1、职称英语卫生类 B 级-55 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1 部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.The Unormal/U price of a ticket for an adult is $230. A. ordinary B. proper C. fair D. medium（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.We have to ask them to Uquit/U talking in order that all people present could hear us clearly. A. decrease B. c
2、ease C. continue D. keep on（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.The Klondike was the Uscene/U of one of the biggest gold rushes the world has ever known. A. location B. view C. event D. landscape（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.Of the reptile groups, the snake group was the Ufinal/U one to appear. A. last B. best C. ugliest D. lon
3、gest（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.Colleges and universities usually give diplomas or certificates to students who complete course requirements Uadequately/U. A. responsibly B. sufficiently C. patiently D. successfully（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.Will is a document written to ensure that the wishes of the deceased are Ur
4、ealized/U. A. fulfilled B. accepted C. advocated D. received（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.She has been the subject of Umassive/U media coverage. A. extensive B. negative C. expensive D. active（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.The conference Uexplored/U the possibility of closer trade links. A. rejected B. investigated C. pro
5、posed D. postponed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.What were the Ueffects/U of the decision she made? A. reasons B. results C. causes D. bases（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.The sea was calm and Ustill/U. A. quite B. quiet C. yet D. rough（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.In a bullfight, it is the movement, not the color, of objects that U
6、arouses/U the bull. A. confuses B. excites C. scares D. diverts（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.Mary Ucalled me up/U very late last night. A. shouted at me B. visited me C. telephoned me D. waked me（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.Mary Ugets up/U at the same time every morning. A. arises B. raises C. arrives D. stands up（分数：
7、1.00）A.B.C.D.14.Susan is Ulooking for/U the dictionary, which she lost yesterday. A. finding B. looking up C. looking at D. trying to find（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.All the people Uassembled/U at Marys house. A. collected B. fixed C. asserted D. assist（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、B第 2 部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Stomach
8、 ulcers are the cause of severe pain for many people. Doctors have been able to help lessen the pain of ulcers. They could not cure them. Now doctors have discovered a cause of ulcers. This means they may have found a way to cure people who suffer from the stomach pain. Studies show that ten percent
9、 of the population will develop an ulcer at some time in their life. So a possible cure is good news for many people.Ulcers are wounds in the stomach that are similar to small cuts or tearsl. These wounds can harm the tissue in the stomach2, the pipe that carries the food to the stomach or parts of
10、the small intestines. Fluids in the stomach then increase the pain of an ulcer. How does a person know he or she has an ulcer? Doctors say most people with ulcers feel a burning pain in their chest or stomach3. This pain often is called heartburn. It usually happens before eating or during the night
11、. It causes some people to lose their desire to eat, or they are unable to keep food in their stomachs. Doctors believed that ulcers were caused by unusually strong stomach fluids, which damaged stomach tissue. Now they have discovered that most ulcers are caused by a bacterial organism called Hilli
12、co Bactor Pilorie or H Pilorie. H Pilorie bacteria are what make stomach produce extra stomach fluid. Doctors found that they can kill the bacteria with medicines called antibiotics. Health experts say the discovery of a cure for ulcers can save thousands of millions of dollars in medical costs. The
13、y also believe curing ulcers will reduce the number of people who develop stomach cancer. The number of people with stomach cancer is very high in Japan, Southeast Asia and parts of Africa.Doctors say a person is more likely to get an ulcer if someone in his or her family has had one. In fact a pers
14、on with the family history of ulcers is three times more likely to get one than other people. There are ways people can protect themselves from developing an ulcer. Doctors say it is more important to reduce the amount of strong fluids in the stomach. To do this, doctors say, people should not smoke
15、 cigarettes or drink alcohol. And they say people should reduce tension in their lives.（分数：7.00）(1).In the past, doctors couldnt do anything about stomach ulcers. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Now doctors can successfully cure stomach ulcers. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mention
16、ed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Some people are likely to suffer from the stomach pain at some time in their life. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Doctors have discovered a cause of ulcers after many years of experiments. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).There has
17、 been a change in doctors understanding of the cause of stomach ulcers. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(6).Stomach ulcers can lead to stomach cancer. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(7).People who eat a lot of spicy food are also susceptible to stomach ulcers.
18、A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.三、B第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Ways to Reduce Exposure to Air Pollution1. A report published recently brings bad news about air pollution. It suggests that it could be as damaging to our health as exposure to the radiation from the 1986 Ukraine n
19、uclear power plant disaster. The report was published by the UKs Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution. But what can city people do to reduce exposure to air pollution? Quite a lot, it turns out.2. Avoid walking in busy streets. Choose side streets and parks instead. Pollution levels can fall
20、a considerable amount just by moving a few meters away from the main pollution sourceexhaust fumes (废气). Also dont walk behind smokers. Walk on the windward (顶风的) side of the street where exposure of pollutants (污染物) can be 50 percent less than on the downwind (顺风的) side.3. Sitting on the drivers si
21、de of a bus can increase your exposure by 10 percent, compared with sitting on the side nearest the pavement. Sitting upstairs on a double-decker (双层电车) can reduce exposure. It is difficult to say whether traveling on an underground train is better or worse than taking the bus. Air pollution on unde
22、rground trains tends to be less toxic (有毒的) than that at street level, because underground pollution is mostly made up of tiny iron particles (粒子) thrown up by wheels hitting the rails, while diesel (柴油机) and petrol fumes have a mixture of pollutants.4. When you are crossing a road, stand well back
23、from the curb (路缘) while you wait for the light to change. Every meter really does count when you are close to traffic. As the traffic begins to move, fumes can be reduced in just a few seconds. So holding your breath for just a moment can make a difference, even though it might sound silly.5. There
24、 are large sudden pollution increases during rush hours. Pollution levels fall during nighttime. The time of year also makes a big difference. Pollution levels tend to be at their lowest during spring and autumn when winds are freshest. Extreme cold or hot weather has a trapping effect and tends to
25、cause a build-up of pollutants.（分数：8.00）(1).A. Where you stand while waiting to cross B. Where you walk C. Where you sit on a bus D. When you go to bed E. When pollution levels rise F. When you get up Paragraph 2 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).
26、Paragraph 5 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).A. during rush hours B. in spring and autumn C. to toxic air D. between autumn and winter E. as exposure to nuclear radiation F. on the downwind side Air pollution can be as harmful to ones health _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).Traveling on an underground train can reduce exp
27、osure _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).Pollution levels are lower _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).Its wise to stay away from heavy traffic _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4 部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、B第一篇/B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Physical ExerciseDeclaring that physical exercise is one of the most powerful medicines to help improve our q
28、uality of life is not an exaggeration. The World Health Organization expressed the same view in its 2002 World Health Report, emphasizing that the damage produced by lack of physical activity was equal to the strong probability of serious illness such as heart disease and even some kinds of cancer.T
29、hose who have embraced an active lifestyle for years are familiar with the sort of physical and psychological benefits that come from exercise. Nevertheless a lot of people would never think of physical activity as a way of feeling better, simply because they dont think they are in need of it, or be
30、cause they are lazy or maintain that they havent got enough time.There are many positive effects that result from physical exercise and they are not only concerned with the physical aspects but also psychological and social ones.Beginning with the physical benefits, physical activity improves the li
31、fe of the heart, burns off fat, lowers high blood pressure, makes tissues more resistant, and increases muscle flexibility and joint mobility.On a psychological level, physical activity helps reduce anxiety and stress by causing tension to disappear and by encouraging us to have a better sense of ou
32、rselves through listening to our bodies during movement.Lastly, seeing ourselves in better health is advantageous socially. The sense of satisfaction thus obtained will result in an increase of self-respect and self-confidence in terms of our ability to interact with others.The benefits linked to ex
33、ercise have also not gone unnoticed in the business world, with more and more companies setting up gyms on-site. Employees improved health translates into better performance and reduced costs as well as an increase in peoples satisfaction in the work place. Physical activity is recommended for all a
34、ge groups, including children. It is an important growth factor in a childs education.And for the elderly? There is no doubt that regular physical activity allows greater efficiency in daily life as well as creating more basic independence day by day, including the possibility of keeping in touch wi
35、th others and not feeling isolated.（分数：15.00）(1).The writer regards physical exercise as a strong medicine because _. A. the WHO holds the view B. it helps improve the quality of life C. the lack of it equals serious illness D. it enables people to live longer（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Many people do not
36、engage in physical exercise mainly because _. A. they are not aware of its benefits B. they dont have the facilities C. they dont think they need it D. they are physically unfit for it（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).According to the passage, physical exercise can make people _. A. stronger and more intelligent
37、 B. more intelligent and more open-minded C. more open-minded and healthier D. healthier and stronger（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Physical exercise is socially beneficial because _. A. it gives people competitive advantage B. it helps people reduce anxiety C. it enables employees to work better for their co
38、mpany D. it makes people confident-in dealing with others（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).According to the passage, regular physical exercise can make old people _. A. better able to look after themselves B. look younger than they really are C. less likely to suffer from diseases D. more aggressive in their int
39、eraction with others（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.六、B第二篇/B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Diabetes (糖尿病) and Eye DamageOver 2 million Canadians have diabetes. It is the leading cause of blindness in North Americans under 65 years of age. Diabetes is a condition where the body either cannot produce enough insulin (胰岛素) or cannot
40、 respond properly to insulin. Insulin is important because it moves glucose (葡萄糖), a simple sugar, into the bodys cells from the blood. The food people eat provides the body with glucose, which is used by the cells as a source of energy. If insulin isnt available or doesnt work correctly to move glu
41、cose from the blood into the cells, glucose will stay in the blood, leading to high blood sugar levels.High blood sugar levels damage the blood vessels, including the tiny blood vessels in the eye. This leads to an eye disease known as diabetic retinopathy (糖尿病型视网膜病). The retina (视网膜) is an area at
42、the back of the eye that changes light into nerve signals. With diabetic retinopathy, some blood vessels in the retina are lost, and some of the other blood vessels begin to “leak“ blood. This causes the retina to swell, and gradually cuts off its supply of oxygen and nutrients (滋养物). Eventually, th
43、e retina starts to grow new blood vessels to replace the damaged ones. Unfortunately, these new vessels are not as strong as the old ones. They are more likely to break, Causing bleeding in the eye.At first, people with diabetic retinopathy will not notice any symptoms. As the disease gets worse, th
44、ey may notice blurred (模糊的) vision, black spots or flashing lights. As time goes on, it can progress to blindness. Everyone with diabetes is at risk for diabetic retinopathy, and the risk increases the longer youve had diabetes.Fortunately, you can reduce your risk. If you do not have diabetes, but
45、think you may be at risk for this condition, visit your doctor to be screened for diabetes. If you do have diabetes: have frequent eye check-ups.Make sure that you monitor your blood sugar frequently and use your medications as recommended by your doctor. There is evidence to show that keeping your
46、blood sugar under tight control can slow down eye damage.If you have high blood pressure, follow your recommended diet and medications to keep it under control. If you are not sure whether you have high blood pressure, or whether your blood pressure is under control, discuss this with your doctor.（分
47、数：15.00）(1).Glucose cannot be turned into energy in the body _. A. without diabetes B. without sugar C. without insulin D. without food（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The word “its“ in the second paragraph refers to _. A. “the nerves“ B. “the bloods“ C. “the eyes“ D. “the retinas“（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).With diabetic retinopathy, the damaged blood vessels in the retina _. A. are stronger than what they used to be B. cannot be properly replaced C. are more likely to break than the new ones D. may return to normal again（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The worst eye damage induced by diabete
