1、职称英语理工类 A 级-32 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.His idea to solve the problem is really original. A. creative B. great C. practical D. perfect（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.The police have conducted the exhaustive investigation for this murdering. A. important B. tired C. thorough D. c
2、areful（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.He doesnt like the children who are prone to telling a lie. A. reliable B. liable C. promising D. declined（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.Purchasing the new production line will be a profitable deal for the company. A. beneficial B. tremendous C. forceful D. favorable（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.T
3、he parents always restrain their daughter from swimming in the nearby pool. A. allow B. reduce C. prevent D. confine（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.They are endeavoring to reform the present rules. A. trying B. working C. doing D. making（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.She is notable for her generous contribution for the reli
4、ef of the poor. A. guilt B. accused C. famous D. responsible（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.This kind of animals is on the verge of dying out. A. drying up B. extinction C. dying off D. distinction（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.His new movie depiets an ambitious American. A. writes B. sketches C. describes D. indicates（分数：1
5、.00）A.B.C.D.10.We ale disappointed to find out that he has made a fatal mistake. A. crucial B. foolish C. stupid D. big（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.It is said the houses along this street will soon be pulled down. A. demolished B. construct C. pulled off D. pulled in（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.As a good student, you
6、 have to follow the school rules. A. reply to B. apply for C. abide with D. comply with（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.People name this street Bill Street in honor of the famous general. A. respecting B. memorizing C. in term of D. in view of（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.He finally succeeded in carrying out his plan owin
7、g to his hard-working. A. due to B. adapting to C. considering D. suiting（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.The teacher asked us to submit the reports before next Monday. A. hand in B. hand out C. hand on D. hand back（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)1. Digital RealmIn the digital realm the next big adv
8、ance will be voice recognition. The rudiments are already here but in primitive form. Ask a computer to “recognize speech,“ and it is likely to think you want it to “wreck a nice beach.“ But in a decade or so well be able to chat away and machines will soak it all in. Microchips will be truly embedd
9、ed in our lives when we can talk to them. Not only to ourcomputers; well also able to chat our automobile navigation systems, telephone consoles, browsers, thermostats, VCRs, microwaves and any other devices we want to boss around.That will open the way to the next phase of the digital age: artifici
10、al intelligence. By our providing so many thoughts and preferences to our machines each day, theyll accumulate enough information about how we think so that theyll be able to mimic our minds and act as our agents. Scary, huh? But potentially quite useful. At least until they dont need us anymore and
11、 start building even smarter machines they can boss around.The law powering the digital age up until now has been Gordon Moores: that microchips will double in power and halve in price every 18 months or so. Bill Gates rules because early on he acted on the assumption that computing powerthe capacit
12、y of microprocessors and memory chipswould become nearly flee; his company kept churning out more and more lines of complex software to make use of the cheap bounty. The law that will power the next few decades is that the bandwidth (the capacity of fiber-optic and other pipelines to carry digital c
13、ommunications) will become nearly free.Along with the recent advances in digital switching and storage technologies, this means a future in which all forms of contentmovies, music, shows, books, data, magazines, newspapers, your aunts recipes and home videoswill be instantly available anywhere on de
14、mand. Anyone will be able to be a producer of any content; youll be able to create a movie or magazine, make it available to the world and charge for it, just like Time Warner!The result will be a transition from a mass. market world to a personalized one. Instead of centralized factories and studio
15、s that distribute or broadcast the same product to millions, technology is already allowing products to be tailored to each user You call subscribe to news sources that serve up only topics and opinions that fit your fancy. Everything from shoes to steel can be customized to meet individual wishes.（
16、分数：7.00）(1).The techniques of voice recognition are in is initial stage of development.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).Artificial intelligence means machines can act as our agents as they can think.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).According to Gordon Moores law, microchips will be
17、come more powerful but cheapen（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).Bill Gates will rule the digital age for the next decade.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).In the near future, microprocessors, memory chips and bandwidth will become absolutely free.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentione
18、d(6).It is possible for anyone to make a movie and charge for it in the future.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).The personalized market will be more popular than the mass market.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：2，分数：8.00) A. Higher living standard B. Importance o
19、f transport in trade C. Various means of transport D. Birth of transportrelated industries and trade E. Role of information in trade F. Public transportation（分数：4.00）(1).Paragraph 2 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1
20、:_ A. to send goods to various pans of the world B. at any time during the year C. has greatly promoted trade D. is it possible to produce on a large scale E. the transport of goods F. it is possible to produce on a large scale（分数：4.00）(1).The development of modem means of transport 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1
21、:_(2).Only when goods can be carried to all parts of the world quickly 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Transport has made it possible for people to eat whatever food they want 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).In the trade of modem society the transmission of information plays as important a role as 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第
22、 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：3，分数：45.00)Half of worlds primates face extinctionAlmost 50% of the worlds 634 primate (灵长类动物) species face extinction, according to a report from the International Union for the Conservation of Nature.Habitat loss is a major cause, but many monkeys and apes are being hunted to extinc
23、tion for food, especially in forests of south-east Asia. “Its cheaper to go into the forest and kill a monkey than to raise a chicken,“ says Jean-Christophe rie, deputy head of the IUCNs species programmeand a coauthor of the report. “Weve raised concerns for years about primates being in danger, bu
24、t now we have solid data to show the situation is far more severe than we imagined,“ says Russell Mittermeier, president of Conservation International, which co-funded the study.The areas most at risk are in Vietnam and Cambodia, where 90% of species are being driven to extinction by demand for monk
25、ey meat and baby monkeys as pets. Most acutely affected are medium-sized monkeys such as gibbons(长臂猿), leaf monkeys and langurs, which are easy for hunters to track down and kill because of their size and the noise they make.In South America. spider monkeys and capuchin monkeys(卷尾猴)have been hit har
26、dest. In Africa, red colobus monkeys are now critically endangered. Eleven of the 13 species assessed were listed as critically endangered or endangered. Two may already be extinct. “ Among the African species, the great apes such as gorillas (大猩猩) and bonobos have always tended to grab the limeligh
27、t, and even thought theyre deeply threatened, it is smaller primates such as the red colobus that could die out first,“ says Richard Wrangham, president of the International Primatological Society.Huge political efforts are needed now to reverse the impending losses of threatened species, says Vid.
28、“Whats needed is national legislation to protect biodiversity, creation of protected areas with dedicated staff, crackdowns on corruption, and captive breeding programmes,“ he says.But it will be difficult to halt and reverse the damage done by habitat destruction and the hunters. Once habitat is go
29、ne, animals have nowhere to go. Also, killing primates rapidly depletes populations, because they have fewer young than many other mammals and take much longer to breed and raise families.（分数：15.00）(1).What is the maj or cause that half of the primate species face extinction?（分数：3.00）A.Habitat loss.
30、B.Human hunting.C.Lack of food.D.Destruction from tourism.(2).Which of the following is true about the situation of primates according to Jean-Christophe Vi?（分数：3.00）A.The condition is far more serious than scientists have expected.B.Primates living environment is much better than years ago.C.Their
31、number is increasing due to the efforts from scientists.D.Half of the primate species have gone extinct in the past decades.(3).90% of the species in Vietnam and Cambodia are being driven to extinction because（分数：3.00）A.they make too much noise for people to bearB.there is demand for monkey meat and
32、 baby monkeys for pets.C.they are too small to survive the severe environment.D.they are easily tracked down by other big animals.(4).Which of the following may die out first in Africa according to Richard Wrangham?（分数：3.00）A.Gibbons.B.Spider monkeys and capuchin monkeys.C.Red colobus.D.Gorillas.(5)
33、.Which of the following is not an effort suggested by Vi to reduce the threat to species?（分数：3.00）A.Captive breeding programmes.B.National legislation to protect biodiversity.C.Creation of protected areas with dedicated staff.D.Stop of economic corruption.Intelligent car door clamps up when dangers
34、aboutAccidents caused by car doors being opened into the path of oncoming vehicles or cyclists are common in cities. But these incidents could become a thing of the past, if doors that react to potential impacts catch on.The creative idea of Michael Graf at BMW and Michael Strolzs team at the Techni
35、cal University of Munich, the “haptic“-technology that gives tactile feedback-doors could cut both road injuries and repair bills, they say.The current prototype looks like a normal car door, but an extra metal bar runs through its centre and connects to the cars frame between the hinges. In normal
36、mode, the bar moves freely and doesnt affect the doors movement.However, if sensors detect a nearby obstacle at the same time as an accelerometer detects an attempt to open the door, the doors swing is restricted by a linear motor attached to the bar.To pass on more information to the user, the amou
37、nt of door resistance is in proportion to the proximity of an object-for example, you might swing a door halfway open without problems before it gets stiffer as it nears a lamp post.The current prototype uses supersonic sensors to spot dangers, but because they have a limited field of view, the next
38、 version will use cameras that can span 180, says Strolz.“Then we will be able to sense the complete workspace of the door and detect people walking by the car or cycling towards it,“ he says.Reactions from 16 volunteers who tried the new door at BMWs Munich research centre have been encouraging, th
39、e team told a recent conference on haptics in Salt Lake City, Utah.The technology is mature enough that a car factory could be pumping it out in cars within a year, says Strolz. The basic mechanism is like one already featured in some cars-for example, taxis with automatic passenger doors. However,
40、BMW is yet to make any decision on whether to roll it out.（分数：15.00）(1).The passage mainly talks about（分数：3.00）A.the new technological developments in car manufacturing.B.a new type of car door that enables the driver to avoid danger.C.two expels in car safety development.D.the prospect of a new typ
41、e of car with safer doors.(2).What benefits can the new technology possibly bring according to the passage?（分数：3.00）A.It can reduce road injuries.B.It can make cars less expensive.C.It can make car repair less expensive.D.It can save the drivers life in case of car cras(3).What does the current prot
42、otype use to sense dangers?（分数：3.00）A.Supersonic sensors.B.A camera.C.Radar detector.D.Radio.(4).How did the volunteers who tried the new door at BMW respond to it?（分数：3.00）A.Negatively.B.Positively.C.With no idea.D.With problems of the technology.(5).What stage has the new technology reached accord
43、ing to Strolz?（分数：3.00）A.It is mature enough to be put to manufacture within a year.B.It is still at the starting point and no actual use is possible.C.It has already been used on some cars.D.It has been approved effective by authorities.Dont Treat Animals as Furry Test-tubesMost of us agree that th
44、ere is a moral obligation to minimize the suffering of any captive animals. In addition, there are numerous self-serving reasons why we should respect the welfare of our captive companions. However, the impact of poor animal welfare on the quality of animal science always concerns a scientist the mo
45、st.Rodents(灵长类动物) make up over 80% of the animals used in scientific procedures, and most are kept in small, barren cages. Such housing is known to constrain normal development, affecting the structure and function of adult rodent brains. These rodents may spend 50% of waking hours performing repeti
46、tive activities without apparent purpose. This abnormal behavior is likely to reflect what is going on inside the body. As ethnologist Hanno Wfirbel, of the Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Germany, puts it,“ The point that the environment might change behavior but it doesnt change biology is ri
47、diculous. Every behavior has a physiological background.“If welfare affects behavior, and therefore biology, it will affect scientific outcomes. As long as we continue to treat experimental animals as simple“ furry test-tubes“, ignoring their abilities and needs, we endanger the quality of the work
48、we do with them.So, how can we improve life for other species when we cannot experience it as they do? Wed better ask the animals. Ask them what they need, and what causes them suffering, through carefully designed preference tests and in-depth behavioural research.Scientists have already begun this
49、 task, and have been told some important and unexpected facts by their study subjects. By consistently self-medicating with pain killers, broiler chickens (嫩鸡) have told us that they are in chronic pain. By moving a barrier twice their size, mink (水貂) have told us that water baths are the most important enrichment for them. By only stopping their fruit
