1、职称英语卫生类 A 级真题 2005 年及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：120 分钟)一、第 l 部分：词汇选项 (第 115 题，每题(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.These are their motives for doing it （分数：1.00）A.reasonsB.excusesC.answersD.plans2.The river widens considerably as it begins to turn west （分数：1.00）A.twistsB.stretchesC.broadensD.bends3.Henry cannot resist the
2、 lure of drugs （分数：1.00）A.abuseB.flavorC.temptationD.consumption4. These programmes are of immense value to old people （分数：1.00）A.naturalB.fatalC.tinyD.enormous5.A great deal has been done to remedy the situation （分数：1.00）A.maintainB.improveC.assessD.protect6.John is collaborating with Mary in writi
3、ng an article （分数：1.00）A.cooperatingB.competingC.combiningD.arguing7. He is determined to consolidate his power （分数：1.00）A.strengthenB.controlC.abandonD.exercise8.Many scientists have been probing psychological problems （分数：1.00）A.solvingB.settlingC.exploringD.handling9.Hearing problems may be allev
4、iated by changes in diet and exercise habits （分数：1.00）A.removedB.curedC.worsenedD.relieved10.And the cars are tested for defects before leaving the factory （分数：1.00）A.functionsB.motionsC.faultsD.parts11.The food is insufficient for three people （分数：1.00）A.instantB.infiniteC.inexpensiveD.inadequate12
5、.Thousands of people perished in the storm （分数：1.00）A.diedB.sufferedC.floatedD.scattered13.But in the end he approved of our proposal （分数：1.00）A.undoubtedlyB.certainlyC.ultimatelyD.necessarily14. For young children，getting dressed is a complicated business. （分数：1.00）A.strangeB.complexC.personalD.fun
6、ny15.In Britain and many other countries appraisal is now a tool of management （分数：1.00）A.evaluationB.efficiencyC.productionD.publicity二、第 2 部分；阅读判断 (第 1622 题，每(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Stem Cell Therapy May Help Repair the Heart According to scientists in the USA，stem cell therapy may one day be able to repai
7、r the hearts of people with heart failureResearchers at Pittsburgh University School of Medicine examined 20 patients who had severe heart failure and were going to have surgery They injected stem cells into the parts of their hearts that were damaged，They then compared their hearts with those of pe
8、ople who had undergone surgery without having the stem cells injected into them(they had also suffered from severe heart failure)The patients who had had the stem cells injected had hearts that were able to pump(用泵抽运)more blood than the others According to Professor Robert Kormos，one of t11e researc
9、hers，these results could revolutionize heart treatmentAlthough previous studies had indicated that there might be a benefit，this is the first study that has actually proved that stem cell therapy can help the failing heart work better All the patients in this study had hearts that could not pump blo
10、od properlyThe scientists measured their ejection fraction(射血分数)1t is a measure of heart performance；you measure how much blood is being pumped out by the left ventricle(心室).Healthy peoples ejection fraction is about 55These patients had ejection fraction of under 35They a11 had by-pass surgery(搭桥手术
11、)performed on themSome of the patients had stem cells taken from their hip bones and injected into 25-30 sites in the damaged heart muscle，Six months later their ejection fraction rate was 461while those who just had surgery but no stem cell injections averaged 37 2 No side effects were reposed Hear
12、t failure is a common problem all over the worldIn the UK alone about 650,000 people suffer from heart failure every yearAs the number of people suffering from heart failure increases in the world in general these findings are particularly significant Current treatments relieve the symptomsThis new
13、stem cell therapy actually repairs the damaged muscle in the heart and has the potential of curing the disease （分数：7.00）(1). The 20 patients had stem cell injections instead of surgery （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).The experiment proved to be satisfactory （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not men
14、tioned(3). The control group patients regretted not having had stem cell injections （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4). The study actually proved for the first time the benefit of stem cell therapy （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).The ejection fraction rate of the patients with stem
15、cell injections decreased （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).Heart failure is more common in the UK than anywhere else in the world （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).Stem cell therapy seems to have great prospects （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子 (第 23(总题数：2，分数
16、：8.00)The Drink Your Body Needs Most 1 Our bodies are estimated to be about 60to 70waterBlood is mostly waterand our muscles，lungs，and brain all contain a lot of waterWater is needed to regulate body temperature and to provide the means for nutrients (滋养物)to travel to all oar organsWater also transp
17、orts oxygen to our cells，removes waste，and protects our joints and organs 2 we lose water through urination(排尿)，respiration(呼吸)，and by sweatingIf you are very active，you lose more water than if you do not take much exerciseSymptoms of mild dehydration(脱水)include chronic pains in joints and muscles，l
18、ower back pain，headaches，and constipation(便秘)A strong smell to your urine，along with a yellow color indicates that you are not getting enough waterThirst is an obvious sign of dehydration and in fact，you need water long before you feel thirsty 3 A good rule of thumb(好的做法)is to take your body weight
19、in pounds and divide that number in halfThat gives you the number of ounces(盎司)of water per day that you needFor exampleif you weigh 160 pounds，you should drink at least 80 ounces of water per dayIf you exercise you should drink another 8-ounce glass of water for every 20 minutes you are activeIf yo
20、u drink coffee or alcohol，you should add at least an equal amount of waterWhen you are traveling on an airplane，it is good to have 8 ounces of water for every hour you are on board the plane 4 It may be difficult to drink enough water on a busy dayBe sure you have water handy at all times by keeping
21、 a bottle for water with you when you are working，traveling，or exercisingIf you get bored with plain water,add a bit of lemon for a touch of flavorThere are some brands of flavored water available，but some of them have sugar or artificial sweeteners that you 1dQn，need 23 Paragraph 1_ 24 Paragraph 2_
22、 25 Paragraph 3_ 26 Paragraph 4_ A Ounces of Water Needed Per Day B Importance of Water C Composition of Water D Signs of Dehydration E Supply of Water F Necessity for Bringing a Bottle for Water with You （分数：4.00）A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.E.F.27 One cannot 1ive_ 28 Dehydration may occur if th
23、ere is a shortage of water_ 29 The amount of water your body needs per day is closely related_ 30 Dont forget to drink enough water even_ （分数：4.00）A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.E.F.A.B.C.D.E.四、第 4 部分：阅读理解 (第 3145 题，每(总题数：3，分数：45.00)第一篇 More Than a Ride to School The National Education Association claims“T
24、he school bus is a mirror of the community“ They further add that，unfortunately，what appears on the exterior does not always reflect the reality of a chosen community They are right-sometimes it reflects more!Just ask Liesl Denson Riding the school bus has been more than a ride to school for Liesl B
25、ruce Hardy，school bus driver for Althouse Bus Company has been LieslS bus driver since kindergartenLast year when LieslS family moved to Parkesburg，knowing her bus went by her new residence，she requested to ride the same bus. This year Liesl is a senior and will enjoy her last year riding the bus Sh
26、e says，“It S been a great ride so far!My bus driver is SO coot and has always been a good friend and a good listenerSometimes when youre a child adults do not think that what you have to say is importantMrHardy always listens to what you have to say and makes you feel important“Her friends Ashley Ba
27、tista and Amanda Wolfe agree Bruce Hardy has been making Octorara students feel special since 1975This year he will celebrate 30 years working for Althouse Bus CompanyLarry Althouse，president of the company acknowledges Bruce HardyS outstanding record：“You do not come by employees like Bruce these d
28、aysHe has never missed a day of work and has a perfect driving recordHe was recognized in 2000 by the Pennsylvania School Bus Association for driving 350，000 accident free milesHardyS reputation is made further evident through the relationships he has made with the students that ride his bus“ Althou
29、se further adds，“Althouse Bus Company was established 70 years ago and has been providing quality transportation ever sinceMy grandfather Started the business with one bus- Althouse Bus Company is dellghted to have the opportunity to bring distinctive and safe service to our local school and communi
30、ty and looks forward to continuing to provide quality service for many more years to come“ Three generations of business is not all the company has eoyedThanks to drivers like Bruce Hardy,they have been building relationships through generationsLieslS mother Carol also enjoys fond memories of riding
31、 Bruce HardyS bus to the Octorara School District （分数：15.00）(1). The word“mirrorin the first line could be best replaced by （分数：3.00）A.“vehicle“B.“device“C.“need“D.“reflection“(2).Brace Hardy has been working with Althouse Bus Company （分数：3.00）A.for 30 yearsB.for 70 yearsC.since last yearD.since 200
32、0(3).Which of the following statements is NOT true of Bruce Hardy? （分数：3.00）A.He is popular with his passengersB.He has never missed a day of workC.He is an impatient personD.He has driven 350000 accident free miles(4).Althouse Bus Company was founded bv （分数：3.00）A.Larry A1thouseB.AlthouseS grandfat
33、herC.LieslS motherD.Ashley Batista(5).Althouse Bus Company pays much attention to （分数：3.00）A.employing young driversB.running quality schoolsC.providing free driving lessonsD.building sound relationships第二篇 Diabetes(糖屎病)and Eye Damage 0vet 2 million Canadians have diabetesIt is the leading cause of
34、blindness in North Americans under 65 years of age Diabetes is a condition where the body either cannot produce enough insulin(胰岛素)or cannot respond properly to insulinInsulin is important because it moves glucose(葡萄糖)，a simple sugarinto the bodyS cells from the bloodThe food people eat provides the
35、 body with glucose，which is used by the cells as a source of energyIf insulin isnt available or doesnt work correctly to move glucose from the blood into the cells，glucose will stay in the blood，leading to high blood sugar levels High blood sugar levels damage the blood vessels，including the tiny bl
36、ood vessels in the eyeThis leads to an eye disease known as diabetic retinopathy(糖尿病型视网膜病)The retina (视网膜)is an area at the back of the eye that changes light into nerve signalsWith diabetic retinopathy，some blood vessels in the retina are lost，and some of the other blood vessels begin to“leakblood
37、This causes the retina to swelland gradually cuts off its supply of oxygen and nutrients(滋养物)Eventually，the retina starts to grow new blood vessels to replace the damaged onesUnfortunately，these new vessels are not as strong as the old ones They are more likely to break，causing bleeding in the eye A
38、t first，people with diabetic retinopathy will not notice any symptomsAs the disease gets worse，they may notice blurred(模糊的)vision，black spots or flashing lightsAs time goes on，it Can progress to blindness Everyone with diabetes is at risk for diabetic retinopathy，and the risk increases the longer yo
39、uve had diabetes Fortunately，you can reduce your risk If you do not have diabetes，but think you may be at risk for this conditionvisit your doctor to be screened for diabetesIf you d0 have diabetes： Have frequent eye check-ups Make sure that you monitor your blood sugar frequently and use your medic
40、ations as recommended by your doctor There is evidence to show that keeping your blood sugar under tight control can slow down eye damage If you have high blood pressure，follow your recommended diet and medications to keep it under controlIf you are not sure whether you have high blood pressure，or w
41、hether your blood pressure is under control，discuss this with your doctor （分数：15.00）(1). Glucose cannot be turned into energy in the body （分数：3.00）A.without diabetesB.without sugarC.without insulinD.without food(2).The word“its“in the second paragraph refers to （分数：3.00）A.“the nervesB.“the bloodsC.“
42、the eyesD.“the retinas(3).With diabetic retinopathy，the damaged blood vessels in the retina （分数：3.00）A.are stronger than what they used to beB.cannot be properly replacedC.are more likely to break than the new onesD.may return to normal again(4).The worst eye damage induced by diabetes is （分数：3.00）A
43、.blurred visionB.black spotsC.blindnessD.flashing lights(5).To slow down eye damage，people with diabetes should try to （分数：3.00）A.use as many medications as they canB.eat as little as possibleC.wear glasses as often as possibleD.keep their blood sugar under tight contr01第三篇 Milk That Paid a Medieal
44、Bill One day，a poor boy who was selling goods from door to door to pay his way through school found he had only one thin dime(10 分钱)left，and he was hungry He decided he would ask for a meal at the next houseHowever,he lost his nerve when a lovely young woman opened the doorInstead of a meal he asked
45、 for a drink of waterShe thought he looked hungry so she brought him a large glass of milkHe drank it slowly，and then asked“How much do I owe you?You dont owe me anything“she replied“Mother has taught us never to accept pay for a kindness“He said“Then I thank you from my heart“ As Howard Kelly left
46、that house，he not only felt stronger physically，but his faith in God And man was strong also He had been ready to give up and quit Years later that young woman became critically i11The local doctors were baffled(感到困惑)They finally sent her to the big city，where they called in specialists to study her
47、 rare diseaseDr Howard Kelly was called in for the consultation When he heard the name of the town she came froma strange light filled his eyesImmediately he rose and went down the hall of the hospital to her roomDressed in his doctors gown he went in to see herHe recognized her at once He went back
48、 to the consultation room determined to do his best to save her lifeFrom that day he gave special attention to the case After a long struggle，the battle was won DrKelly requested the business office to pass the final bill to him for approvalHe looked At it then wrote something on the edge and the bi
49、ll was sent to her roomShe feared to open itfor she was sure it would take the rest of her lire to Pay for it all Finally she lookedand something Caught her attention on the side of the bill She read these words：“Paid in full with one glass of milk“Tears of joy flooded her eyes as her happy heart prayed：“Thank You，God，that Y0ur love
