1、职称英语理工类 A类分类模拟题 3及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、概括大意与完成句子(总题数：5，分数：100.00)What is eco-fashion? Eco-fashion is a complex phenomenon and the common use of the term covers two aspects of fashion“ecological“ and “ethical“. Ecological (生态的) fashion usually refers to textile (织物) and clothing production pro
2、cesses and the environmental issues surrounding them; ethical (伦理的) fashion generally relates to the working conditions involved in the producing processes. What are the problems with fashion? Firstly, the production of textiles pollutes the environment heavily. Cotton-planting uses pesticides; shee
3、p-farming and wool-cleaning contribute to global warming; synthetics-making (人造纤维生产) brings about harmful waste. Secondly, every stage of clothing production has a significant effect on the environment. They all use a great deal of energy, and some also involve harmful chemicals. In addition to this
4、, there is a lot of waste produced in the process, especially in the form of polluted water. Thirdly, growing consumption levels and our shopping habits further worsen the bad effects. We are now buying clothes in increasing quantities without realizing the scale on which it affects natural environm
5、ent, and we are also quick to throw away clothes that have been worn only a couple of times. Then, how to solve the problems? To a large degree, it is the fashion producers that really have the power and the responsibility to shape our future. There are numerous ways in which these producers can red
6、uce their ecological footprint, from switching to green energy and reducing energy use, through selecting sustainable (可持续使用的) materials and choosing local suppliers, to recycle and minimize waste. On the other hand, as consumers we can all make contributions by selecting environmentally friendly cl
7、othing and reducing clothing consumption. Now many people are beginning to shop for organic food products because the benefits of eating food free of chemicals are straightforward and immediate. They relate directly to our personal health. In fact, choosing eco-fashion can also contribute to our per
8、sonal health, though it is mostly done by way of keeping the health of the planet.（分数：20.00）(1).Paragraph 1 1. A. Sustainable resources B. The definition of eco-fashion C. Responsibilities of fashion producers and consumers D. Clothes pollution E. Current problems with the fashion F. The way eco-fas
9、hion contribute to the human health（分数：2.50）(2).Paragraph 2 1.（分数：2.50）(3).Paragraph 3 1.（分数：2.50）(4).Paragraph 4 1.（分数：2.50）(5).Ethical fashion is concerned with 1. A. they are directly related to our health B. using sustainable materials C. the environmental protection D. the working conditions an
10、d producing processes E. they are more delicious than traditional food F. consuming energy and producing harmful chemicals（分数：2.50）(6).Clothing production influences the environment by 1.（分数：2.50）(7).Fashion producers can contribute to the environment protection by 1.（分数：2.50）(8).Many people buy org
11、anic food products because 1.（分数：2.50）How Room Designs Affect Our Work and FeelingsArchitects have long had the feeling that the places we live in can affect our thoughts, feelings and behaviors. But now scientists are giving this feeling an empirical (经验的，实证的) basis. They are discovering how to des
12、ign spaces that promote creativity, keep people focused and lead to relaxation. Researches show that aspects of the physical environment can influence creativity. In 2007, Joan Meyers-Levy at the University of Minnesota, reported that the height of a room“s ceiling affects how people think. Her rese
13、arch indicates that higher ceilings encourage people to think more freely, which may lead them to make more abstract connections. Low ceilings, on the other hand, may inspire a more detailed outlook. In additions to ceiling height, the view afforded by a building may influence an occupant“s ability
14、to concentrate. Nancy Wells and her colleagues at Cornell University found in their study that kids who experienced the greatest increase in greenness as a result of a family move made the most gains on a standard test of attention. Using nature to improve focus of attention ought to pay off academi
15、cally, and it seems to, according to a study led by C. Kenneth Tanner, head of the School Design Apollo“s was 35,533 feet per second. Verne“s spacecraft took 97 hours to reach the moon; Apollo“s time was 103 hours. Like Apollo“s spacemen, Verne“s spacemen took pictures of the moon“s surface, relaxed
16、 on their seats, cooked with gas, and experienced weightlessness. They too came down in the Pacific and were picked up by an American warship. What were the reasons for Jules Verne“s extreme accuracy in describing an event 100 years or more before it actually occurred? He based his writings on the l
17、aws of physics and astronomy (天文学). Nineteenth-century science and the vivid Verne“s imagination gave people an unbelievably accurate preview of one of the greatest events of the 20th century.（分数：20.00）(1).Paragraph 1 1. A. Man“s first moon mission B. The machine designed by Leonardo da Vinci C. Man
18、“s interest in the moon D. Reasons for Verne“s accurate preview of the future E. Similarity between Verne“s story and Apollo mission F. Stepping on the moon（分数：2.50）(2).Paragraph 2 1.（分数：2.50）(3).Paragraph 3 1.（分数：2.50）(4).Paragraph 5 1.（分数：2.50）(5).Romans designed a special day called Monday in ord
19、er to 1. A. show their admiration to the moon B. he based his writings on the laws of physics and astronomy C. 35,533 feet per second D. 36,000 feet per second E. America and France F. he was very good at calculating（分数：2.50）(6).In Verne“s story, his spacecraft sent three men to the moon who came fr
20、om 1.（分数：2.50）(7).The speed of Apollo spacecraft was 1.（分数：2.50）(8).Verne could accurately describe the Apollo moon mission because 1.（分数：2.50）Early Ideas about the UniverseEarly man got his ideas about the universe by looking at the stars as you do. He observed carefully, and learned many things ab
21、out the sun, the moon, and the stars. Suppose you were asked to collect evidence about the sun as early man did. You might go out morning after morning and see it come up in the east. Even on cloudy mornings, you would observe that the darkness goes away and the world becomes light. You might not se
22、e the sun but would be sure it is there, because you notice that the earth warms up. As you continued, the sun climbs higher in the sky each day during part of the year. It stays in the sky longer. The earth gets warmer. Things begin to grow. It is spring and then summer. After a while the sun stays
23、 in the sky for shorter and shorter periods. Many plants begin to die. Leaves fall. Winter comes. Year after year this is repeated and you cannot tell exactly why it happens. But you realize that the sun seems to make the difference. Primitive (原始的) man felt that since the sun was so powerful it mus
24、t be a god. It may seem silly to us now to worship (崇拜) a sun-god, but primitive man was right about the importance of the sun to life on earth. You have been told that the world is round. But suppose no one had ever taught you that the world was like a huge ball. Would you have ever thought of it y
25、ourself? You cannot see the curve (曲线) of the earth at once. You would have no idea of how big it was. That“s why early man believed that the earth was small and flat. Such ideas appeared from the evidence they had. If you watch the stars night after night, you will see them rise and set. As you loo
26、k at the sky, it is not difficult to imagine that you are in the center of a vast collection of twinkling (闪烁) lights. Some early astronomers (天文学家) believed the sky was a crystal shell or series of crystal shells, one inside the other. They believed this because that is what the night sky looked li
27、ke. For many centuries, men believed that the earth was the center of the universe and that the sun, the moon, and the stars circled around it.（分数：20.00）(1).Paragraph 2 1. A. Early Ideas about the Sky and the Stars B. The Importance of the Sun to Life on Earth C. Primitive Knowledge of the Moon D. T
28、he Sun in Autumn and Winter E. Early Ideas about the Earth F. Collecting Evidence about the Sun（分数：2.50）(2).Paragraph 3 1.（分数：2.50）(3).Paragraph 4 1.（分数：2.50）(4).Paragraph 5 1.（分数：2.50）(5).Primitive man believed the sun was a god because 1. A. he did not observe the sun carefully enough B. he could
29、not see its curve C. the sun, the moon and the stars seemed to move around it D. the earth circles around the sun E. it looked like that at night F. it has power over life on earth（分数：2.50）(6).Early man thought the earth was small and flat because 1.（分数：2.50）(7).Early astronomers believed that the s
30、ky was a crystal shell or series of crystal shells because 1.（分数：2.50）(8).Early man thought the earth was the center of the universe because 1.（分数：2.50）PodcastRecently a group of second-graders visited our school library to work on a “holidays around the world“ project. The children created pictures
31、 showing holiday customs and then created voice recordings explaining what they drew. The incident showed very clearly the effectiveness of student-created voice recordings. Now imagine taking things one step further and creating Podcasts in a classroom setting. The term Podcast (播客) refers to an au
32、dio recording, linked to the Web, that can be downloaded to a personal MP3 player. The word is created from broadcast and from iPodthe wildly popular MP3 player from Apple. Using audio with students isn“t new, of course. Teachers have used audiobooks at listening centers and recorded student voice o
33、n tape or CD. Voice and music are the original media for teaching. Podcasts, however, can reach a much wider audience in a time frame outside the school days. Booktalking, an old way of getting kids excited about books, gets a tech assistance with Podcasting. Students can do some booktalking themsel
34、ves; book review Podcasts seem to be another natural way for students to share what they know, providing an alternative to the book report. There are a number of excellent reasons for using Podcasting. Teachers made audio Podcasts, including visuals or video clips for any content area instruction an
35、d review. Some teachers have begun to record themselves teaching important concepts; this creates an account of information online for kids to access when they“re stuck on a homework assignment. Audio and video files can also function as assessment tools. Imagine being a classroom teacher in Septemb
36、er who can actually hear how his or her students were reading in June the school year before. You don“t need an iPod to make a Podcast. If you have a computer, a microphone, and some free software, you can make a Podcast.（分数：20.00）(1).Paragraph 2 1. A. Reasons for the use of Podcasting B. Definition
37、 and origin of Podcast C. Importance of Podcasting at school D. Advantage of Podcasts over other audio media E. Podcastsa further step from voice recordings F. Devices needed for Podcasting（分数：2.50）(2).Paragraph 3 1.（分数：2.50）(3).Paragraph 4 1.（分数：2.50）(4).Paragraph 5 1.（分数：2.50）(5).The word Podcast
38、originates from 1. A. a TV set and a computer B. the combination of broadcast and iPod C. amuse themselves D. voice and music E. help students study at home F. a computer, a microphone, and some free software（分数：2.50）(6).According to the passage, the original media for teaching were 1.（分数：2.50）(7).T
39、eachers have begun to record themselves teaching important concepts, which can 1.（分数：2.50）(8).You can make a Podcast by employing 1.（分数：2.50）职称英语理工类 A类分类模拟题 3答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、概括大意与完成句子(总题数：5，分数：100.00)What is eco-fashion? Eco-fashion is a complex phenomenon and the common use of the term
40、covers two aspects of fashion“ecological“ and “ethical“. Ecological (生态的) fashion usually refers to textile (织物) and clothing production processes and the environmental issues surrounding them; ethical (伦理的) fashion generally relates to the working conditions involved in the producing processes. Wha
41、t are the problems with fashion? Firstly, the production of textiles pollutes the environment heavily. Cotton-planting uses pesticides; sheep-farming and wool-cleaning contribute to global warming; synthetics-making (人造纤维生产) brings about harmful waste. Secondly, every stage of clothing production ha
42、s a significant effect on the environment. They all use a great deal of energy, and some also involve harmful chemicals. In addition to this, there is a lot of waste produced in the process, especially in the form of polluted water. Thirdly, growing consumption levels and our shopping habits further
43、 worsen the bad effects. We are now buying clothes in increasing quantities without realizing the scale on which it affects natural environment, and we are also quick to throw away clothes that have been worn only a couple of times. Then, how to solve the problems? To a large degree, it is the fashi
44、on producers that really have the power and the responsibility to shape our future. There are numerous ways in which these producers can reduce their ecological footprint, from switching to green energy and reducing energy use, through selecting sustainable (可持续使用的) materials and choosing local supp
45、liers, to recycle and minimize waste. On the other hand, as consumers we can all make contributions by selecting environmentally friendly clothing and reducing clothing consumption. Now many people are beginning to shop for organic food products because the benefits of eating food free of chemicals
46、are straightforward and immediate. They relate directly to our personal health. In fact, choosing eco-fashion can also contribute to our personal health, though it is mostly done by way of keeping the health of the planet.（分数：20.00）(1).Paragraph 1 1. A. Sustainable resources B. The definition of eco
47、-fashion C. Responsibilities of fashion producers and consumers D. Clothes pollution E. Current problems with the fashion F. The way eco-fashion contribute to the human health（分数：2.50）解析：B解析 第一段主题句为第一句，其意思是：环保时尚是一种复杂的现象，它涵盖了生态时尚和伦理时尚两个方面。B 选项与其意思一致，故 B为正确答案。(2).Paragraph 2 1.（分数：2.50）解析：E解析 第二段没有主题句
48、，该段第一句是一个疑问句，提出当今时尚存在什么问题?而迅速浏览该段会发现其中的衔接词 firstly、secondly 和 thirdly，段中通过这三方面做出了回答。E 选项可以概括本段大意，故 E为正确答案。(3).Paragraph 3 1.（分数：2.50）解析：C解析 第三段没有主题句，其第一句是一个疑问句，即如何解决第二段中提出的问题。迅速浏览该段会发现其中的衔接词组 on the other hand，由此可推知该段从两方面提出了解决办法，即分别从生产商和消费者的角度出发来解决问题。C 选项与其表达一致，故 C为正确答案。(4).Paragraph 4 1.（分数：2.50）解析
49、：F解析 第四段主题句为最后一句，其意思是：实际上，环保时尚也有利于我们的身体健康，尽管大多数情况下是通过保护地球来间接保护人类自己。F 选项与其意思一致，故 F为正确答案。(5).Ethical fashion is concerned with 1. A. they are directly related to our health B. using sustainable materials C. the environmental protection D. the working conditions and producing processes E. they are more delicious than traditional food F. consuming energy and producing harmful chemicals（分数：2.50）解析：D 解析 根据题干线索词 ethical fashion定位原文至第一段最后一句 ethical(伦理的)fashion generally relates to the working conditions involved in the producing processes ，这里relate to与题干中的 be concerned with意思相符，显然这里需要添
