1、职称英语理工类 A 级-45 及答案解析(总分：104.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.The union representative put across her argument very effectively.A. explained B. inventedC. considered D. accepted（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.For young children, getting dressed is a complicated business.A. strange B. complex C. perso
2、nal D. funny（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.I am in favor of his plan because it is reasonable.A. reject B. accept C. choose D. support（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.Marxism doctrine was spelled out in the Communist Manifesto.A. evaluated B. detailed C. supported D. mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.There are a limited number of
3、books on this subject in the library.A. small B. totalC. good D. great（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.Did anyone call me when I was out?A. invite B. nameC. answer D. phone（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.They only have a limited amount of time to get their points across.A. large B. total C. small D. similar（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.
4、Anxiety about financial matter lessened somewhat when, in 1910, the United States accepted responsibility for Liberias survival.A. descended B. faded C. diminished D. highlighted（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.The girl is gazing at herself in the mirror.A. smiling B. laughing C. shouting D. staring（分数：1.00）A.B.C
5、.D.10.Hundreds of buildings were wrecked by the earthquake.A. shaken B. fallen C. damaged D. trembled（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.Italian ice cream is imitated all over the world.A. copied B. ignored C. organized D. provided（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.The children trembled with fear when they saw the policeman.A. we
6、pt B. cried C. ran D. shook（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.The childrens story writer known as Dr. Seuss proved that the simplest stories for children could have characterization and suspense.A. structure B. history C. excitement D. plot（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.The newspaper did not mention the degree of the damage
7、caused by the fire.A. range B. levelC. extent D. quantity（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.We can not go on quarrelling like this.A. choose B. prepareC. continue D. advice（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Black HolesMost scientists agree that black holes exist but are nearly impossible to locate. A bla
8、ck hole in the universe is not a solid object, like a planet, but it is shaped like a sphere (球体). Astronomers (天文学家) think that at the center of a black hole there is a single point in space with infinite(无限的)density(稠密), This single point is called a singularity (奇点). If the singularity theory is
9、correct, it means that when a massive star collapses, all the material in it disappears into the singularity. The center of a black hole would not really be a hole at all, but an infinitely dense point. Anything that crosses the black hole is pulled in by its great gravity.Although black holes do ex
10、ist, they are difficult to observe. These are the reasons. No light or anything else comes out of black holes. As a result, they are invisible to a telescope. In astronomical terms, black holes are truly. For example, a black hole formed by the collapse of a giant star would have an event horizon(视界
11、) only 18 miles across. The nearest black holes would be dozens of light years away from Earth. One light year is about 6 trillion (万亿) miles. Even the most powerful telescopes could not pick out an object so small at such a great distance.In 1994 the Hubble Space Telescope provided evidence that bl
12、ack holes exist. There are still answers to be found, however, so black holes remain one of the mysteries of the universe.（分数：7.00）(1).Black holes are part of space.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(2).Black holes exist but are difficult to observe.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned（分数：1
13、.00）A.B.C.(3).The center of a black hole is empty.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(4).The attraction of two large stars leads to gravity.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(5).The sun is the heaviest star in the universe.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(6).T
14、he nearest black holes are hundreds of light years away from us.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(7).The Hubble Space Telescope helps scientists to understand the nature of the universe.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：2，分数：12.00)A. to avoid psychol
15、ogical techniques. B. to break recordsC. to better understand the athletes body and mindD. to time and spaceE. to be replacing the sporting challengeF. to human performance（分数：4.00）(1).It is more difficult for todays athletes 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).We dont know if there is a limit 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(
16、3).Research has helped coaches 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Scientific advances are suspected 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_Every year thousands of grey whales make the longest migration of any animal, traveling 7,000 miles each way between the Arctic and Baja, California. The grey whales spend the long summer days in
17、 their Arctic feeding grounds in the Bering Sea between Alaska and Russia. Unlike a fish, the whale is warm-blooded and must therefore maintain a relatively high internal body temperature. In the cold Arctic waters the grey whale is protected by an outer layer of blubber which averages six inches in
18、 thickness. Other whales such as the Greenland Night whale have been found with a two-foot thick layer of blubber covering their bodies.2. During these summer months, in the Arctic the grey whales fatten themselves by consuming enormous quantities of small shrimp-like animals called amphipods. Recen
19、t observations of a young grey whale, Gigi , held in captivity at Sea World in San Diego during 1971 and 1972, suggest that the grey whale feeds by sweeping its enormous head over the bottom. The amphipods on which it feeds are either stirred off the bottom or leap off the bottom to escape. These an
20、imals and the surrounding water are sucked into the whales mouth. As the water is expelled from the mouth, it passes through coarse baleen fibres. The small animals are trapped and swallowed.3. In October as the days get shorter and ice begins to form over the Arctic feeding grounds, the California
21、grey whale begins its long journey south to the warm waters of Baja, California. During this three-month long trip the whales travelling in groups stay close to the shore of North America, swimming both day and night and averaging abut 100 miles per day.4 During the trip south the grey whales that a
22、re sexually mature, at least three years old, and not pregnant already, form mating groups. These groups are composed of three whales, two males and a female. The dominant male couples with the female while the second male is kept busy positioning the two whales on their sides facing each other and
23、keeping them together during the sex act. This is no small job, since each whale can be fifty feet long and weigh forty tons.5. During December and January the grey whales arrive at the warm lagoons along the coast of Baja, California. The whales swim miles inland along narrow shallow channels. Thes
24、e channels are the breeding grounds of the California grey whale. The calf has been gestating in the pregnant female for the last thirteen months, that is, since her last journey south. The expectant cow is aided in the birth of the calf by another female that acts as a midwife. At birth the calf si
25、nks toward the sea floor. Being a mammal the whale must breathe at the surface. The midwife guides the baby whale to the surface for its first gulp of air. The calf then finds its mothers nipples and rich whale milk is forced into its mouth. During the next two months the calf will grow twenty feet
26、and double its weight.6. In March the whales begin their long journey north to the Arctic. The newly-pregnant females leave first, following by the males and immature females. The last to leave the warm waters of Baja are the females and their calves. The whales arrive at their Arctic feeding ground
27、 in June. Many scientists believe that during this entire eight month long, 14,000 mile journey, the California grey whale does not feed at all!（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 3 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 4 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 5 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 6 _A. The Voyage BackB. An Arctic
28、SummerC. Feeding HabitsD. At the Breeding GroundsE. The Move SouthF. Mating（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).A layer of blubber approximately six inches thick _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).The whale feeds on_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).A mating group consists of _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).The newly-born whale is assisted to _.A. sma
29、ll shrimp-like animals called amphipodsB. protects the whale in Arctic waters.C. increase the circulation of its blood.D. two males and one female.E. leaves its Arctic feeding grounds,F. the surface of the water by a whale “midwife“.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Es
30、caping from the Earth The Earth has a force that pulls things toward itself. We call this force gravity(地心引力). This is something we live with all the time, and we take it for granted and hardly ever think about it. But it is a most important factor in rocket operation and must be overcome if we are
31、to get anywhere in space, or off the ground at all.Take the throwing of a hall as an example. The harder the ball is thrown, the faster and higher it will go. What is the secret? Its speed. If we could throw the ball hard enough it would go up and up forever and never come down. The speed at which i
32、t would have to be thrown to do this is known as escape speed. Of course, we cannot throw a ball hard enough because the speed required to escape completely from the Earths gravity is seven miles per second, or over twenty-five thousand miles per hour.Once escape speed has been reached by a spacecra
33、ft(宇宙飞船), no further power is needed. A rocket aimed at the Moon, for instance, will “coast“(滑行) the rest of the way be cause the Earths gravity cannot then pull it back, and there is no air resistance(阻力) in space to slow it down. This “coasting“ is known as “free fall“. That does not mean the rock
34、et is falling down towards the Earth but that it is traveling freely in space without the aid of power, like a bicycle coasting downhill.Free fall is an important feature of space travel: it would be impossible to carry enough fuel to provide powered flight all the time.（分数：15.00）(1).What is the mos
35、t important factor for a rocket to escape from the Earth?A. To travel as fast as it can.B. To overcome the Earth gravity.C. To get away from the air resistance.D. To have strong power in its operation.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).How fast will a rocket go to escape completely from the Earths gravity?A. Seve
36、nty miles per second.B. Seven thousand miles per hour.C. Twenty-five thousand miles per second.D. Twenty-five thousand miles per hour.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).As there is always the Earths gravitational(地心引力的)pull, people _.A. accept it without questioning itB. never notice its presenceC. hardly think a
37、bout how to use itD. often try to escape from it（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).When a bicycle “coasts“ downhill, it _.A. runs along the hillsideB. does not need any further powerC. runs freely to all directionsD. does not meet with air resistance（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Why is it not necessary to provide powered
38、flight in space all the time?A. Few spacecrafts complete their flight operations.B. The Earths gravity cannot be overcome.C. No future power is needed after the escape speed is reached.D. “Free fall“ takes the place of the Earths gravity pull.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Across the English
39、ChannelTo swim across the English Channel takes at least nine hours. Its a hard work and it makes you short of breath. To fly over the Channel takes only twenty minutes (as only as youre not held up at the airport), but its an expensive way to travel. You can travel by hovercraft if you dont mind th
40、e noise, and that takes forty minutes. Otherwise you can go by boat, if you dreams of being able to drive to France in his own car. “Not possible“, you say. Well wait a minute. People are once again considering the idea of a Channel tunnel or bridge.This time, the Greater London Council is looking i
41、nto the possibility of building a Channel link straight to London. A bridge would cost far more than a tunnel, but you would be able to go by rail or by car on a bridge, whereas a tunnel would provide a rail link only.Why is this idea being discussed again? Is Britain becoming more conscious of the
42、need for links with Europe as a result of joining the EEC (欧共体)? Well, perhaps. The main reason, though, is that a tunnel or bridge would reach the twenty square kilometers of Londons disused dockland(船坞地). A link from London to the continent would stimulate trade and re-vitalize(使重新具有活力)the port, a
43、nd would make London a main trading center in Europe. With a link over the Channel, you could buy your fish and chips in England and be able to eat them in France while they were still warm!（分数：15.00）(1).Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. Swimming across the Channel takes less than four ho
44、urs.B. The idea of a Channel tunnel or bridge is a very new one.C. It is considered to be more difficult to swim across the channel than any other means.D. A tunnel or bridge would only reach as far as the coast.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A tunnel would be _.A. less expensive to be built than a bridgeB. m
45、ore expensive to be built than a bridgeC. less expensive to be built than a railD. more expensive to be built than a rail（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).If they built a Channel tunnel, you would _.A. neither take a train nor go by carB. either take a train or go by carC. only take a trainD. only take a bus（分数：
46、3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).It can be concluded that many of Londons dockyards are _.A. not used B. fully usedC. seriously blocked D. opened again（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Channel link would _.A. allow us to by fish and chips in FranceB. make the journey from Europe to England dangerous but easier and fasterC. decr
47、ease more trade for Londons dockyardsD. make London more prosperous again（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Problems of the ElderlyGerontologists (老年人问题学者) study how old people are treated within a society and how the elderly deal with the inevitable problems of aging, particularly those involvin
48、g health and income. Health problems include normal losses in hearing, eyesight, and memory, and the increased possibility of chronic(慢性的)diseases. These losses are gradual and proceed at different rates for each individual. In general, the health of old people today is better than that of earlier generation-a condition that is likely to improve still further as more people receive better medical care throught their lives. Because most old people are no longer in the labor force, a steady source of income is necessary. Systems of pensions and benefits are characteristic of industrial societie
