1、职称英语卫生类 A级模拟 68及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.If I made a mistake, I will try to remedy it.（分数：1.00）A.clarifyB.diagnoseC.evaporateD.correct2.We derive information mainly from the Internet.（分数：1.00）A.depriveB.obtainC.descendD.trace3.Many cities have restricted smoking in pu
2、blic places.（分数：1.00）A.limitedB.allowedC.stoppedD.kept4.He could not tolerate the extremes of heat in the desert.（分数：1.00）A.bearB.hateC.likeD.criticize5.These factors interact intimately and cannot be separated.（分数：1.00）A.tenselyB.nearlyC.carefullyD.closely6.Will you please call my husband as soon a
3、s possible?（分数：1.00）A.contactB.consultC.phoneD.visit7.We have to put up with her behavior.（分数：1.00）A.tolerateB.acceptC.swallowD.take8.They have given up the hope to save their friend from drowning.（分数：1.00）A.endedB.abandonedC.builtD.strengthen9.I seldom watch TV.（分数：1.00）A.rarelyB.frequentlyC.normal
4、lyD.occasionally10.The dentist has decided to take out the girl“s bad tooth.（分数：1.00）A.digB.drawC.pullD.extract11.The food is insufficient for three people.（分数：1.00）A.instantB.infiniteC.inexpensiveD.inadequate12.Thousands of people perished in the storm.（分数：1.00）A.diedB.sufferedC.floatedD.scattered1
5、3.But in the end he approved of our proposal.（分数：1.00）A.undoubtedlyB.certainlyC.ultimatelyD.necessarily14.For young children, getting dressed is a complicated business.（分数：1.00）A.strangeB.complexC.personalD.funny15.In Britain and many other countries appraisal is now a tool of management.（分数：1.00）A.
6、evaluationB.efficiencyC.productionD.publicity二、第 2部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Mother Nature Shows Her StrengthTornadoes(龙卷风)and heavy thunderstorms moved across the Great Lakes and into Trumbull County on Saturday evening: The storms were dramatic and dangerous. George Snyder was driving the fire truck do
7、wn Route 88 when he first noticed that a funnel (漏斗状的)cloud was behind him. “I stopped the truck and watched the funnel cloud. It was about 100 feet off the ground and I saw it go up and down for a while. It was moving toward Bradley Road and then suddenly it disappeared,“ Snyder said. Snyder only s
8、aw one of the funnel clouds that passed through northeastern Ohio on Saturday. In Trumbull County, a tornado turned trees onto their sides. Some trees feel onto houses and cars. Other trees fell into telephone and electrical wires as they went down. Amanda Symcheck was having a party when the storm
9、began. “I knew something was wrong,“ she said. “I saw the sky go green and pink(粉红色). Then it sounded like a train rushing toward the house. I started crying and told everyone to go to the basement for protection. “ The tornado caused a lot of damage to cars and houses in the area. It will take a lo
10、ng time and much money to repair everything. There was also serious water damage from the thunderstorms. The heavy rains and high wind caused the power to go out in many homes. The storms caused serious flooding in areas near the river. More than four inches of rain fell in parts of Trumbull County.
11、 The river was so hight that the water ran into streets and houses. Many streets had to be closed to cars and trucks because of the high water. This made it difficult for fire trucks, police cars, and other rescue vehicles to help people who were in trouble. Many people who live near the river had t
12、o leave their homes for their own safety. Some people reported five feet of water in their homes. Local and state officials opened emergency shelters for the people who were evacuated(撤走). The Red Cross served meals to them. “This was a really intense storm,“ said Snyder. “People were afraid. Mother
13、 Nature call be fierce. We were lucky this time. No one was killed. “（分数：7.00）(1).The weather was nice in Trumbull County on Saturday evening.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).George Snyder was a firefighter.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).Amanda Symcheck was having a party in the
14、basement when the storm began.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).Power supply system was not damaged during the storm.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).There had not been such a severe storm in Trumbull County for a hundred years.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).Rescue vehicl
15、es had a hard time getting to people.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).Several people were missing during the storm.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Old Man Myths and Realities1. When does a middle-aged man become an old man? Officially, of course, it“s w
16、hen we reach retirement age. But, as we all know, this is a fairly blunt(生硬的)method of decision making. As life expectancy (预期寿命)increases, retirement planning needs to be changed. This is because being an old man today is very different from what it was a generation or so ago. 2. Sixty-five is the
17、new middle-aged man. These days people are talking about the young-old, that is ages 70 to 75, and those over 75 as the old-old. The young-old frequently continue in good health and maintain strong links with friends and family. The old-old have a much higher chance of poor health and social isolati
18、on. 3. Although men are living longer, there are still more old women than old men. This fact alone should arouse interest as to why. Relatively little is actually known about why this is the case or about the experiences of the old man. Sure, we are aware that the old man experiences anxiety, finan
19、cial problems, loneliness, etc, but that“s really about all we know. 4. It is usually believed that the old man often complains about their health. In fact, most old man think their health is good even though most are diagnosed with at least one chronic illness. The physical health of the old man is
20、 strongly affected by their health behavior when they were younger.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 1 1 A. New Definitions of the Old Man B. Changing Concept of the Old Man C. Health of the Old Man D. Happy Old Man and Sad Old Man E. Limited Knowledge of the Old Man“s Experiences F. Contempt for the Old Man（分
21、数：1.00）(2).Paragraph 2 1（分数：1.00）(3).Paragraph 3 1（分数：1.00）(4).Paragraph 4 1（分数：1.00）(5).Nowadays men generally live longer than 1. A. in good health B. in the past C. in the wrong D. the old man E. a middle-aged man F. a young man（分数：1.00）(6).A man in his mid-60s is now regarded as 1.（分数：1.00）(7).M
22、ore research should be done on the experiences of 1.（分数：1.00）(8).Most old men consider themselves to be 1.（分数：1.00）四、第 4部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Preserving Nature for FutureDemands for stronger protection for wildlife in Britain sometimes hide the fact that similar needs are felt i
23、n the rest of Europe. Studies by the Council of Europe, of which 21 countries are members, have shown that 45% of reptile(爬行动物) species and 24% of butterflies(蝴蝶)are in danger of dying out. European concern for wildlife was outlined by Dr. Peter Baum, an expert in the environment and natural resourc
24、es division of the council, when he spoke at a conference arranged by the administrators of a British national park. The park is one of the few areas in Europe to hold the council“s diploma (证书 ) for nature reserves (自然保护区) of the highest quality, and Dr. Baum had come to present it to the park once
25、 again. He was afraid that public opinion was turning against national parks, and that those set up in the 1960s and 1970s could not be set up today. But Dr. Baum clearly remained a strong supporter of the view that natural environments needed. To be allowed to survive in peace in their own right. “
26、No area could be expected to survive both as a true nature reserve and as a tourist attraction,“ he went on. The short sighted view that reserves had to serve immediate human demands for outdoor recreation(户外娱乐)should be replaced by full acceptance of their importance as places to preserve nature fo
27、r the future. “We forget that they are the guarantee of life systems, on which any built-up area ultimately depends,“ Dr. Baum went on. “We could manage without most industrial products, but we could not manage without nature. However, our natural environment areas, which are the original parts of o
28、ur countryside, have shrunk(缩小)to become mere islands in a spoiled and highly polluted Landmass. “（分数：15.00）(1).Recent studies by the Council of Europe have indicated that _.（分数：3.00）A.Britain is the only country where wildlife needs more protectionB.all species of wildlife in Europe are in danger o
29、f dying outC.there are fewer species of reptiles and butterflies in Europe than elsewhereD.many species of reptiles and butterflies in Europe need protecting(2).Why did Dr. Baum come to a British national park?（分数：3.00）A.Because he needed to present it with a council“s diploma.B.Because he was conce
30、rned about its management.C.Because it was the only national park of its kind in Europe.D.Because it had never before received a diploma from the Council.(3).The last sentence in the second paragraph implies that _.（分数：3.00）A.people should create more natural environment areasB.people would go on pr
31、otecting national parksC.certain areas of countryside should be preservedD.people should defend the right to live in a peaceful environment(4).In Dr. Baum“s opinion, the view that a nature reserve should serve as a tourist attraction is _.（分数：3.00）A.idealisticB.revolutionaryC.short-sightedD.traditio
32、nal(5).Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph?（分数：3.00）A.We have developed industry at the expense of countryside.B.We have forgotten what our original countryside looked like.C.People living on islands should protect natural resources for their survival.D.We should destroy a
33、ll the built up areas.六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Japanese Car Keeps Watch for Drunk DriversA concept car developed by Japanese company Nissan has a breathalyzer-like detection system and other instruments that could help keep drunk or over tired drivers off the road. The car“s sensors check odors inside t
34、he car and monitor a driver“s sweat for traces of alcohol. An in-car computer system can issue an alert or even lock up the ignition system if the driver seems over-the-limit. The air odor sensors are fixed firmly and deeply in the driver and passenger seats, while a detector in the gear-shift knob
35、measures perspiration from the driver“s palm. Other carmakers have developed similar detection systems. For example, Sweden“s Volvo has developed a breathalyzer attached to a car“s seat belt that drivers must blow into before the engine will start. Nissan“s new concept vehicle also includes a dashbo
36、ard-mounted camera that tracks a drivers alertness by monitoring their eyes. It will sound an alarm and issue a spoken warning in Japanese or English if it judges that the driver needs to pull over and rest. The car technology is still in development, but general manager Kazuhiro Doi says the combin
37、ation of different detection systems should improve the overall effectiveness of the technology. “For example, if the gear-shift sensor was bypassed by a passenger using it instead of the driver, the facial recognition system would still be used,“ Doi says. Nissan has no specific timetable for marke
38、ting the system, but aims to use technology to cut the number of fatalities involving its vehicles to half 1995 levels by 2015. The car“s seat belt can also tighten if drowsiness is detected, while an external camera checks that the car is keeping to its lane properly. However, Doi admits that some
39、of the technology, such as the alcohol odor sensor, should be improved. “If you drink one beer, it“s going to register, so we need to study what“s the appropriate level for the system to activate,“ he says. In the U. K., some research groups are using similar advanced techniques to understand driver
40、 behavior and the effectiveness of different road designs.（分数：15.00）(1).Which of the following statements is NOT true of the Japanese concept care?（分数：3.00）A.It has a sensor system that could issue a warning if the driver is drunk.B.It has sensors that detect traces of alcohol inside the car.C.It ha
41、s sensors locked up in the ignition system.D.It has a breathalyzer-like detection system.(2).What has Volvo developed?（分数：3.00）A.The same detection system mentioned in the previous paragraph.B.A breathalyzer attached to a car“s seat belt.C.A smart car seat belt.D.An intelligent engine.(3).What is th
42、e function of the camera mentioned in Paragraph 4?（分数：3.00）A.It monitors the driver“s eyes to see if he needs a rest.B.It judges if the driver wants to pull over.C.It judges if the driver wants to take a rest.D.It issues an alarm when the driver speaks.(4).According to Doi, _.（分数：3.00）A.the overall
43、effectiveness of the detection technology has improvedB.Nissan is making a timetable to market the detection systemC.it is impossible to improve the overall effectiveness of the detection systemD.Nissan aims to improve the detection technology to reduce the fatality rate(5).Which of the following is
44、 NOT mentioned in Paragraph 6?（分数：3.00）A.An external camera checks that the car is going properly.B.The car will automatically keep to its lane.C.The seat belt will tighten when the driver is found drowsy.D.The technology of the alcohol odor sensor should be improved.七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A Sunshade
45、for the PlanetEven with the best will in the world, reducing our carbon emissions is not going to prevent global warming. It has become clear that even if we take the most strong measures to control emissions, the uncertainties in our climate models still leave open the possibility of extreme warmin
46、g and rises in sea level. At the same time, resistance by governments and special interest groups makes it quite possible that the actions suggested by climate scientists might not be implemented soon enough. Fortunately, if the worst comes to the worst, scientists still have a few tricks up their s
47、leeves. For the most part they have strongly resisted discussing these options for fear of inviting a sense of complacency that might thwart efforts to tackle the root of the problem. Until now, that is. A growing number of researchers are taking a fresh look at large-scale “geoengineering“ projects
48、 that might be used to counteract global warming. “I use the analogy of methadone,“ says Stephen Schneider, a climate researcher at Stanford University in California who was among the first to draw attention to global warming. “If you have a heroin addict, the correct treatment is hospitalization, a
49、nd a long rehab. But if they absolutely refuse, methadone is better than heroin. “ Basically the idea is to apply “sunscreen“ to the whole planet. One astronomer has come up with a radical plan to cool the earth; launch trillions of feather-light discs into space, where they would form a vast cloud that would block the sun“s rays. It“s controversial, but recent studies suggest there are ways to deflect just enough of the sunlight reaching the earth“s surface to counteract the warming produced by the greenhouse effect. Global climate models show that blocking just 1.8% of th
