standing, but that sustained damage,“ said M. Bruneau, Ph.D. “Our immediate hope is that we c
41、an develop a better understanding as to why those buildings remain standing, while our long-term goal is to see whether earthquake engineering technologies can be married to existing technologies to achieve enhanced performance of buildings in the event of terrorist attacks,“ he added.Photographs ta
42、ken by the investigators demonstrate in startling detail the monumental damage inflicted on the World Trade Center towers and buildings in the vicinity. One building a block away from the towers remains standing, but was badly damaged. “This building is many meters away from the World Trade Center a
43、nd yet we see a column there that used to be part of that building“, explained A. Whittaker, Ph. D. “The column became a missile that shot across the road, through the window and through the floor.“The visit to the area also revealed some surprises, according to the engineers. For example, the floor
44、 framing systems in one of the adjacent buildings were quite rugged, allowing floors that were pierced by tons of falling debris to remain intact.“ Highly redundant ductile framing systems may provide a simple, but robust strategy for blast resistance,“ he added. Other strategies may include providi
45、ng alternate paths for gravity loads in the event that a load-bearing column fails.“ We also need a better understanding of the mechanism of collapse, “said A. Whittaker. “We need to find out what causes a building to collapse and how you can predict it.“A. Reinhorn, Ph.D. noted that “earthquake sha
46、king has led to the collapse of many buildings in the past. It induces dynamic response and extremely high stresses and deformations in structural components. Solutions developed for earthquake-resistant design may be directly applicable to blast engineering and terrorist-resistant design. Part of o
47、ur mission now at UB is to transfer these solutions and to develop new ones where none exist at present. /（分数：15.00）(1).The question raised in the first paragraph is one _.A. that was asked by structural engineers a month agoB. that is too difficult for structural engineers to answer even nowC. that
48、 was never thought of before the terrorist attackD. that terrorists are eager to find a solution to（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The project funded by the National Science Foundation _.A. was first proposed by some engineers at UBB. took about two days to completeC. was to investigate the damage caused by th
49、e terrorist attackD. was to find out why some buildings could survive the blasts（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The column mentioned by Dr. Whittaker _.A. was part of the building close to the World Trade CenterB. was part of the World Trade CenterC. was shot through the window and the floor of the World Trade CenterD. damaged many buildings in the vicinity of the World Trade Center（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4)
