1、职称英语卫生类 A级模拟 64及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.The company endured heavy financial losses.（分数：1.00）A.facedB.reachedC.sufferedD.experienced2.Young people often congregate in the main square in the evenings.（分数：1.00）A.assembleB.assessC.celebrateD.congratulate3.Blend together
2、the eggs, sugar and flour.（分数：1.00）A.mixB.makeC.cookD.eat4.A new technological process may be employed to tap this abundant supply directly.（分数：1.00）A.produceB.reserveC.exploitD.search5.At the age of 30, Hersey suddenly became a celebrity .（分数：1.00）A.bossB.managerC.starD.dictator6.He dived from the
3、bridge to rescue the drowning child.（分数：1.00）A.dragB.findC.helpD.save7.He was reluctant to admit he was wrong.（分数：1.00）A.anxiousB.curiousC.opposedD.unwilling8.Her sister urged her to apply for the job.（分数：1.00）A.advisedB.causedC.forcedD.promised9.Efforts to preserve the peace have failed.（分数：1.00）A.
4、predictB.prohibitC.protectD.prescribe10.The conclusion can be deduced from the premises.（分数：1.00）A.arguedB.derivedC.permittedD.came11.A red flag was placed there as a token of danger.（分数：1.00）A.signB.substituteC.proofD.target12.As time went on, a genuine friendship grew up between us.（分数：1.00）A.deep
5、B.rareC.realD.valuable13.The architecture is harmonious and no building is over six-storey high.（分数：1.00）A.old-fashionedB.traditionalC.conventionalD.balanced14.The index is the government“s chief gauge of future economic activity.（分数：1.00）A.measureB.opinionC.methodD.decision15.The book shows only a
6、superficial understanding of the historical context.（分数：1.00）A.deepB.shallowC.significantD.superior二、第 2部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Stem Cell Therapy May Help Repair the HeartAccording to scientists in the USA, stem cell therapy may one day be able to repair the hearts of people with heart failure. Resear
7、chers at Pittsburgh University School of Medicine examined 20 patients who had severe heart failure and were going to have surgery. They injected stem cells into the parts of their hearts that were damaged. They then compared their hearts with those of people who had undergone surgery without having
8、 the stem cells injected into them (they had also suffered from severe heart failure). The patients who had the stem cells injected had hearts that were able to pump (用泵抽水) more blood than the others. According to Robert Kormos, one of the researchers, these results could revolutionize heart treatme
9、nt. Although previous studies had indicated that there might be a benefit, this is the first study that has actually proved that stem cell therapy can help the failing heart work better. All the patients in this study had hearts that could not pump blood properly. The scientists measured their eject
10、ion fraction (射血分数). This is a measure of heart performance; you measure how much blood is being pumped out by the left ventricle (心室). Healthy people“s ejection fraction is about 55%. These patients had ejection fraction of under 35%. They all had by-pass surgery (搭桥手术) performed on them. Some of t
11、he patients had stem cells taken from their hip bones and injected into 25-30 sites in the damaged heart muscle. Six months later their ejection fraction rate was 46.1% while those who just had surgery but no stem cell injections averaged 37.2%. No side effects were reported. Heart failure is a comm
12、on problem all over the world. In the UK alone about 650,000 people suffer from heart failure every year. As the number of people suffering from heart failure increases in the world in general these findings are particularly significant. Current treatments relieve the symptoms. This new stem cell th
13、erapy actually repairs the damaged muscle in the heart and has the potential of curing the disease.（分数：7.00）(1).The 20 patients had stem cell injections instead of surgery.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).The experiment proved to be satisfactory.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).The
14、 control group patients regretted not having had stem cell injections.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).The study actually proved for the first time the benefit of stem cell therapy.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).The ejection fraction rate of the patients with stem cell injections
15、 decreased.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).Heart failure is more common in the UK than anywhere else in the world.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).Stem cell therapy seems to have great prospects.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)A Baby“s Growth1
16、To describe a baby“s growth, the old saying “one thing leads to another“ should really read, “one thing leads to an explosion“. The perfection of vision and the ability to hold his head up allow appreciation of visual space. The evolution of increasingly efficient reaching also lets the baby appreci
17、ate and participate in his three-dimensional world. 2You may notice that your baby can grab toys with either hand. This is partly because the baby has learned to grasp an object even if it touches his hand lightly or his eyes are averted. By the end of the fourth month, he can probably alternate han
18、ds to grab the toys or transfer a toy from one hand to the other. He may even wave it briskly, then transfer it and repeat the waving, shuttling it back and forth between hands. In imitating the behavior of one hand with the other, the baby may be becoming aware that he can do the same thing with ea
19、ch arm and that each hand is distinct from the other. This awareness is important to his receiving information about space. The baby also begins to see himself act when he repeatedly reaches for and grasps things. He starts to distinguish himself from the outer world. 3If you would like another sign
20、 of this growth process, try one of Gesell“s measures of mental growth, the behavior of a baby before a mirror. According to Gesell, a baby will smile at his image at around twenty weeks of age. Hold your baby up to a mirror and watch him examine the faces there. He will probably attend most to his
21、own image and perhaps smile at it. As his image returns the smile, he may become active and vocalize. He may also look back and forth between your image and you as if the duplication puzzles him. A baby who knows his mother“s face cannot understand two of them. Calling softly to your baby, as he loo
22、ks at your confusing double, complicates matters even further. His turning back to the real you shows that a baby four months old is likely to have the ability of preference in discrimination. 4An early attachment to one objecta toy or a stuffed animalis another index of discrimination, as well as s
23、elf-development, for the baby“s interests are going beyond himself. Most babies do not prefer one toy this early, but some will. After exploring each toy, your baby may start reaching and playing with one special one. In the months to come, the toy or anything else the baby identifies with himself b
24、y wearing or carrying may become a “lovey“. A “lovey“ will be slept with, chewed, hugged, loved, and “talked to“. These “loveies“ give the baby a way of coping with the necessary separations from the mother. A friendly and familiar toy bear may just make him easier on himself. Rather than feeling th
25、reatened, a mother should be flattered by her baby“s extension of affection elsewhere. A baby with the heart to find a “lovey“ is showing early mental resourcefulness and flexibility.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 1 1. A. Gesell“s measure of the baby“s mental growth B. Growth of the baby through playing wit
26、h toys C. The baby“s confusion in front of a mirror D. Significance of each stage of development in a baby“s life E. The baby“s love for “loveies“ indicates early mental resourcefulness and flexibility F. The functions of a “lovey“（分数：1.00）(2).Paragraph 2 1.（分数：1.00）(3).Paragraph 3 1.（分数：1.00）(4).Pa
27、ragraph 4 1.（分数：1.00）(5).The baby“s ability to sense the visual space owes to 1. A. around twenty weeks of age B. feel flattered C. tell one hand from the other D. the perfection of vision and the ability to hold his head up E. has preference among his toys F. explore his toys（分数：1.00）(6).In imitati
28、ng the behavior of one hand with the other, the baby is able to 1.（分数：1.00）(7).A baby will smile at his image at 1.（分数：1.00）(8).The baby“s extension of affection should make the mother 1.（分数：1.00）四、第 4部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Diabetes (糖尿病) and Eye DamageOver 2 million Canadians ha
29、ve diabetes. It is the leading cause of blindness in North Americans under 65 years of age. Diabetes is a condition where the body either cannot produce enough insulin (胰岛素) or cannot respond properly to insulin. Insulin is important because it moves glucose (葡萄糖), a simple sugar, to the body“s cell
30、s from the blood. The food people eat provides the body with glucose, which is used by the cells as a source of energy. If insulin isn“t available or doesn“t work correctly to move glucose from the blood into the cells, glucose will stay in the blood, leading to high blood sugar levels. High blood s
31、ugar levels damage the blood vessels, including the tiny blood vessels in the eye. This leads to an eye disease known as diabetic retinopathy (糖尿病型视网膜病). The retina (视网膜) is an area at the back of the eye that changes light into nerve signals. With diabetic retinopathy, some blood vessels in the ret
32、ina are lost, and some of the other blood vessels begin to “leak“ blood. This causes the retina to swell, and gradually cuts off its supply of oxygen and nutrients (滋养物). Eventually, the retina starts to grow new blood vessels to replace the damaged ones. Unfortunately, these new vessels are not as
33、strong as the old ones. They are more likely to break, causing bleeding in the eye. At first, people with diabetic retinopathy will not notice any symptoms. As the disease gets worse, they may notice blurred (模糊的) vision, black spots or flashing lights. As time goes on, it can progress to blindness.
34、 Everyone with diabetes is at risk for diabetic retinopathy, and the risk increases the longer you“ve had diabetes. Fortunately, you can reduce your risk. If you do not have diabetes, but think you may be at risk for this condition, visit your doctor to be screened for diabetes. If you do have diabe
35、tes: Have frequent eye check-ups. Make sure that you monitor your blood sugar frequently and use your medications as recommended by your doctor. There is evidence to show that keeping your blood sugar under tight control can slow down eye damage. If you have high blood pressure, follow your recommen
36、ded diet and medications to keep it under control. If you are not sure whether you have high blood pressure, or whether your blood pressure is under control, discuss this with your doctor.（分数：15.00）(1).Glucose cannot be turned into energy in the body _.（分数：3.00）A.without diabetesB.without sugarC.wit
37、hout insulinD.without food(2).The word “its“ in the second paragraph refers to _.（分数：3.00）A.“the nerve“s“B.“the blood“s“C.“the eye“s“D.“the retina“s“(3).With diabetic retinopathy, the damaged blood vessels in the retina _.（分数：3.00）A.are stronger than what they used to beB.cannot be properly replaced
38、C.are more likely to break than the new onesD.may return to normal again(4).The worst eye damage induced by diabetes is _.（分数：3.00）A.blurred visionB.black spotsC.blindnessD.flashing lights(5).To slow down eye damage, people with diabetes should try to _.（分数：3.00）A.use as many medications as they can
39、B.eat as little as possibleC.wear glasses as often as possibleD.keep their blood sugar under tight control六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Stress and Heart DiseaseIf you often feel angry and overwhelmed, like the stress in your life is spinning out of control, then you may be hurting your heart. If you don“t wa
40、nt to break your own heart, you need to learn to take charge of your life where you canand recognize there are many things beyond your control. So says Dr. Robert S. Eliot, author of a new book titled From Stress to Strength: How to Lighten Your Load and Save Your Life . He“s a clinical professor of
41、 medicine at the University of Nebraska. Eliot says there are people in this world whom he calls “hot reactors“. For these people, being tense may cause tremendous and rapid increases in their blood pressure. Eliot says researchers have found that stressed people have higher cholesterol levels, amon
42、g other things. “We“ve done years of work in showing that excess alarm or stress chemicals can literally burst heart muscle fibers. When that happens it happens very quickly, within five minutes. It creates many short circuits, and that causes crazy heart rhythms. The heart beats like a bag of worms
43、 instead of a pump. And when that happens, we can“t live.“ Eliot, 64, suffered a heart attack at age 44. He attributes some of the cause to stress. For years he was a “hot reactor“. On the exterior, he was cool, calm and collected, but on the interior, stress was killing him. He“s now doing very wel
44、l. The main predictors of destructive levels of stress are the FUD factorsfear, uncertainty and doubt together with perceived lack of control, he says. For many people, the root of their stress is anger, and the trick is to find out where the anger is coming from. “Does the anger come from a feeling
45、 that everything must be perfect?“ Eliot asks. One step to calming down is to recognize you have this tendency. Learn to be less hostile by changing some of your attitudes and negative thinking. Eliot recommends taking charge of your life. “If there is one word that should be substituted for stress,
46、 it“s control. Instead of the FUD factors, what you want is the NICE factorsnew, interesting, challenging experiences.“ “You have to decide what parts of your life you can control,“ he says. “Stop where you are on your trail and say, “I“m going to get my compass out and find out what I need to do.“
47、He suggests that people write down the six things in their lives that they feel are the most important things they“d like to achieve. Ben Franklin did it at age 32. “He wrote down things like being a better father, being a better husband, being financially independent, being stimulated intellectuall
48、y and remaining even-temperedhe wasn“t good at that.“ From Eliot“s viewpoint, the other key to controlling stress is to realize that there are other troublesome parts of your life over which you can have little or no controllike the economyand politicians.（分数：15.00）(1).What should we do if we don“t
49、want to break our heart?（分数：3.00）A.We need to control our life and recognize that there are many things beyond our control.B.We need to have body examinations often.C.We need to relax ourselves.D.We need to be with our families.(2).What consequences being tense may bring to people?（分数：3.00）A.Heart muscle fibers may be burst.B.Lower cholesterol levels.C.The heart beats like a pump.D.Slow increases in their blood pressure.(3).What does the term “hot reactor“ refer to?（分数：3.00）A.People often change their moods.B.People who often quarrel with others.C.Peopl
