1、职称英语卫生类 B级-46 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.He made a great show of reluctance, but finally accepted my offer.A. emotion B. unwillingness C. anger D. postpone（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.The boy is too young to discriminate right from wrong.A. infer B. access C. distinguish D. reco
2、gnize（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.About one million Americans are diagnosed annually with skin cancer.A. every year B. severelyC. actively D. every month（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.She always finds fault with everything.A. simplifies B. criticizes C. evaluates D. examines（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.There is no risk to public h
3、ealth.A. point B. dangerC. chance D. hope（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.Smoking is not permitted in the office.A. probable B. possible C. admitted D. allowed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.Norman Blarney is an artist of deep convictions.A. statements B. beliefsC. suggestions D. claims（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.These are defensive b
4、ehavior patterns which derive from our fears.A. stem B. rely C. develop D. grow（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.Theodere Dreiser was one of the first American novelists to portray immoral characters without condemnation.A. hostility B. sadness C. blame D. pity（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.Both princes gave up earthly wealt
5、h and power for the spiritual life.A. announced B. renounced C. denounced D. pronounced（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.It is obvious that he will win the game.A. likely B. possibleC. clear D. strange（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.The steadily rising cost of labor on the waterfront has greatly increased the cost of shippin
6、g cargo by water.A. gradually B. suddenlyC. excessively D. exceptionally（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.Have you talked to her lately?A. lastly B. finallyC. shortly D. recently（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.That guy is intelligent but a bit dull. A. strange B. special C. quiet D. boring（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.The poet William
7、 Carlos Williams was a New Jersey physician.A. doctor B. professor C. physicist D. resident（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)BacteriaBacteria are extremely small living things. While we measure our own sizes in inches or centimeters, bacterial size is measured in microns. One micron is a t
8、housand of a millimeter: a pinhead is about a millimeter across. Rod-shaped bacteria are usually from two to four microns long, while rounded ones are generally one micron in diameter. Thus if you enlarged a rounded bacterium a thousand times, it would be just about the size of a pinhead. An adult h
9、uman magnified by the same amount would be over a mile (1. 6 kilometers) tall. Even with an ordinary microscope, you must look closely to see bacteria. Using a magnification of 100 times, one finds that bacteria are barely visible as tiny rods or dots. One cannot make out anything of their structure
10、. Using special stains, one can see that some bacteria have attached to them wavy-looking “ hairs“ called flagella. Others have only one flagellum. The flagella rotate, pushing the bacteria through the water. Many bacteria lack flagella and cannot move about by their own power, while others can glid
11、e along over surfaces by some little-understood mechanism. From the bacterial point of view, the world is a very different place from what it is to humans. To a bacterium water is as thick as molasses is to us. Bacteria are so small that they are influenced by the movements of the chemical molecules
12、 around them. Bacteria under the microscope, even those with no flagella, often bounce about in the water. This is because they collide with the water molecules and are pushed this way and that. Molecules move so rapidly that within a tenth of a second the molecules around a bacterium have all been
13、replaced by new ones; even bacteria without flagella are thus constantly exposed to a changing environment.（分数：7.00）(1).Bacteria are extremely small and its size is measured in microns. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(2).Rod-shaped bacteria are smaller than the rounded ones. A. Rig
14、ht B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(3).Its hard to see bacteria clearly even with an ordinary microscope. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(4).All the bacteria have more than one flagellum. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(5).People have done a lot of researc
15、h on the mechanism which makes some bacteria move. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(6).Bacteria bounce in the water, because they clash with water molecules. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(7).Bacteria are harmful for our health. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（
16、分数：1.00）A.B.C.三、第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Many Benefit from Cancer Organization1. Do you know a child who survived leukemia? Do you have a mother, sister or aunt whose breast cancer was found early thanks to a mammogram? Do you have a friend or coworker who quit smoking to reduce their risk of l
17、ung cancer? Each of these individuals benefited from the American Cancer Societys research program.2. Each day scientists supported by the American Cancer Society work to find breakthroughs that will take us one step closer to a cure. The American Cancer Society has long recognized that research hol
18、ds the ultimate answers to the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of cancer.3. As the largest source of nonprofit cancer research funds in the United States, the American Cancer Society devotes over $100 million each year to research. Since 1946, theyve invested more than $2.4 billion in research.
19、The investment has paid rich dividends: In 1946, only one in four cancer patients was alive five years after diagnosis; today 60 percent live longer than five years.4. Investigators and health professionals in universities, research institutes and hospitals throughout the country receive grants from
20、 the American Cancer Society. Of the more than 1,300 new applications received each year, only 11 percent can be funded. If the American Cancer Society had more money available for research funding, nearly 200 more applications considered outstanding could be funded each year.5. You can help fund mo
21、re of these applications by participating in the American Cancer Society Relay for Life, a team event to fight cancer. More funding means more cancer breakthroughs and more lives being saved. To learn more, call Donna Hood, chair with the Neosho Relay for Life of the American Cancer Society at 451-4
22、880.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 2 _A What Could Be Done with More MoneyB Establishment of the American Cancer SocietyC Significance of Funded ResearchD Other Sources of Funding for Cancer ResearchE Benefits Achieved Through InvestmentF How You Can Offer Help（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1
23、:_(3).Paragraph 4 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).The American Cancer Societys research program has benefited _.A lack of fundingB many cancer patientsC more lives being savedD more than five yearsE the ultimate answersF more funding（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).The survival period for 6
24、0% of cancer patients today is _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).Many outstanding applications are turned down each year for _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).More cancer breakthroughs can be made with _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Look After Your VoiceOften speakers at a meeting experie
25、nce dry mouths and ask for a glass of water. You can solve the problem by activating the saliva in you mouth. First gently bite the edges of your tongue with your teeth. Or press your entire tongue to the bottom of your mouth and hold it there until the saliva flow. Or you can imagine that you are s
26、licing a big juicy lemon and sucking the juice.Before you begin your talk, be kind to your voice. Avoid milk or creamy drinks which coat your throat. Keep your throat wet by drinking a little sweetened warm tea or diluted fruit juice.If you sense that your are losing your voice, stop talking complet
27、ely. Save your voice for your speech. You may feel foolish using paper to write notes, but the best thing you can do is to rest your voice. If you need to see a doctor, perhaps you can get some advice from a professional singer. In the meantime, do not even talk in a low voice.What about drinking al
28、cohol to wet your throat? I advice you not to touch alcohol before speaking. The problem with alcohol is that one drink gives you a little confidence. The second drink gives you even more confidence. Finally you will feel all-powerful and you will feel you can do everything, but in fact your brain a
29、nd your mouth do not work together properly. Save the alcohol until after you finish speaking.Perhaps you want to accept the advice, but you may wonder if you can ever change the habits of a lifetime. Of course you can. Goethe, who lived before indoor skating rinks or swimming pools, said, “We learn
30、 to skate in the summer and swim in the winter. “Take this message to heart and give yourself time to develop your new habits. If you are willing to change, you will soon be able to say that you will never forget these techniques because they became a part of your body.（分数：15.00）(1).All the followin
31、g are mentioned in the passage about how to solve the problem of dry mouths EXCEPT _.A. to bite the edges of your tongueB. to ask for a glass of waterC. to imagine you are having a sour fruitD. to take cool milk（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What does the writer suggest when you feel you are losing your voice
32、? _A. Rest your voice.B. Drink some alcohol.C. Ask a singer to teach you how to protect your voice.D. Never go to see a doctor.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What is the writers advice about alcohol before you give a speech? _A. Drink a little of it to feel all-powerful.B. Dont drink it.C. Dilute it with wate
33、r.D. Drink it two hours beore you make a speech.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What did Goethe say about skating and swimming? _A. He said people could learn to skate when it was hot and swim when it was cold.B. He said people could learn to skate and swim when it was hot.C. He said people could learn to skat
34、e and swim when it was cold.D. He said people could learn to skate when it was cold and swim when it was hot.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Why does the writer cite Goethes advice? _A. To encourage one to go in for sports.B. To tell that Goethe had a strong willpower.C. To prove one can change ones habits.D.
35、To demonstrate Goethe was creative.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A Desert Between Paul and ClaraPaul had long promised to marry Clara. But at thirty?thee he met and married Alice. Clara was driven mad. Paul was taken to court. The judge ordered him to pay Clara$600 because of the broken prom
36、ise. Paul had to borrow the money from a moneylender. He agreed to pay back$5 a monthfor twenty years. His wages at the time were $16 a month. Paul and Alice were poor but not unhappy. They had little enough food, certainly, even before the children began to arrive. Each month Paul paid$5 to the mon
37、eylender. He worked hard, never taking a holiday. In time, there were seven mouths to feed. Illness was always with them. It grew serious when the oldest child was eight. The years of hunger weakened the family, because each month Paul paid$5. The details of the sickness were ugly, but the result wa
38、s this：after twelve years of family life, Paul was alone in the world.He lived alone. except for memories. Work was not now a god for him：it was a pain-killer. Each month he paid, and in time the twenty years ended. From that moment his wages were his own. One day, It was a holiday went to the seasi
39、de. He sat down on a seat by the sea. A middle. aged woman came and sat down near him. They recognized each other at once.The woman said. “The$600 has been in the bank since the day it was paid to me. It is now $6, 000, and I have kept it for you. Will you let me share it with you?”“No, ”said Paul,
40、gently. “Each thousand is a lost life in a desert between us. It can never bring any happiness. ”（分数：15.00）(1).Paul was ordered to pay Clara$600 becauseA. he had borrowed $600 from her. B. he had broken his word to marry her. C. he had promised to give her$600. D. he had spent a lot of her money.（分数
41、：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).How many children did Paul and Alice have?A. Two.B. Four.C. Five.D. Eight.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Twelve years after his marriage, Paul wasA. poor but not sad. B. very sick. C. free from debt.D. lonely and unhappy.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).After his wife and children died, Paul turned to h
42、is work toA. ease his pain. B. forget his debt. C. get pleasure. D. seek friendship.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).When Paul met Clara again 20 years later, he decidedA. to share the$600 with her. B. not to marry her. C. to ask back the$600. D. not to refuse her offer（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Read
43、ing PoemNo poem should ever be discussed or “analyzed“, until it has been read aloud by someone,teacher or student. Better still, perhaps, is the practice of reading it twice, once at the beginning of the discussion and once at the end, so the sound of the poem is the last thing one hears of it. All
44、 discussions of poetry are, in fact, preparations for reading it aloud, and the reading of the poem is, finally, the most telling “interpretation“ of it, suggesting tone, rhythm, and meaning all at once. Hearing a poet read the work in his or her own voice, on records or on film, is obviously a spec
45、ial reward. But even those aids to teaching can not replace the student and teacher reading it or, best of all, reciting it. I have come to think, in fact, that time spent reading a poem aloud is much more important than “analyzing“ it, if there isnt time for both. I think one of our goals as teache
46、rs of English is to have students love poetry. Poetry is “a criticism of life“, “a heightening of life, enjoyment with others“. It is “an approach to the truth of feeling“, and it “can save your life“. It also deserves a place in the teaching of languages and literature more central than it presentl
47、y occupies. I am not saying that every English teacher must teach poetry. Those who dont like it should not be forced to put that dislike on anyone else, But those who do teach poetry must keep in mind a few things about its essential nature, about its sound as well as its sense, and they must make
48、room in the classroom for hearing poetry as well as thinking about it.（分数：15.00）(1).According to the passage, to have a better understanding of a poem, the best way is _. A. to discuss it with others B. to analyze it by oneself C. to hear it read out D. to practice reading it aloud（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(
49、2).The recitation of a poetry by the teacher or a student in the classroom _. A. is the best way to understand it B. easily arouses some discussion among the students C. helps the teachers to analyse it D. can not take the place of the poet reading it analyse（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).According to the author, one of the purposes of teaching English is getting students _. A. t
