1、职称英语卫生类 A 级真题 2006 年及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：120 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项（第 115 题，每 题(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.She was a puzzle. （分数：1.00）A.girlB.problemC.womanD.mystery2.Her speciality is heart surgery （分数：1.00）A.regionB.fieldC.siteD.platform3.France has kept intimate links with its former African territories （分数：1.0
2、0）A.friendlyB.strongC.privateD.secret4.You should have blended the butter with the sugar thoroughly, （分数：1.00）A.spreadB.beatenC.mixedD.covered5.he industrial revolution modified the whole structure of English society. （分数：1.00）A.destroyedB.smashedC.brokeD.changed6.Tickets are limited and will be all
3、ocated to those who apply first. （分数：1.00）A.postedB.givenC.sentD.handed7.The change in that village was miraculous. （分数：1.00）A.conservativeB.insignificantC.amazingD.unforgettable8.Customers often defer payment for as long as possible. （分数：1.00）A.makeB.postponeC.demandD.obtain9.Canada will prohibit s
4、moking in all offices later this year. （分数：1.00）A.banB.eliminateC.removeD.expel10.She read a poem which depicts the splendor of the sunset. （分数：1.00）A.declaresB.assertsC.describesD.announces.11.From my standpoint, this thing is just ridiculous （分数：1.00）A.fieldB.knowledgeC.point of viewD.information1
5、2.The latest census is encouraging （分数：1.00）A.statementB.assessmentC.evaluationD.count13.The curious looks from the strangers around her made her feel uneasy. （分数：1.00）A.differentB.uncomfortableC.proudD.unconscious14.Reading the job ad, he wondered whether he was eligible to apply for it. （分数：1.00）A
6、.ableB.qualifiedC.fortunateD.competent15.He was elevated to the post of prime minister. （分数：1.00）A.pulledB.liftedC.promotedD.treated二、第 2 部分：阅读判断（第 1622 题，每题(总题数：1，分数：7.00)The Doctor in America Self-employed private physicians who charge a fee for each patient visit have been the norm for American m
7、edical practice. Most physicians have a contract relationship with one or more hospitals in their community. They refer their patients as needed to the hospital, which usually charges according to the number of days a patient stays and the facilities - X-rays, operating rooms, tests -he or she uses.
8、 Some medical doctors are on salary. Salaried physicians may work as hospital staff members, or residents, who are often still in training. They may teach in medical schools, be hired by corporations to care for their workers or work for the federal governments Public Health Service. Physicians are
9、among the best-paid professionals in the United States. In the 1980s， it was not uncommon for medical doctors to， earn incomes of more than $100，000 a year. Specialists， particularly surgeons， might earn several times that amount. Physicians list many reasons why they deserve to be so well rewarded
10、for their work. One reason is the long and expensive preparation required to become a physician in the United States. Most would-be physicians first attend college for four years， which can cost nearly $20，000 a year at one of the best private institutions. Prospective physicians then attend medical
11、 school for four years. Tuition alone can exceed $10，000 a year. By the time they have obtained their medical degrees， many young physicians are deeply in debt. They still face three to five years of residency （住院医生实习期）in a hospital， the first year as an apprentice physician. The hours are long and
12、the pay is relatively low. Setting up a medical practice is expensive, too. Sometimes several physicians will decide to establish a group practice, so they can share the expense of maintaining an office and buying equipment. These physicians also take care of each others patients in emergencies. Phy
13、sicians work long hours and must accept a great deal of responsibility. Many medical procedures, even quite routine ones, involve risk. It is understandable that physicians want to be well rewarded for making decisions which can mean the difference between life and death. （分数：7.00）(1).Many physician
14、s in the US are self-employed private physicians （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).No salaried physicians teach in medical schools in the US. （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).Of all employed physicians, those hired by corporations are best paid （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned
15、(4).Becoming a physician in the US costs considerable time and money. （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).Physicians in the US are poorly rewarded for their work （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).Anyone with a medical degree can set up a medical practice in the US （分数：1.00）A.RightB.Wro
16、ngC.Not mentioned(7).There are more men physicians than women physicians in the US （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子（第 233(总题数：2，分数：8.00)Breaking the News about Your Diagnosis 1 When I was diagnosed with breast cancer nearly a year ago， I found myself at a loss for words at fi
17、rst. Over time， however， I developed some pointers （点子）， which I hope will help others. 2 During the first few weeks of emotional “aftershocks“ （余悸） from the diagnosis， I found myself unable to utter the word “cancer“. Still， I wanted to share the news with my relatives and friends who already knew
18、that Id had a biopsy （活检） and were anxiously awaiting my telephone call. I did the best I could， which is all anyone can do in this situation. When I called them， I said， “What we feared has happened.“ They immediately knew what I meant. 3 Nearly a year after my diagnosis, I find myself more comfort
19、able telling people “1 was diagnosed with cancer“ instead of saying “1 have cancer.“ On some deep level, I dont want to “own“ this illness. Choose language that suits you when you share your news. And keep in mind that there is no one “right“ way of doing this. 4 Most people, after hearing your anno
20、uncement, will be curious about the next step. They may wonder if you will be undergoing radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy （化疗）。They may wonder where and when you will have surgery. Answer their questions as best you can， but keep in mind that “1 dont know right now“ or “Im still in too much sho
21、ck to think about that“ are good answers. 5 Wait until the initial wave of strong emotions has passed before telling the children in your life. Dont overwhelm （使不知所措） very young children with too much information. Assure them that， even if you will be in the hospital for a while， they will see you e
22、very day and they will be cared for. Older children may already fear the word “cancer“， so be prepared to reassure them. Emphasize the positive steps that doctors will be taking to treat your illness. 23 Paragraph 2 24 Paragraph 3 25 Paragraph 4 26 Paragraph 5 A 、Break the news as calmly as possible
23、 to children B 、Break the news at your own pace C 、Share the good news with your friends D 、Choose language that suits you E 、Follow your doctors advice F 、Be prepared for peoples curiosity （分数：4.00）A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.E.F.A.B.C.D.27 You can break the news about your diagnosis without saying（）。
24、28 When breaking the news about your diagnosis， you can have（）。 29 After hearing about your diagnosis， people will ask questions（）。 30 Very young children wont feel comfortable（）。 A 、your own choice of words B 、the word “cancer“ C 、the positive steps D 、about the next step E 、on too many answers F 、
25、with too much information （分数：4.00）A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.E.F.四、第 4 部分：阅读理解（第 3145 题，每题(总题数：3，分数：45.00)第一篇 Is the Tie a Necessity？ Ties, or neckties, have been a symbol of politeness and elegance in Britain for centuries. But the casual Prime Minister Tony Blair has problems with them. Repo
26、rts suggest that even the civil servants may stop wearing ties. So, are the famously formal British really going to abandon the neckties? Maybe. Last week, the UKs Cabinet Secretary Andrew Turnbull openly welcomed a tieless era. He hinted that civil servants would soon be tree of the costliest 12 in
27、ches of fabric that most men ever buy in their lives. In fact， Blair showed this attitude when he had his first guests to a cocktail party. Many of them were celebrities （知名人士） without ties， which would have been unimaginable even in the recent past. For some more conservative British, the tie is a
28、must for proper appearance. Earlier, Labor leader Jim Callaghan said he would have died rather than have his children seen in public without a tie. For people like Callaghan, the tile was a sign of being complete, of showing respect. Men were supposed to wear a tie when going to church, to work in t
29、he office, to a party - almost every social occasion. But today, people have begun to accept a casual style even for formal occasions. The origin of the tie is tricky. It started as something called simply a “band“. The term could mean anything around a mans neck. It appeared in finer ways in the 16
30、30s. Frenchmen showed a love of this particular fashion statement. Their neckwear （颈饰）impressed Charles II， the king of England who was exiled（流放）to France at that time. When he returned to England in 1660， he brought this new fashion item along with him. It wasnt, however, until the late 18th centu
31、ry that fancy young men introduced a more colorful, flowing piece of cloth that eventually became known as the tie. Then, clubs military institutions and schools began to use colored and patterned ties to indicate the wearers membership in the late 19th century. After that, the tie became a necessar
32、y item of clothing for British gentlemen. But now, even gentlemen are getting tired of ties. Anyway, the day feels a bit easier when you wake up without having to decide which tie suits you and your mood. （分数：15.00）(1).The tie symbolizes all of the following except （分数：3.00）A.respectB.eleganceC.poli
33、tenessD.democracy(2).Why does Blair sometimes show up in a formal event without a tie? （分数：3.00）A.Because he wants to make a show,B.Because he wants to attract attention.C.Because ties are costly.D.Because he wants to live in a casual way.(3).Which of the following is NOT a social occasion? （分数：3.00
34、）A.Going to church.B.Going to work in the office.C.Staying at home.D.Going to a party.(4).Who brought the Frenchmens neckwear to Britain? （分数：3.00）A.Tony Blair.B.Charles ll.C.Jim Callaghan.D.Andrew Turnbull(5).When did British gentlemen begin to wear ties regularly? （分数：3.00）A.After the late 19th ce
35、ntury.B.In the 1630s.C.In 1660.D.In the late 18th century.第二篇 Brain-dead Mother Dies after Giving Birth A brain-dead woman who was kept alive for three months so she could deliver the child she was carrying was removed from life support on Wednesday and died, a day after giving birth. “This is obvio
36、usly a bittersweet time for our family,“ Justin Torres, the womans brother-in-law, said in a statement. Susan Torres， a cancer-stricken， 26-year-old researcher at the National Institutes of Health， suffered a stroke in May after the melanoma （黑瘤） spread to her brain. Her family decided to keep her a
37、live to give her foetus （胎儿） a chance. It became a race between the foetus development and the cancer that was destroying the womans body. Doctors said that Torres health was getting worse and that the risk of harm to the foetus finally outweighed the benefits of extending the pregnancy. Torres gave
38、 birth to a daughter by Caesarean section （剖腹产手术） on Tuesday at Virginia Hospital Center. The baby was two months premature and weighed about a kilogram. She was in the newborn intensive care unit. Dr Donna Tilden-Archer， the hospitals director of neonatology （新生儿学）， described the child as “very vig
39、orous.“ She said the baby had responded when she received stimulation， indicating she was healthy. Doctors removed Torres from life support early Wednesday with the consent of her husband， Jason Tortes， after she received the final sacrament （圣礼） of the RomanCatholic Church. “We thank all of those w
40、ho prayed and provided support for Susan, the baby and our family,“ Jason Torres said in a statement. “We especially thank God for giving us little Susan. My wifes courage will never be forgotten.“English-language medical literature contains at least 11 cases since 1979 ofirreversibly brain-damaged
41、women whose lives were prolonged for the benefit of thedeveloping foetus, according to the University of Connecticut Health Center. Dr Christopher McManus, who coordinated care 1“or Susan Torres, put the infants chances of developing cancer at less than 25 per cent. He said 19 women who have had the
42、 same aggressive form of melanoma as Tortes have given birth, and five of their babies became ill with the disease. （分数：15.00）(1).Susan Torres died soon after （分数：3.00）A.she suffered a stroke.B.she became brain-dead.C.she was diagnosed with cancer.D.she gave birth to a baby.(2).The pregnancy was sto
43、pped because （分数：3.00）A.the foetus was found seriously ill.B.the risks outweighed the benefits.C.there was no hope to rescue the foetus.D.the Tortes family couldnt afford the expenses any more.(3).Which is NOT true of the baby? （分数：3.00）A.She was born of a dead mother.B.She was two months prematureC
44、.She weighed about a kilogram.D.She was healthy.(4).Susan Torres had been put on life support so （分数：3.00）A.she could live comfortably.B.she could see her baby.C.she could die without pain.D.she could deliver her baby.(5). The babys chances of developing cancer were said to be （分数：3.00）A.about 11 pe
45、r centB.around 19 per cent.C.less than 25 per cent.D.close to 5 per cent.第三篇 Smart Exercise Doctors are starting to find more and more information that suggests a connection between exercise and brain development. Judy Cameron, a scientist at Oregon Health and Science University, studies brain devel
46、opment. According to her research, it seems that exercise can make blood vessels, including those in the brain, stronger and more fully developed. Dr. Cameron claims this allows people who exercise to concentrate better. As she says: “While we already know that exercise is good for the heart, exerci
47、se can literally cause physical changes in the brain.“ The effects of exercise on brain development can even be seen in babies. Babies who do activities that require a lot of movement and physical activity show greater brain development than babies who are less physically active. With babies， even a
48、 little movement can show big results. Margaret Barnes， a pediatrician （儿科医师）， believes in the importance of exercise. She thinks that many learning disabilities that children have in elementary school or high school can be traced back to a lack of movement as babies. “Babies need movement that stim
49、ulates their five senses. They need to establish a connection between motion and memory. In this way， as they get older， children will begin to associate physical activity with higher learning，“ says Margaret. Older people can beef up their brains as well. Cornell University studied a group of seniors ranging in age from seventy to seventy-nine. Their study showed a short-term memory increase of up to 40 percent after exercising just three hours a week. The exercise does not have to be very difficult, but it does have to
