1、职称英语卫生类 B 级-50 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1 部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Loud noises can be Uannoying/U. A.hateful B.painful C.horrifying D.irritating（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree to which they can be Udeliberately/U controlled and modifie
2、d. A.sufficiently B.noticeably C.intentionally D.absolutely（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.His description was pretty Uvague/U. A.imprecise B.concise C.unpolished D.elementary（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.The expedition reached the Usummit/U at 10.30 that morning. A.top of the mountain B.bottom of the mountain C.starting p
3、oint D.site（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.The latest Ucensus/U is encouraging. A.count B.statement C.agreement D.estimate（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.Academic records from other institutions often become part of a universitys official file and can neither be returned to a student nor Uduplicated/U. A.borrowed B.purchased
4、 C.copied D.rewritten（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.Chemical weapons are Ubanned/U internationally. A.listed B.forbided C.handled D.investigated（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.Online gambling is Ulawful/U in Nevada. A.legal B.irresistible C.enjoyable D.profitable（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.They always Umock/U me because I am ugly. A
5、.smile at B.look down on C.belittle D.laugh at（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.These are our Umotives/U for doing it. A.reasons B.arguments C.targets D.stimulus（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.Many students were absent, Unotably/U the monitor. A.noticeably B.remarkably C.particularly D.significantly（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.Dont U
6、omit/U this paragraph when you write your report. A.forget B.fail C.delete D.leave out（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.Many of their ideas are being incorporated into Uorthodox/U medical treatment. A.acceptable B.conservative C.western D.conventional（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.Charges for local telephone calls are Uoutr
7、ageous/U. A.unheard of B.unacceptable C.unbelievable D.ridiculous（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.Guests were Uscared/U when the bomb exploded. A.frightened B.killed C.endangered D.rescued（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、B第 2 部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Moderate Earthquake Strikes EnglandA moderate earthquake struck parts of sout
8、heast England on 28 April 2007, toppling chimneys from houses and rousing residents from their beds. Several thousand people were left without power in Kent County. One woman suffered minor head and neck injuries.“It felt as if the whole house was being slid across like a fun-fair ride,“ said the wo
9、man.The British Geological Survey said the 4.3-magnitude quake struck at 8:19 a.m. and was centered under the English Channel, about 8.5 miles south of Dover and near the entrance to the Channel Tunnel.Witnesses said cracks appeared in walls and chimneys collapsed across the county. Residents said t
10、he tremor had lasted for about 10 to 15 seconds.“I was lying in bed and it felt as if someone had just got up from bed next to me,“ said Hendrick van Eck, 27, of Canterbury about 60 miles southeast of London. “I then heard the sound of cracking, and it was getting heavier and heavier. It felt as if
11、someone was at the end of my bed hopping up and down.“There are thousands of moderate quakes on this scale around the world each year, but they are rare in Britain. The April 28 quake was the strongest in Britain since 2002 when a 4.8-magnitude quake struck the central England city of Birmingham.The
12、 countrys strongest earthquake took place in the North Sea in 1931, measuring 6.1 on the Richter scale. British Geological Survey scientist Roger Musson said the quake took place on 28 April in an area that had seen several of the biggest earthquakes ever to strike Britain, including one in 1580 tha
13、t caused damage in London and was felt in France. Musson predicted that it was only a matter of time before another earthquake struck this part of England. However, people should not be scared too much by this prediction, Musson said, as the modern earthquake warning system of Britain should be able
14、 to detect a forthcoming quake and announce it several hours before it takes place. This would allow time for people to evacuate and reduce damage to the minimum.（分数：7.00）(1).During the April 28 earthquake, the whole England was left without power. A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2)
15、.The Channel Tunnel was closed for 10 hours after the earthquake occurred. A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).It was reported that one lady had got her head and neck injured, but not seriously. A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).France and several other European cou
16、ntries sent their medical teams to work side by side with the British doctors. A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The countrys strongest earthquake took place in London in 1580. A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(6).Musson predicted that another earthquake would occur
17、in southeast England sooner or later. A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(7).It can be inferred from the passage that England is rarely hit by high magnitude earthquakes. A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.三、B第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)More Than 8 Hours Sleep Too Much o
18、f a Good Thing1. Although the dangers of too little sleep are widely known, new research suggests that people who sleep too much may also suffer the consequences.2. Investigators at the University of California in San Diego found that people who clock up 9 or 10 hours each weeknight appear to have m
19、ore trouble falling and staying asleep, as well as a number of other sleep problems, than people who sleep 8 hours a night. People who slept only 7 hours each night also said they had more trouble falling asleep and feeling refreshed after a nights sleep than 8-hour sleepers.3. These findings, which
20、 Dr. Daniel Kripke reported in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine, demonstrate that people who want to get a good nights rest may not need to set aside more than 8 hours a night. He added that “it might be a good idea“ for people who sleep more than 8 hours each night to consider reducing the amount
21、 of time they spend in bed, but cautioned that more research is needed to confirm this.4. Previous studies have shown the potential dangers of chronic shortages of sleepfor instance, one report demonstrated that people who habitually sleep less than 7 hours each night have a higher risk of dying wit
22、hin a fixed period than people who sleep more.5. For the current report, Kripke reviewed the responses of 1,004 adults to sleep questionnaires, in which participants indicated how much they slept during the week and whether they experienced any sleep problems. Sleep problems included waking in the m
23、iddle of the night, arising early in the morning and being unable to fall back to sleep, and having fatigue interfere with clay-to-day functioning.6. Kripke found that people who slept between 9 and 10 hours each night were more likely to report experiencing each sleep problem than people who slept
24、8 hours. In an interview, Kripke noted that long sleepers may struggle to get rest at night simply because they spend too much time in bed. As evidence, he added that one way to help insomnia is to spend less time in bed. “It stands to reason that if a person spends too long a time in bed, then they
25、ll spend a higher percentage of time awake,“ he said.AKripkes Research ToolBDangers of Habitual Shortages of SleepCCriticism on Kripkes ReportDA Way of Overcoming InsomniaESleep Problems of Long and Short SleepersFClassification of Sleep Problems（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 2 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragra
26、ph 4 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 5 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 6 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Afall asleep again Bbecome more energetic the following day Csleep less than 7 hours Dconfirm those serious consequences Esuffer sleep problems Fsleep more than 8 hours To get a good nights rest, people ma
27、y not need to _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).Long sleepers are reported to be more likely to _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).One of the sleep problems is waking in the middle of the night, unable to _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).One survey showed that people who habitually _ each night have a higher risk of dying.（分数：1.00）填空项
28、 1:_四、B第 4 部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、B第一篇/B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Stress Level Tied to Education LevelPeople with less education suffer fewer stressful days, according to a report in the current issue of the Journal of Health and Social Behavior.However, the study also found that when less-educated people
29、did suffer stress it was more severe and had a larger impact on their health.From this, researchers have concluded that the day-to-day factors that cause stress are not random. Where you are in society determines the kinds of problems that you have each day, and how well you will cope with them.The
30、research team interviewed a national sample of 1,031 adults daily for eight days about their stress level and health. People without a high school diploma reported stress on 30 percent of the study days, people with a high school degree reported stress 38 percent of the time, and people with college
31、 degrees reported stress 44 percent of the time.“Less advantaged people are less healthy on a daily basis and are more likely to have downward turns in their health,“ lead researcher Dr. Joseph Grzywacz, of Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center, said in a prepared statement. “The downward tu
32、rns in health were connected with daily stressors and the effect of daily stressors on their health is much more devastating for the less advantaged.“Grzywacz suggested follow-up research to determine why less-educated people report fewer days of stress when it is known their stress is more acute an
33、d chronic.“If something happens every day, maybe its not seen as a stressor,“ Grzywacz says. “Maybe it is just life.“（分数：15.00）(1).Stress level is closely related to _. A.family size B.social status C.body weight D.work experience（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The 1,031 adults were interviewed _. A.on a daily
34、 basis for 8 days B.during one of eight days C.all by Grzywacz D.in groups（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which group reported the biggest number of stressful days? A.People without any education. B.People without high school degrees. C.People with high school degrees. D.People with college degrees.（分数：3.00）A.
35、B.C.D.(4).The less advantaged people are, the greater _. A.the impact of stress on their health is B.the effect of education on their health is C.the level of their education is D.the degree of their health concern is（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Less-educated people report fewer days of stress possibly beca
36、use _. A.they dont want to tell the truth B.they dont want to face the truth C.stress is too common a factor in their life D.their stress is more acute（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.六、B第二篇/B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A TripEvery year New Zealanders living in London can be seen loading up Kombi vans and heading off to experi
37、ence the “classic European holiday“. The trip usually starts in the north of France, after crossing the channel from Dover in England to Calais, driving down through France, over the Pyrenees into Spain, west into Portugal and then across the Continent to Italy and often beyond.There are numerous re
38、asons young New Zealanders take this rite of passageas well as seeing all the fantastic sights and tasting the delights of Europes food and wine, its relatively inexpensive. The Kombi is transport and accommodation all in one, cutting down significantly on costs.There is just one problem. As the Kom
39、bis become “antique“, these trips are usually punctuated with numerous roadside sessions as the van sits idle, in no hurry to start, while you swelter in the hot sun. But do not let this deter you. Travelling Europe in your own vehicle means no public transport schedules to cramp your style, the abi
40、lity to explore the quaint, off-the-beaten-track villages where the “real“ locals live, freedom to not have to book accommodation in advanceyou can nearly always get a campsite and can load your vehicle with cheap, fantastic regional wines and souvenirs. With these bonuses in mind, here are some sug
41、gestions for planning the great Europe road adventure. The key to a pleasurable driving experience is a good navigator and a driver with a cool head. If you do not feel relaxed driving around New Zealands cities and highways, then you probably will not enjoy driving around Europe. As copilot to the
42、driver, you need to read (and understand) maps, look out for turn-offs and keep the music playing. Language is not a big problem once a few essential terms are mastered. The biggest challenge is in the cities, where traffic can be chaotic and elaborate one-way systems and narrow, cobbled alleyways c
43、an make finding your destination hard work. It can be easier to leave the vehicle on the outskirts of town or in a camping ground and use public transport. This also avoids paying for costly parking.（分数：15.00）(1).According to the passage, the trip usually starts in _. A.France B.England C.Spain D.It
44、aly（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The word “Kombi“ in Paragraph 1 most probably means _. A.the name of the trip B.the friend going with you C.the brand of the van D.the name of a hotel（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).In the sentence “its relatively inexpensive.“ (Paragraph 2), “it“ most probably refers _. A.the trip B.th
45、e transportation C.the accommodation D.the food and wine（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What is the biggest trouble? A.The Kombis become too old. B.Language. C.People may not enjoy the driving experience. D.Finding ones destination is hard for the busy traffic in cities.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).What is the nationa
46、lity of the target readers? A.New Zealand. B.England. C.France. D.Spain.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.七、B第三篇/B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)HackThe first big-name hackers include Steve Wozniak, Bill Gates and Linus Torvalds, all now highly recognizable names behind many of the computer technologies used today. These early hac
47、kers had a love of technology and a compelling need to know how it all worked, and their goal was to push programs beyond what they were designed to do. Back then, the word “hacker“ didnt have the negative connotation it has today. The original hacker ethic, rooted out of simple curiosity and a need to be challenged, appears to be dead.The objectives of early hackers are a far cry from the goals of todays hacker. The motivation of the new breed of hackers appears not to be curiosity, or a hunger for knowledge, as it used to be. Inste
