1、职称英语卫生类 B 级-51 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1 部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Relief workers were Ushocked/U by what they saw. A.moved B.touched C.surprised D.worried（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.We have to Uput up with/U her behavior. A.tolerate B.accept C.swallow D.take（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.They have Ugiven up/U
2、 the hope to save their friend from drowning. A.ended B.abandoned C.built D.strengthened（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.I Useldom/U watch TV. A.rarely B.frequently C.normally D.occasionally（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.The dentist has decided to Utake out/U the girls bad tooth. A.dig B.draw C.pull D.extract（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D
3、.6.He was not Ueligible/U for the examination because he was over age. A.competitive B.diligent C.qualified D.competent（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.Her novel Udepicts/U an ambitious Chinese. A.writes B.sketches C.describes D.indicates（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.Dont Uirritate/U hershes on a short fuse today. A.tease B
4、.attract C.annoy D.protect（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.It is Uabsurd/U to go out in such terrible weather. A.ridiculous B.funny C.odd D.interesting（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.I Unotified/U him that my address had changed. A.informed B.observed C.mocked D.misled（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.The room was Ufurnished/U with the si
5、mplest essentials: a bed, a chair, and a table. A.supplied B.gathered C.grasped D.made（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.The local government decided to Umerge/U the two firms into a big one. A.motivate B.combine C.compact D.nominate（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.He emphasized a Ufeasible/U plan which can be accepted by the
6、both sides. A.favorable B.possible C.formal D.genuine（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.When does the next train Udepart/U? A.pull up B.pull down C.pull out D.pull in（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.Because Uadministering/U the whole company, he sometimes has to work around the clock. A.adjusting B.evaluating C.engaging D.mana
7、ging（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、B第 2 部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Stomach UlcerStomach ulcers are the cause of severe pain for many people. Doctors have been able to help lessen the pain of ulcers, but they could not cure them. Now doctors have discovered a cause of ulcers. This means they may have found a way to
8、 cure people who suffer from the stomach pain. Studies show that ten percent of the population will develop an ulcer at some time in their life. So a possible cure is good news for many people.Ulcers are wounds in the stomach that are similar to small cuts or tears. These wounds can harm the tissue
9、in the stomach, the pipe that carries the food to the stomach or parts of the small intestines. Fluids in the stomach then increase the pain of an ulcer. How does a person know he or she has an ulcer? Doctors say most people with ulcers feel a burning pain in their chest or stomach. This pain is oft
10、en called heart burn. It usually happens before eating or during the night. It causes some people to lose their desire to eat, or they are unable to keep food in their stomachs. Doctors believed that stomach ulcers were caused by unusually strong stomach fluids, which damaged stomach tissue. Now the
11、y have discovered that most stomach ulcers are caused by a bacterial organism called Hillico Bactor Pilorie or HPillorie. HPillorie bacteria are what make stomach produce extra stomach fluid. Doctors found that they can kill the bacteria with medicines called antibiotics. Health experts say the disc
12、overy of a cure for stomach ulcers can save thousands of millions of dollars in medical costs. They also believe curing stomach ulcers will reduce the number of people who develop stomach cancer. The number of people with stomach cancer is very high in Japan, Southeast Asia and parts of Africa.Docto
13、rs say a person is more likely to get an stomach ulcer if his or her family has had one. In fact, a person with the family history of stomach ulcers is three times more likely to get one than other people. There are ways people can protect themselves from developing an stomach ulcer. Doctors say it
14、is more important to reduce the amount of strong fluids in the stomach. To do this, doctors say, people should not smoke cigarettes or drink alcohol. And they say people should reduce tension in their lives.（分数：7.00）(1).In the past, doctors could not do anything about stomach ulcers. A.Right B.Wrong
15、 C.Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Now doctors can successfully cure stomach ulcers. A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Some people are likely to suffer from the stomach pain at some time in their life. A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Doctors have discovered a
16、cause of stomach ulcers after many years of experiments. A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).There has been a change in doctors understanding of the cause of stomach ulcer. A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(6).Stomach ulcer can lead to stomach cancer. A.Right B.Wrong C
17、.Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(7).People who eat a lot of spicy food are susceptible to stomach ulcers. A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.三、B第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Parkinsons Disease1. Parkinsons disease affects the way you move. It happens when there is a problem with certain
18、 nerve cells in the brain. Normally, these nerve cells make an important chemical called dopamine. Dopamine sends signals to the part of your brain that controls movement. It lets your muscles move smoothly and do what you want them to do. When you have Parkinsons, these nerve ceils break down. Then
19、 you no longer have enough dopamine, and you have trouble moving the way you want to.2. No one knows for sure what makes these nerve cells break down. But scientists are doing a lot of research to look for the answer. They are studying many possible causes, including aging and poisons in the environ
20、ment. Abnormal genes seem to lead to Parkinsons disease in some people. But so far, there is not enough proof to show that it is always inherited.3. Tremor may be the first symptom you notice. It is one of the most common signs of the disease, although not everyone has it. More importantly, not ever
21、yone with a tremor has Parkinsons disease. Tremor often starts in just one arm or leg or only on one side of the body. It may be worse when you are awake but not moving the affected arm or leg. It may get better when you move the limb or you are asleep. In time, Parkinsons affects muscles all throug
22、h your body, so it can lead to problems like trouble swallowing or constipation. In the later stages of the disease, a person with Parkinsons may have a fixed or blank expression, trouble speaking, and other problems. Some people also have a decrease in mental skills (dementia).4. At this time, ther
23、e is no cure for Parkinsons disease. But there are several types of medicines that can control the symptoms and make the disease easier to live with. You may not even need treatment if your symptoms are mild. Your doctor may wait to prescribe medicines until your symptoms start to get in the way of
24、your daily life. Your doctor will adjust your medicines as your symptoms get worse. You may need to take several medicines to get the best results.ATips for Patients with the DiseaseBCommon Treatment for the DiseaseCMeans of Diagnosis of the DiseaseDTypical Symptoms of the DiseaseEPossible Causes of
25、 the DiseaseFDefinition of Parkinsons Disease（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 1 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 2 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 3 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 4 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Aif there isnt enough dopamine in your body Bwhat affects muscles all through your body Cwhich cannot be c
26、ured yet Dif you have a fixed or blank expression Ewhich may be the first symptom you notice Fwhat causes Parkinsons disease Youll find it hard to move the way you want to _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).A lot of research is being done to find out _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).One of the most common signs of Parkinso
27、ns is tremor _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).A person with Parkinsons has to learn to live with the disease, _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4 部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、B第一篇/B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Medicine Award Kicks off Nobel Prize AnnouncementsTwo scientists who have won praise for research into the growth of cancer cell
28、s could be candidates for the Nobel Prize in medicine when the 2008 winners are presented on Monday, kicking off six days of Nobel announcements.Australian-born U.S. citizen Elizabeth Blackburn and American Carol Greider have already won a series of medical honors for their enzyme research and exper
29、ts say they could be among the front-runners for Nobel.Only seven women have won the medicine prize since the first Nobel Prizes were handed out in 1901. The last female winner was U.S. researcher Linda Buck in 2004, who shared the prize with Richard Axel.Among the pairs possible rivals are Frenchma
30、n Pierre Chambon and Americans Ronald Evans and Elwood Jensen, who opened up the field of studying proteins called nuclear hormone receptors.As usual, the award committee is giving no hints about who is in the running before presenting its decision in a news conference at Stockholms Karolinska Insti
31、tute.Alfred Nobel, the Swede who invented dynamite, established the prizes in his will in the categories of medicine, physics, chemistry, literature and peace. The economics prize is technically not a Nobel but a 1968 creation of Swedens central bank.Nobel left few instructions on how to select winn
32、ers, but medicine winners are typically awarded for a specific breakthrough rather than a body of research.Hans Jornvall, secretary of the medicine prize committee, said the 10 million kronor (US $1.3 million) prize encourages groundbreaking research but he did not think winning it was the primary g
33、oal for scientists.“Individual researchers probably dont look at themselves as potential Nobel Prize winners when theyre at work,“ Jornvall told The Associated Press. “They get their kicks from their research and their interest in how life functions.“In 2006, Blackburn, of the University of Californ
34、ia, San Francisco, and Greider, of Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, shared the Lasker prize for basic medical research with Jack Szostak of Harvard Medical School. Their work set the stage for research suggesting that cancer cells use telomerase to sustain their uncontrolled growth.（分数：15.00）(
35、1).Who is Not a likely candidate for this years Nobel Prize in medicine? A.Elizabeth Blackburn. B.Carol Greider. C.Linda Buck. D.Pierre Chambon.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which is NOT true of Alfred Nobel? A.He was from Sweden. B.He was the inventor of dynamite. C.He established the prizes in his will. D.
36、He gave clear instructions on how to select winners.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which was NOT originally one of the Nobel Prizes? A.The medicine prize. B.The literature prize. C.The peace prize. D.The economics prize.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The word “kicks“ in Line 6 from the bottom probably means _. A.excite
37、ment B.income C.motivation D.knowledge（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The research by Blackburn and Greider helps suggest the role of _. A.money in medical research B.proteins in cancer treatment C.hormones in the functioning of life D.telomerase in the growth of cancer cells（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.六、B第二篇/B(总题数：1，分数：
38、15.00)Obesity: the Scourge of the Western WorldObesity is rapidly becoming a new scourge of the western world, delegates agreed at the 11th European Conference on the issue in Vienna Wednesday to Saturday. According to statements before the opening of the conferenceof 2,000 specialists from more tha
39、n 50 countries1.2 billion people worldwide are overweight, and 250 million are obese.Professor Bernhard Ludvik of Vienna General Hospital said: “Obesity is a chronic illness. In Germany, 20 percent of the people are already affected, but in Japan only one percent.“ But he said that there was hope fo
40、r sufferers thanks to the new scientific discoveries and medication.Professor Friedrich Hopichler of Salzberg said. “We are living in the new age (but) with the metabolism of a stone-age man.“ “I have just been to the United States. It is really terrible. A pizza shop is springing up on every corner
41、. We have been overrun by fast food and Coca-Cola-ization.“Many of the experts stressed that obesity was a potential killer. Hopichler said: “80 percent of all diabetics are obese, also 50 percent of all patients with high blood pressure and 50 percent with adipose tissue complaints.“ “10 percent mo
42、re weight means 13 percent more risk of heart disease. Reducing ones weight by 10 percent leads to 13 percent lower blood pressure.“Another expert Hermann Toplak said that the state health services should improve their financing of preventive programs. “Though the health insurance pays for surgery (
43、such as reducing the size of the stomach) when the body-mass index is more than 40. That is equivalent to a weight of 116 kilograms for a height of 1.70 meters. One should start earlier.“Ludvik said that prevention should begin in school. “Child obesity (fat deposits) correlates with the time which
44、children spend in front of TV sets.“The consequences were only apparent later on. No more than 15 percent of obese people lived to the average life expectancy for their population group.（分数：15.00）(1).It is estimated that there are _ people suffering from obesity in the world. A.250,000,000 B.1,200,0
45、00,000 C.1,450,000,000 D.950,000,000（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).It seems that the _ people are least affected by obesity among the developed countries and areas mentioned in the passage. A.European B.German C.American D.Japanese（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which of the following is most often accompanied by obesit
46、y? A.High blood pressure. B.Fatty tissue complaints. C.Diabetes. D.Stomach-ache.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What is the correlation between body weight and heart disease and blood pressure? A.10 percent less body weight means 10 percent less risk of heart disease and high blood pressure. B.13 percent more
47、body weight means 10 percent more risk of heart disease and high blood pressure. C.The more body weight one gains, the more risk of heart disease and high blood pressure he has. D.The less body weight one gains, the more risk of heart disease and the less risk of high blood pressure he has.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).From Paragraph 6 we may infer that one of the effective measures suggested by Ludvik to prevent children from being obese would be _. A.not to permit them to watch TV at all B.to tell them to spend less time watching TV C.to turn off TV when
