1、职称英语卫生类 A级-51 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.A large sum of money has been Uallocated/U for buying new books for the library. A. assigned B. persuaded C. asked D. ordered（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.The Ugorgeous/U girl standing over there is my younger sister. A. ridiculous B. u
2、gly C. peculiar D. lovely（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.The Empire State Building was Uconceived/U on a grander scale than previous skyscrapers. A. executed B. designed C. financed D. applauded（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.This equipment can produce Uvivid/U images of the organs of the patient for doctors to analyze. A. d
3、im B. blurry C. beautiful D. graphic（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.If the symptoms Upersist/U, consult your doctor. A. insist B. persevere C. continue D. resist（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.The Ucommodities/U were all inspected by the bureau before shipment. A. vehicles B. cartons C. goods D. machines（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.On
4、e thing you need to know is that you dont obtain education only to Ufurther/U your career. A. advance B. deserve C. renew D. retain（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.The activities of credit companies are Uregulated/U by law. A. fought B. abolished C. removed D. controlled（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.At the first explosion,
5、the crowd Uscattered/U. A. separated B. fled C. departed D. spread（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.Poisonous Uvapors/U burst out of the factory during the accident, causing several hundred deaths. A. gases B. threat C. fuels D. bubbles（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.After 1850, various states in the United States began to p
6、ass Ucompulsory/U school attendance laws. A. harsh B. diversified C. mandatory D. complicated（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.We saw a lot of Ucommercial/U buildings in Chicago. A. condemned B. razed C. business D. vacant（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.The bridge had been Uwrecked/U by the explosion. A. shaken B. fallen C.
7、damaged D. trembled（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.He is going to Ucompile/U the data requested by the tax collector. A. sprout B. evade C. redeem D. gather（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.She had to Urestrain/U herself from crying out in pain. A. disallow B. reduce C. prevent D. confine（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、B第 2部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：
8、1，分数：7.00)Disease, Diagnosis, Treatment and PreventionDisease may be defined as the abnormal state in which part or all of the body is not properly adjusted or is not capable of carrying on all its required functions. There are marked variations in the extent of the disease and in its effect on the
9、person.In order to treat a disease, the doctor obviously must first determine the nature of the illnessthat is, make a diagnosis. A diagnosis is the conclusion drawn from a number of facts put together. The doctor must know the symptoms, which are the changes in body function felt by the patient; an
10、d the signs (also called objective symptoms) which the doctor himself can observe. Sometimes a characteristic group of signs (or symptoms) accompanied a given disease. Such a group is called a syndrome. Frequently certain laboratory tests are performed and the results evaluated by the physician in m
11、aking his diagnosis.Although nurses do not diagnose, they play an extremely valuable role in this process by observing closely for signs, encouraging the patient to talk about himself and his symptoms, and then reporting this information to the doctor. Once the patients disorder is known, the doctor
12、 prescribes a course of treatment, also referred to as therapy. Many measures in this course of treatment are carried out by the nurse under the physicians orders.In recent years physicians, nurses and other health workers have taken on increasing responsibilities in prevention. Throughout most of m
13、edical history, the physicians aim has been to cure a patient of an existing disease. However, the modern concept of prevention seeks to stop disease before it actually happensto keep people well through the promotion of health. A vast number of organizations exist for this purpose, ranging from the
14、 World Health Organization (WHO) on an international level down to local private and community health programs. A rapidly growing responsibility of the nursing profession is educating individual patients toward the maintenance of total healthphysical and mental.（分数：7.00）(1).By disease it means the c
15、ondition in which one or more parts of the body fail to function properly. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A syndrome refers to a complex of signs and/or symptoms typical of a specific disease. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The diagnostic aids are indi
16、spensable in any case for a physician to diagnose a disease. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Because nurses can observe patients closely, they have the authority to deal with any critical condition happening to patients. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).M
17、odern medicine attaches much more importance to disease prevention than traditional medicine. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(6).An effective system of disease prevention and treatment has been established in every country all over the world. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数
18、：1.00）A.B.C.D.(7).Generally speaking, the physician is more willing to treat patients physical disease than their mental illness. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.三、B第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Ward off Travel Bugs1 As the holiday season approaches, so does the prospect of jet la
19、g, an upset stomach or sunburn. With care and some help from natural sources, however, it is quite possible to avoid these problems.2 You can start to prepare a couple of weeks before you leave. Food poisoning will make any holiday miserable, but by taking some medicine such as lactobacillus and bif
20、idobacteria, you can reduce the likelihood of succumbing to poisoning brought on by food or water tainted with unfamiliar bacteria.3 By improving the bacteria balance in your digestive tract, you crowd out the pathogenic bacteria and stop them gaining a foothold. The beneficial bacteria also produce
21、 gentle but effective natural antibiotics in your gut.4 In many holiday locations you need to remember the basics: drink bottled water, avoid undercooked meat and ensure that food hygiene is adequate. If you do succumb to food poisoning, drink plenty of water to stay hydrated and see a doctor. Howev
22、er, if you detect diarrhea early enough, you might like to try taking about 10 or 15 pancreatic digestive enzymes, which can digest the multiplying bacteria before they take over.5 Taking a teaspoon of silicol gel can also help. This lines the stomach and upper intestinal area and binds with bacteri
23、a and viruses, allowing them to be safely passed out of the gut. When you pack, include grapefruit-seed extract, which is an excellent all-round anti-bacterial, anti-parasitic, anti-viral and anti-fungal agent.6 Your flight can also be made more pleasant. Peppermint oil and ginger capsules ward off
24、motion sickness, but a more delicious option is to nibble on crystallized ginger. If you tend to get earache on take-off and landing, you can use special earplugs with filler that slows down the rate of change in air pressure.7 The greatest concern is “economy class syndrome“, the popular name for d
25、eep-vein thrombosis, which can lead to blood clots traveling from the legs to the lungs, heart or brain. To reduce this, you need a couple of hours to stay hydrated, and avoid alcohol.8 You can also reduce the severity of inflammation by taking a daily gram of vitamin C with the bioflavonoidquerceti
26、n. Vitamin C and quercetin also help to reduce prickly heat.9 Finally. if any adverse symptoms persist while overseas, you should see a doctor.（分数：8.00）(1).A. Basics of What to Eat and Drink B. Medicine Against Bacteria and Viruses C. Avoiding Holiday Troubles D. Basics of Having a Pleasant Flight E
27、. A Teaspoonful of Helpful Silicol F. Preparations Against Food Poisoning Paragraph 1 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 4 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 5 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 6 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).A. when your plane is about to land B. when you are taking tablets C. when you suffer from
28、 food-poisoning D. when you are travelling E. when you are packing for your tour F. when you are having a cold Food-poisoning may pose a problem _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).Special earplugs can make you feel better _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).It is important to drink a lot of water _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).Dont fo
29、rget to bring necessary medicine _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、B第一篇/B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Who Want to Live Forever?If your doctor could give you a drug that would let you live a healthy life for twice as long, would you take it?The good news is that we may be drawing near to that date
30、. Scientists have already extended the lives of flies, worms and mice in laboratories. Many now think that using genetic treatments we will soon be able to extend human life to at least 140 years.This seems a great idea. Think of how much more time we could spend chasing our dreams, spending time wi
31、th our loved ones, watching our families grow and have families of their own.“Longer life would give us a chance to recover from our mistakes and promote long term thinking,“ says Dr. Gregory Stock of the University of California School of Public Health. “It would also raise productivity by adding t
32、o the year we can work.“Longer lives dont just affect the people who live them. They also affect society as a whole. “We have war, poverty, all sorts of issues around, and I dont think any of them would be at all helped by having people live longer,“ says US bioethicist Daniel Callahan. “The questio
33、n is What will we get as a society? I suspect it wont be a better society.“It would certainly be a very different society. People are already finding it more difficult to stay married. Divorce rates are rising. What would happen to marriage in a society where people lived for 140 years? And what wou
34、ld happen to family life if 9 or 10 generations of the same family were all alive at the same time?Research into ageing may enable women to remain fertile for longer. And that raises the prospect of having 100-year-old parents, or brothers and sisters born 50 years apart. We think of an elder siblin
35、g as someone who can protect us and offer help and advice. That would be hard to do if that sibling came from a completely different generation.Working life would also be affected, especially if the retirement age was lifted. More people would stay in work for longer. That would give us the benefits
36、 of age-skill, wisdom and good judgment.On the other hand, more people working for longer would create greater competition for jobs. It would make it more difficult for younger people to find a job. Top posts would be dominated by the same few individuals, making career progress more difficult. And
37、how easily would a 25-year-old employee be able to communicate with a 125-year-old boss?Young people would be a smaller part of a society in which people lived to 140. It may be that such a society would place less importance on guiding and educating young people, and more on making life comfortable
38、 for the old.And society would feel very different if more of its members were older. There would be more wisdom, but less energy. Young people like to move about. Old people like to sit still. Young people tend to act without thinking. Old people tend to think without acting. Young people are curio
39、us and like to experience different things. Old people are less enthusiastic about change. In fact, they are less enthusiastic about everything.The effect of anti-ageing technology is deeper than we might think. But as the science advances, we need to think about these changes now.“If this could eve
40、r happen, then wed better ask what kind of society we want to get,“ says Daniel Callahan. “We had better not go anywhere near it until we have figure those problems out.“（分数：15.00）(1).Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the things that living longer might enable an individual to do? A.
41、 Spending more time with his family. B. Having more education. C. Realizing more dreams. D. Working longer.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which of the following is implied in the sixth paragraph? A. Marriages in the US today are quite unstable. B. More and more people in the US today want to get married. C. L
42、iving longer would make it easier for people to maintain their marital ties. D. If people live longer, they would stay in marriage longer.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).All of the following are possible effects living longer might have on working life EXCEPT _. A. communication between employers and employees
43、 would be more difficult B. more money would be used by employers in payment of their employees C. the job market would be more competitive D. it would be more difficult for young people to be promoted to top positions（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).An important feature of a society in which people live a long
44、 life is that _. A. it places more emphasis on educating the young B. it is both wise and energetic C. it lacks the curiosity to experiment what is new D. it welcomes changes（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following best describes Callahans attitude to anti-ageing technology? A. Optimistic. B. Pes
45、simistic. C. Reserved. D. Negative.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.六、B第二篇/B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Hypertension Drugs Found to Cut Risk of StrokeAustralian doctors declared Monday that a cocktail of simple antihypertensive drugs can lower the risk of patients suffering a repeat stroke by more than a third. This is the res
46、ult of their research. The research, presented at a medical conference in Italy over the weekend, has been valued highly as a major breakthrough in stroke prevention.Strokes kill 5 million people a year, and more than 15 million suffer non-fatal strokes that often leave them with useless limbs, slur
47、red speech and other serious disabilities. One in five stroke survivors goes on to have a second, often fatal, stroke within five years of the first.An international six-year study of 6,100 patients directed from Sydney University found that by taking two blood pressure-lowering drugs, the risk of s
48、econdary strokes can be reduced by up to 40 percent. Even taking one of the commonly available drugs can cut the risk by a third, the study said. The drugs are the diuretic indapamide (吲达帕胺)and the ACE inhibitor perindopril, better known by its brand name Coversyl. The combination was effective even in patients who did not have h
