1、职称英语卫生类 A 级-45 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1 部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.If I made a mistake, I will try to Uremedy/U it. A. clarify B. diagnose C. evaporate D. correct（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.We Uderive/U information mainly from the Internet. A. deprive B. obtain C. descend D. trace（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3
2、.Many cities have Urestricted/U smoking in public places. A. limited B. allowed C. stopped D. kept（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.He could not Utolerate/U the extremes of heat in the desert. A. bear B. hate C. like D. criticize（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.These factors interact Uintimately/U and cannot be separated. A. te
3、nsely B. nearly C. carefully D. closely（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.Will you please Ucall/U my husband as soon as possible? A. contact B. consult C. phone D. visit（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.We have to Uput up with/U her behavior. A. tolerate B. accept C. swallow D. take（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.They have Ugiven up/U the hop
4、e to save their friend from drowning. A. ended B. abandoned C. built D. strengthen（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.I Useldom/U watch TV. A. rarely B. frequently C. normally D. occasionally（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.The dentist has decided to Utake out/U the girls bad tooth. A. dig B. draw C. pull D. extract（分数：1.00）A.B.
5、C.D.11.The food is Uinsufficient/U for three people. A. instant B. infinite C. inexpensive D. inadequate（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.Thousands of people Uperished/U in the storm. A. died B. suffered C. floated D. scattered（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.But Uin the end/U he approved of our proposal. A. undoubtedly B. ce
6、rtainly C. ultimately D. necessarily（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.For young children, getting dressed is a Ucomplicated/U business. A. strange B. complex C. personal D. funny（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.In Britain and many other countries Uappraisal/U is now a tool of management. A. evaluation B. efficiency C. product
7、ion D. publicity（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、B第 2 部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Mother Nature Shows Her StrengthTornadoes (龙卷风) and heavy thunderstorms moved across the Great Lakes and into Trumbull County on Saturday evening: The storms were dramatic and dangerous.George Snyder was driving the fire truck down Rout
8、e 88 when he first noticed that a funnel (漏斗状的) cloud was behind him. “I stopped the truck and watched the funnel cloud. It was about 100 feet off the ground and I saw it go up and down for a while. It was moving toward Bradley Road and then suddenly it disappeared,“ Snyder said.Snyder only saw one
9、of the funnel clouds that passed through northeastern Ohio on Saturday. In Trumbull County, a tornado turned trees onto their sides. Some trees feel onto houses and cars. Other trees fell into telephone and electrical wires as they went down.Amanda Symcheck was having a party when the storm began. “
10、I knew something was wrong,“ she said. “I saw the sky go green and pink (粉红色). Then it sounded like a train rushing toward the house. I started crying and told everyone to go to the basement for protection.“The tornado caused a lot of damage to cars and houses in the area. It will take a long time a
11、nd much money to repair everything. There was also serious water damage from the thunderstorms. The heavy rains and high wind caused the power to go out in many homes.The storms caused serious flooding in areas near the river. More than four inches of rain fell in parts of Trumbull County. The river
12、 was so hight that the water ran into streets and houses. Many streets had to be closed to cars and trucks because of the high water. This made it difficult for fire trucks, police cars, and other rescue vehicles to help people who were in trouble.Many people who live near the river had to leave the
13、ir homes for their own safety. Some people reported five feet of water in their homes. Local and state officials opened emergency shelters for the people who were evacuated (撤走). The Red Cross served meals to them.“This was a really intense storm,“ said Snyder. “People were afraid. Mother Nature cal
14、l be fierce. We were lucky this time. No one was killed.“（分数：7.00）(1).The weather was nice in Trumbull County on Saturday evening. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).George Snyder was a firefighter. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Amanda Symcheck was having
15、 a party in the basement when the storm began. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Power supply system was not damaged during the storm. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).There had not been such a severe storm in Trumbull County for a hundred years. A. Right B
16、. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(6).Rescue vehicles had a hard time getting to people. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(7).Several people were missing during the storm. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.三、B第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Old Man Myths and
17、Realities1. When does a middle-aged man become an old man? Officially, of course, its when we reach retirement age. But, as we all know, this is a fairly blunt (生硬的) method of decision making. As life expectancy (预期寿命) increases, retirement planning needs to be changed. This is because being an old
18、man today is very different from what it was a generation or so ago.2. Sixty-five is the new middle-aged man. These days people are talking about the young-old, that is ages 70 to 75, and those over 75 as the old-old. The young-old frequently continue in good health and maintain strong links with fr
19、iends and family. The old-old have a much higher chance of poor health and social isolation.3. Although men are living longer, there are still more old women than old men. This fact alone should arouse interest as to why. Relatively little is actually known about why this is the case or about the ex
20、periences of the old man. Sure, we are aware that the old man experiences anxiety, financial problems, loneliness, etc, but thats really about all we know.4. It is usually believed that the old man often complains about their health. In fact, most old man think their health is good even though most
21、are diagnosed with at least one chronic illness. The physical health of the old man is strongly affected by their health behavior when they were younger.A. New Definitions of the Old ManB. Changing Concept of the Old ManC. Health of the Old ManD. Happy Old Man and Sad Old ManE. Limited Knowledge of
22、the Old Mans ExperiencesF. Contempt for the Old Man（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 1 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 2 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 3 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 4 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).A. in good health B. in the past C. in the wrong D. the old man E. a middle-aged man F. a young man Nowa
23、days men generally live longer than _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).A man in his mid-60s is now regarded as _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).More research should be done on the experiences of _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).Most old men consider themselves to be _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4 部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、B第一篇/B(总题数：1，分数：1
24、5.00)Preserving Nature for FutureDemands for stronger protection for wildlife in Britain sometimes hide the fact that similar needs are felt in the rest of Europe. Studies by the Council of Europe, of which 21 countries are members, have shown that 45% of reptile (爬行动物) species and 24% of butterflie
25、s (蝴蝶) are in danger of dying out.European concern for wildlife was outlined by Dr. Peter Baum, an expert in the environment and natural resources division of the council, when he spoke at a conference arranged by the administrators of a British national park. The park is one of the few areas in Eur
26、ope to hold the councils diploma (证书) for nature reserves (自然保护区) of the highest quality, and Dr. Baum had come to present it to the park once again. He was afraid that public opinion was turning against national parks, and that those set up in the 1960s and 1970s could not be set up today. But Dr.
27、Baum clearly remained a strong supporter of the view that natural environments needed. To be allowed to survive in peace in their own right.“No area could be expected to survive both as a true nature reserve and as a tourist attraction“, he went on. The short sighted view that reserves had to serve
28、immediate human demands for outdoor recreation (户外娱乐) should be replaced by full acceptance of their importance as places to preserve nature for the future.“We forget that they are the guarantee of life systems, on which any built-up area ultimately depends,“ Dr. Baum went on. “We could manage witho
29、ut most industrial products, but we could not manage without nature. However, our natural environment areas, which are the original parts of our countryside, have shrunk (缩小) to become mere islands in a spoiled and highly polluted Landmass.“（分数：15.00）(1).Recent studies by the Council of Europe have
30、indicated that _. A. Britain is the only country where wildlife needs more protection B. all species of wildlife in Europe are in danger of dying out C. there are fewer species of reptiles and butterflies in Europe than elsewhere D. many species of reptiles and butterflies in Europe need protecting（
31、分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Why did Dr. Baum come to a British national park? A. Because he needed to present it with a councils diploma. B. Because he was concerned about its management. C. Because it was the only national park of its kind in Europe. D. Because it had never before received a diploma from t
32、he Council.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The last sentence in the second paragraph implies that _. A. people should create more natural environment areas B. people would go on protecting national parks C. certain areas of countryside should be preserved D. people should defend the right to live in a peaceful
33、 environment（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).In Dr. Baums opinion, the view that a nature reserve should serve as a tourist attraction is _. A. idealistic B. revolutionary C. short-sighted D. traditional（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. We have developed ind
34、ustry at the expense of countryside. B. We have forgotten what our original countryside looked like. C. People living on islands should protect natural resources for their survival. D. We should destroy all the built up areas.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.六、B第二篇/B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Japanese Car Keeps Watch for Drun
35、k DriversA concept car developed by Japanese company Nissan has a breathalyzer-like detection system and other instruments that could help keep drunk or over tired drivers off the road.The cars sensors check odors inside the car and monitor a drivers sweat for traces of alcohol. An in-car computer s
36、ystem can issue an alert or even lock up the ignition system if the driver seems over-the-limit. The air odor sensors are fixed firmly and deeply in the driver and passenger seats, while a detector in the gear-shift knob measures perspiration from the drivers palm.Other carmakers have developed simi
37、lar detection systems. For example, Swedens Volvo has developed a breathalyzer attached to a cars seat belt that drivers must blow into before the engine will start.Nissans new concept vehicle also includes a dashboard-mounted camera that tracks a drivers alertness by monitoring their eyes. It will
38、sound an alarm and issue a spoken warning in Japanese or English if it judges that the driver needs to pull over and rest.The car technology is still in development, but general manager Kazuhiro Doi says the combination of different detection systems should improve the overall effectiveness of the t
39、echnology. “For example, if the gear-shift sensor was bypassed by a passenger using it instead of the driver, the facial recognition system would still be used,“ Doi says. Nissan has no specific timetable for marketing the system, but aims to use technology to cut the number of fatalities involving
40、its vehicles to half 1995 levels by 2015.The cars seat belt can also tighten if drowsiness is detected, while an external camera checks that the car is keeping to its lane properly. However, Doi admits that some of the technology, such as the alcohol odor sensor, should be improved. “If you drink on
41、e beer, its going to register, so we need to study whats the appropriate level for the system to activate,“ he says.In the U.K., some research groups are using similar advanced techniques to understand driver behavior and the effectiveness of different road designs.（分数：15.00）(1).Which of the followi
42、ng statements is NOT true of the Japanese concept care? A. It has a sensor system that could issue a warning if the driver is drunk. B. It has sensors that detect traces of alcohol inside the car. C. It has sensors locked up in the ignition system. D. It has a breathalyzer-like detection system.（分数：
43、3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What has Volvo developed? A. The same detection system mentioned in the previous paragraph. B. A breathalyzer attached to a cars seat belt. C. A smart car seat belt. D. An intelligent engine.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What is the function of the camera mentioned in Paragraph 4? A. It moni
44、tors the drivers eyes to see if he needs a rest. B. It judges if the driver wants to pull over. C. It judges if the driver wants to take a rest. D. It issues an alarm when the driver speaks.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to Doi, _. A. the overall effectiveness of the detection technology has improve
45、d B. Nissan is making a timetable to market the detection system C. it is impossible to improve the overall effectiveness of the detection system D. Nissan aims to improve the detection technology to reduce the fatality rate（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following is NOT mentioned in Paragraph 6?
46、 A. An external camera checks that the car is going properly. B. The car will automatically keep to its lane. C. The seat belt will tighten when the driver is found drowsy. D. The technology of the alcohol odor sensor should be improved.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.七、B第三篇/B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A Sunshade for the Pla
47、netEven with the best will in the world, reducing our carbon emissions is not going to prevent global warming. It has become clear that even if we take the most strong measures to control emissions, the uncertainties in our climate models still leave open the possibility of extreme warming and rises in sea level. At the same time, resistance by governments and special interest groups makes it quite possible that the actions suggested by climate scientists might not be implemented soon enough.Fortunately, if the worst comes to the worst, scientists still have a few
