1、职称英语卫生类 B级-45 及答案解析(总分：114.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Society is now much more diverse than ever before. A. colorful B. attractive C. flexible D. varied（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.The river widens considerably as it begins to turn west.A. twists B. stretches C. broadens D. bends（分数：1.00）A.B
2、.C.D.3.Can you follow the plot so far?Achange BinvestigateCwrite Dunderstand（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.He seemed reluctant to help us.A. glad B. tiredC. unwilling D. pleased（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.Thousands of people perished in the storm.A. died B. suffered C. floated D. scattered（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.He rolled up
3、 his trouser leg to exhibit his wounded knee.A. spread B. open C. show D. examine（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.When he spoke, she had an unpleasant insight into what life would be like as his wife. A. perception B. precept C. precede D. preceptor（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.If a thing is conspicuous by its absence, it i
4、s something that everyone expects to be there.A. noticeable B. necessaryC. regrettable D. indifferent（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.You must shine your shoes.A. lighten B. clean C. wash D. polish（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.Henry cannot resist the lure of drugs.A. abuse B. flavor C. temptation D. consumption（分数：1.00）A.B
5、.C.D.11.It is virtually impossible to persuade him to apply for the job. A. simply B. almost C. totally D. completely（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.Medicine depends on other fields for basic information, particularly some of their specializec branches.A. conventionally B. obviously C. especially D. inevitably（
6、分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.Im glad Im not in his shoes with all those debts to pay off. A. in his office B. in his car C. in his position D. his friend（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.The fuel tanks had a capacity of 140 liters,Afunction BabilityCpower Dvolume（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.The decision to invade provoked storms of
7、 protest.A. ignored B. organized C. caused D. received（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Food and CancerMedical experts have suspected for many years that there is a strong link between what a person eats and cancer. They say a new study provides the first evidence that vitamins could reduc
8、e a persons chance of developing cancer. A team of Chinese and American scientists did the study. They are from American National Cancer Institute and the Cancer Institute of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences in Beijing. The Journal of the National Cancer Institute published the results of the
9、 study. About thirty thousand people between the ages of 40 to 69 took part in the study. They were from the northern central Chinese area of Linxian. Most of them took vitamins and minerals every day for five years.Linxian was chosen because the people there have an extremely high rate of cancer of
10、 stomach and esophagus. Researchers believe that fungus and molds in local foods may be partly responsible for the high cancer rate. Researchers divided those into eight groups. Seven of the groups received different mixtures of vitamins and minerals daily. The amounts of the vitamins and minerals w
11、ere 1 to 2 times greater than what American health officials say is needed. The eighth group received sugar pills that had no effect. Those who seemed to gain the most received a mixture of a form of vitamin A called -carotene, vitamin E and the mineral selenium. The vitamin and mineral are believed
12、 to prevent damage to cells caused by cancer-causing substances. Researchers reported a 13 percent drop in cancer rates in those who took -carotene, vitamin E and selenium. They also found a 10 percent drop in the number of deaths caused by strokes from bursting blood vessels.Scientists warn that it
13、 is too soon to know if the effect would be the same among people in other countries. They note that the people in Linxian eat foods that lack necessary vitamins and minerals. Chinese officials will continue to record the health records of the people in Linxian for many years. For now officials repo
14、rtedly are considering using the .results of the study. They want to find a way to improve the health of people in Linxian and other small towns in China.（分数：7.00）(1).The results of the new study are unexpected.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(2).Among the scientists that did the st
15、udy, there are more Chinese than Americans.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(3).The study lasted for about five years.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(4).The rate of cancer of stomach and esophagus in Linxian is the highest in China.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
16、（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(5).Fungus and molds in local foods may be partly responsible for the high cancer rate in Linxian.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(6).All those people who took part in the study received vitamins and minerals.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(7).The re
17、sults of the study are of great significance to people everywhere.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.三、第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：3，分数：9.00)16.Obviously, recruiting voluntary bone marrow donors in mainland China is 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_A. Growth of EconomyB. “Servant“ EconomyC. Strength of the C
18、reative EconomyD. Weakness of the Creative EconomyE. Gift of talkingF. Export of Talking Machines（分数：4.00）(1).Paragraph 2 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_A. your own choice of wordsB. the word “cancer“C. the positive
19、 stepsD. about the next stepE. on too many answersF. with too much information（分数：4.00）(1).You can break the news about your diagnosis without saying( )。（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).When breaking the news about your diagnosis, you can have( )。（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).After hearing about your diagnosis, people wil
20、l ask questions( )。（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Very young children wont feel comfortable( )。（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)The Marketing MixMarketing is a total system of business activites designed to plan, price, promote, and distribute want-satisfying products to target m
21、arkets to achieve organizational objectives. This definition implies that the entire system of business activitiis should be customer-oriented, and a marketing program should start with an idea about a new product and should not end until the customers wants are completely satisfied, which may be so
22、metime after the sale is made.The combination of the four primary elements that comprise a companys marketing program is termed the marketing mix. The design, implementation, and evaluation of the marketing mix constitute the bulk of a firms marketing effort.The four elements of the marketing mix ar
23、e.ProductManaging the product ingredient includes planning and developing the right goods and/or services to be marketed by the company. Strategic decisions are also needed for changing existing products, adding new ones, and taking other actions that affect the assortment(分类) of products carried. S
24、trategic decisions are also needed regarding branding, packaging, and various other product features.PriceManagement must determine the right base price for its products. It must then decide on strategies concerning discounts, freight (货运) payments, and many other price-related factors.DistributionE
25、ven though marketing intermediaries(中介) primarily wholesalers and retailers are largely a noncontrollable environmental factor, an executive has considerable latitude when working with them. Managements responsibility is to select and manage the trade channels through which the products will reach t
26、he right market at the right time and develop a distribution system for physically handling and transporting the products through these channels.PromotionManagement needs to inform and persuade the market regarding a companys products. Advertising, personal selling, sales promotion and publicity are
27、 the major promotional activities.The four ingredients in the marketing mix are interrelated; decisions in one area usually affect actions in the others. Each of the four also contains countless variables. A company may market one item or severalrelated or unrelated. The item may be distributed thro
28、ugh wholesalers or directly to retailers, and so on. Ultimately (最后) ,from the multitude of variables, management must select the combination that will best adapt to the environment, satisfy target markets, and still meet marketing and organizational goals.（分数：15.00）(1).Which of the following statem
29、ents is the intended meaning of the last sentence in the second paragraph? _A. The design, implementation, and evaluation of the marketing mix combine most part of a firms marketing effort.B. The bulk of a firms marketing effort consists of the design, implementation, and evaluation of the marketing
30、 mix.C. The design, implementation, and evaluation of the marketing mix are composed of most part of a firms marketing effort.D. The bulk of a firms marketing effort makes up the design, implementation, and evaluation of the marketing mix.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).As far as distribution is concerned, _.A
31、. wholesalers and retailers, although uncontrollable, are responsible for the selection of trade channels and development of distribution systemB. the marketing executive has great freedom in selecting trade channels and developing distribution system in spite of the presence of some uncontrollable
32、factorsC. the marketing executive is free from the control of wholesalers and retailersD. the marketing executive works with wholesalers and retailers with great consideratrion of position（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).“Personal selling “is nearest in meaning to one of the following. _.A. Selling a personB. F
33、ace-to-face sellingC. Selling by a personD. Selling of personal belongings（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to the last paragraph, combination in “. management must select the combination. “refers to the combination of _A. items to be marketedB. wholesalers and retailersC. a number of variablesD. four
34、ingredients（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).What are the two words in the passage which are the synonyms of “element“ and “mix“ which appear in the first sentence of the paragraph? _.A. Assortment/Combination.B. Ingredient/Combination.C. Variable/Ingredient.D. Strategies/Variable.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数
35、：15.00)Believe it or not,optical illusion (错觉) can cut highway crashes. Japan is a case in point. It has reduced automobile crashes on some roads by nearly 75 percent using a simple optical illusion. Bent stripes, called chevrons (人字形) painted on the roads make drivers think that they are driving fa
36、ster than they really are, and thus drivers slow down.Now the American Association Foundation for Traffic Safety in Washington D. C. is planning to repeat Japans success. Starting next year, the foundation will paint chevrons and other patterns of stripes on selected roads around the country to test
37、 how well the patterns reduce highway crashes. Excessive speed plays a major role in as much as one fifth of all fatal traffic accidents, according to the foundation. To help reduce those accidents, the foundation will conduct its tests in areas where speed-related hazards are the greatest-curves, e
38、xit slopes, traffic circles, and bridges. Some studies suggest that straight, horizontal bars painted across roads can initially cut the average speed of drivers in half. However, traffic often returns to full speed within months as drivers become used to seeing the painted bar. Chevrons, scientists
39、 say, not only give drivers the impression that they are driving faster than they really are but also make a lane spear to be narrower. The result is a longer lasting reduction in highway speed and the number of traffic accidents.（分数：15.00）(1).The passage mainly discusses _.A. a new way of highway s
40、peed controlB. a new pattern for painting highwaysC. a new approach to training driversD. a new type of optical illusion（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).On roads painted with chevrons drivers tend to feel that _.A. they should avoid speed-related hazardsB. they are driving in the wrong laneC. they should slow d
41、own their speedD. they are approaching the speed limit（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The advantage of chevrons over straight, horizontal bars is that the former _.A. can keep drivers awakeB. can cut road accidents in halfC. will have a longer effect on driversD. will look more attractive（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).T
42、he American Association Foundation for Traffic Safety plans to _.A. try out the Japanese method in certain areasB. change the road signs across the countryC. replace straight, horizontal bars with chevronsD. repeat the Japanese road patterns（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).What does the author say about straigh
43、t, horizontal bars painted across roads?A. They are falling out of use in the United States.B. They tend to be ignored by drivers in a short period of time.C. They are applicable only on broad roads.D. They cannot be applied successfully to traffic circles.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)As so
44、on as Linda went into the department that sold raincoats, she sensed there was something unusual in the atmosphere.First of all, there was a salesman there and not a saleswoman. That was very unusual in the womens coat department. The salesman asked if he could be of any help. But when she said she
45、was just looking he did not seem to be listening. He (lid not look very much like a salesman, either.A second later a raincoat caught her eye. Site asked him a question about it. He did not even hear her at first. She asked again. She wanted to know if he had any coats like it with a detachable (可分离
46、的) lining. He did not seem to understand what a detachable lining was. She explained. Then she went on looking. She noticed that the salesman seemed to be watching another customer in the department all the time. The other customer, a middle-aged woman, left the department. The salesman immediately
47、went to the phone and told somebody on the other end that the woman had gone and had definitely taken two leather belts without paying for them. Then he turned to Linda and explained that he was not a salesman at all but a store detective. Later, Linda read in the paper that a woman had been arreste
48、d for stealing some belts front a department store, or, in other words, for shoplifting.（分数：15.00）(1).Why did Linda go into the department that sold raincoat?A. It was raining outside.B. She wanted to have a look at the raincoat.C. She wanted to buy a raincoat with a detachable lining.D. Site felt t
49、here was something unusual in the atmosphere.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The salesman _. A. received Linda warmlyB. was attending another customerC. knew raincoat wellD. was a store detective（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).“Lining“ (Para. 3) here is _. A. stuffB. special materialC. linesD. the material inside the coat（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The word “shop
