1、职称英语卫生类 A级-3 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.John is collaborating with Mary in writing an article.（分数：1.00）A.cooperatingB.competingC.combiningD.arguing2.A great deal has been done to remedy the situation.（分数：1.00）A.maintainB.improveC.assessD.protect3.But in the end he a
2、pproved of our proposal.（分数：1.00）A.undoubtedlyB.certainlyC.ultimatelyD.necessarily4.The food is Uinsufficient/U for three people. Ainstant Binfinite C inexpensive Dinadequate（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.These are their motives for doing it.（分数：1.00）A.reasonsB.excusesC.answersD.plans6.In Britain and many other
3、 countries appraisal is now a tool of management.（分数：1.00）A.evaluationB.productionC.efficiencyD.publicity7.The river widens considerably as it begins to turn west.（分数：1.00）A.twistsB.stretchesC.broadensD.bends8.All the cars are tested for defects before leaving the factory.（分数：1.00）A.functionsB.fault
4、sC.motionsD.parts9.Henry cannot resist the lure of drugs.（分数：1.00）A.abuseB.flavorC.temptationD.consumption10.Thousands of people perished in the storm.（分数：1.00）A.diedB.sufferedC.floatedD.scattered11.These programmes are of immense value to old people.（分数：1.00）A.naturalB.fatalC.tinyD.enormous12.Heari
5、ng problems may be alleviated by changes in diet and exercise habits.（分数：1.00）A.removedB.curedC.worsenedD.relieved13.He is determined to consolidate his power.（分数：1.00）A.strengthenB.controlC.abandonD.exercise14.Many scientists have been probing psychological problems.（分数：1.00）A.solvingB.exploringC.s
6、ettlingD.handling15.For young children, getting dressed is a complicated business.（分数：1.00）A.strangeB.complexC.personalD.funny二、B第 2部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。BStem Cell Therapy May Help Repair the Heart/BAccording to scientists in the USA, stem cell therapy may o
7、ne day be able to repair the hearts of people with heart failure. Researchers at Pittsburgh University School of Medicine examined 20 patients who had severe heart failure and were going to have surgery.They injected stem cells into the parts of their hearts that were damaged. They then compared the
8、ir hearts with those of people who had undergone surgery without having the stem cells injected into them (they had also suffered from severe heart failure). The patients who had had the stem cells injected had hearts that were able to pump (用泵抽运) more blood than the others.According to Professor Ro
9、bert Kormos, one of the researchers, these results could revolutionize heart treatment. Although previous studies had indicated that there might be a benefit, this is the first study that has actually proved that stem cell therapy can help the failing heart work better.All the patients in this study
10、 had hearts that could not pump blood properly. The scientists measured their ejection fraction (射血分数). This is a measure of heart performance; you measure how much blood is being pumped out by the left ventricle (心室).Healthy peoples ejection fraction is about 55%. These patients had ejection fracti
11、on of under 35%. They all had by-pass surgery (搭桥手术) performed on them. Some of the patients had stem cells taken from their hip bones and injected into 25-30 sites in the damaged heart muscle. Six months later their ejection fraction rate was 46.1% while those who just had surgery but no stem cell
12、injections averaged 37.2%.No side effects were reported.Heart failure is a common problem all over the world. In the UK alone about 650,000 people suffer from heart failure every year. As the number of people suffering from heart failure increases in the world in general these findings are particula
13、rly significant.Current treatments relieve the symptoms. This new stem cell therapy actually repairs the damaged muscle in the heart and has the potential of curing the disease.（分数：7.00）(1).The 20 patients had stem cell injections instead of surgery.（分数：1.00）A.ARight B.BWrong C.CNot mentioned(2).The
14、 experiment proved to be satisfactory.（分数：1.00）A.ARight B.BWrong C.CNot mentioned(3).The control group patients regretted not having had stem cell injections.（分数：1.00）A.ARight B.BWrong C.CNot mentioned(4).The study actually proved for the first time the benefit of stem cell therapy.（分数：1.00）A.ARight
15、 B.BWrong C.CNot mentioned(5).The ejection fraction rate of the patients with stem cell injections decreased.（分数：1.00）A.ARight B.BWrong C.CNot mentioned(6).Heart failure is more common in the UK than anywhere else in the world.（分数：1.00）A.ARight B.BWrong C.CNot mentioned(7).Stem cell therapy seems to
16、 have great prospects.（分数：1.00）A.ARight B.BWrong C.CNot mentioned三、B第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有 2项测试任务：(1)第 2326 题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 14段每段选择 1个正确的小标题；(2)第 2730 题要求从所给的 6个选项中选择 4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。BThe Drink Your Body Needs Most/B1 Our bodies are estimated to be about 60 to 70% water. Blood i
17、s mostly water, and our muscles, lungs, and brain all contain a lot of water. Water is needed to regulate body temperature and to provide the means for nutrients (滋养物) to travel to all our organs. Water also transports oxygen to our cells, removes waste, and protects our joints and organs.2 We lose
18、water through urination (腓尿), respiration (呼吸), and by sweating. If you are very active, you lose more water than if you do not take much exercise. Symptoms of mild dehydration (脱水) include chronic pains in joints and muscles, lower back pain, headaches, and constipation (便秘). A strong smell to your
19、 urine, along with a yellow color indicates that you are not getting enough water. Thirst is an obvious sign of dehydration and in fact, you need water long before you feel thirsty.3 A good rule of thumb (好的做法) is to take your body weight in pounds and divide that number in half. That gives you the
20、number of ounces (盎司) of water per day that you need. For example, if you weigh 160 pounds, you should drink at least 80 ounces of water perday. If you exercise you should drink another 8-ounce glass of water for every 20 minutes you are active. If you drink coffee or alcohol, you should add at leas
21、t an equal amount of water. When you are traveling on an airplane, it is good to have 8 ounces of water for every hour you are on board the plane.4 It may be difficult to drink enough water on a busy day. Be sure you have water handy at all times by keeping a bottle for water with you when you are w
22、orking, traveling, or exercising. If you get bored with plain water, add a bit of lemon for a touch of flavor. There are some brands of flavored water available, but some of them have sugar or artificial sweeteners that you dont need.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 1_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 2_（分数：1.00）
23、填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 3_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 4_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).One cannot live_.Ain your body（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).Dehydration may occur if there is a shortage of water_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).The amount of water your body needs per day is closely related_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).Dont forget to d
24、rink enough water even_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：3，分数：45.00)下面有 3篇短文，每篇短文后有 5道题，每道题后面有 4个选项。请根据文章的内容，从每题所给的 4个选项中选择 1个最佳答案。B第一篇/BBMore Than a Ride to School/BThe National Education Association claims, “The school bus is a mirror of the community.“ They further add that, unfortunately, wha
25、t appears on the exterior does not always reflect the reality of a chosen community. They are right sometimes it reflects more! Just ask Liesl Denson. Riding the school bus has been more than a ride to school for Liesl.Bruce Hardy, school bus driver for Althouse Bus Company has been Liesls bus drive
26、r since kindergarten. Last year when Liesls family moved to Parkesburg, knowing her bus went by her new residence, she requested to ride the same bus.This year Liesl is a senior and will enjoy her last year riding the bus. She says, “Its been a great ride so far! My bus driver is so cool and has alw
27、ays been a good friend and a good listener. Sometimes when youre a child adults do not think that what you have to say is important. Mr. Hardy always listens to what you have to say and makes you feel important.“ Her friends Ashley Batista and Amanda Wolfe agree.Bruce Hardy has been making Octorara
28、students feel special since 1975. This year he will celebrate 30 years working for Althouse Bus Company. Larry Althouse, president of the company, acknowledges Bruce Hardys outstanding record: “You do not come by employees like Bruce these days. He has never missed a day of work and hasa perfect dri
29、ving record. He was recognized in 2000 by the Pennsylvania School Bus Association for driving 350,000 accident free miles. Hardys reputation is made further evident through the relationships he has made with the students that ride his bus.“Althouse further adds, “Althouse Bus Company was established
30、 70 years ago and has been providing quality transportation ever since. My grandfather started the business with one bus. Althouse Bus Company is delighted to have the opportunity to bring distinctive and safe service to our local school and community and looks forward to continuing to provide quali
31、ty service for many more years to come.“Three generations of business is not all the company has enjoyed. Thanks to drivers like Bruce Hardy, they have been building relationships through generations. Liesls mother Carol also enjoys fond memories of riding Bruce Hardys bus to the Octorara School Dis
32、trict.（分数：15.00）(1).The word “mirror“ in the first line could be best replaced by（分数：3.00）A.“vehicle“.B.“device“.C.“need“.D.“reflection“.(2).Bruce Hardy has been working with Althouse Bus Company（分数：3.00）A.for 30 years.B.for 70 years.C.since last year.D.since 2000.(3).Which of the following statemen
33、ts is NOT true of Bruce Hardy?（分数：3.00）A.He is popular with his passengers.B.He has never missed a day of work.C.He is an impatient person.D.He has driven 350,000 accident free miles.(4).Althouse Bus Company was founded by（分数：3.00）A.Larry Althouse.B.Althouses grandfather.C.Liesls mother.D.Ashley Bat
34、ista.(5).Althouse Bus Company pays much attention to（分数：3.00）A.employing young drivers.B.running quality schools.C.providing free driving lessons.D.building sound relationships.B第二篇/BBDiabetes (糖尿病) and Eye Damage/BOver 2 million Canadians have diabetes. It is the leading cause of blindness in North
35、 Americans under 65 years of age. Diabetes is a condition where the body either cannot produce enough insulin (胰岛素)or cannot respond properly to insulin. Insulin is important because it moves glucose (葡萄糖), a simple sugar, into the bodys cells from the blood. The food people eat provides the body wi
36、th glucose, which is used by the cells as a source of energy. If insulin isnt available or doesnt work correctly to move glucose from the blood into the cells, glucose will stay in the blood, leading to high blood sugar levels.High blood sugar levels damage the blood vessels, including the tiny bloo
37、d vessels in the eye. This leads to an eye disease known as diabetic retinopathy (糖尿病型视网膜病). The retina (视网膜) is an area at the back of the eye that changes light into nerve signals. With diabetic retinopathy, some blood vessels in the retina are lost, and some of the other blood vessels begin to “l
38、eak“ blood. This causes the retina to swell, and gradually cuts off its supply of oxygen and nutrients (滋养物). Eventually, the retina starts to grow new blood vessels to replace the damaged ones. Unfortunately, these new vessels are not as strong as the old ones. They are more likely to break, causin
39、g bleeding in the eye.At first, people with diabetic retinopathy will not notice any symptoms. As the disease gets worse, they may notice blurred (模糊的) vision, black spots or flashing lights. As time goes on, it can progress to blindness. Everyone with diabetes is at risk for diabetic retinopathy, a
40、nd the risk increases the longer youve had diabetes.Fortunately, you can reduce your risk. If you do not have diabetes, but think you may be at risk for this condition, visit your doctor to be screened for diabetes. If you do have diabetes: Have frequent eye check-ups. Make sure that you monitor you
41、r blood sugar frequently and use your medications as recommended by your doctor. There is evidence to show that keeping your blood sugar under tight control can slow down eye damage. If you have high blood pressure, follow your recommended diet and medications to keep it under control. If you are no
42、t sure whether you have high blood pressure, or whether your blood pressure is under control, discuss this with your doctor.（分数：15.00）(1).Glucose cannot be turned into energy in the body（分数：3.00）A.without diabetes,B.without sugar,C.without insulin.D.without food.(2).The word “its“ in the second para
43、graph refers to（分数：3.00）A.“the nerves“.B.“the bloods“.C.“the eyes“.D.“the retinas“.(3).With diabetic retinopathy, the damaged blood vessels in the retina（分数：3.00）A.are stronger than what they used to be.B.cannot be properly replaced.C.are more likely to break than the new ones.D.may return to normal
44、 again.(4).The worst eye damage induced by diabetes is（分数：3.00）A.blurred vision.B.black spots.C.blindness.D.flashing lights.(5).To slow down eye damage, people with diabetes should try to（分数：3.00）A.use as many medications as they can.B.eat as little as possible.C.wear glasses as often as possible.D.
45、keep their blood sugar under tight control.B第三篇/BBMilk That Paid a Medical Bill/BOne day, a poor boy who was selling goods from door to door to pay his way through school found he had only one thin dime (10分钱) left, and he was hungry.He decided he would ask for a meal at the next house. However, he
46、lost his nerve when a lovely young woman opened the door. Instead of a meal he asked for a drink of water. She thought he looked hungry so she brought him a large glass of milk. He drank it slowly, and then asked, “How much do I owe you?“ “You dont owe me anything,“ she replied. “Mother has taught u
47、s never to accept pay for a kindness.“ He said, “Then I thank you from my head.“As Howard Kelly left that house, he not only felt stronger physically, but his faith in God and man was strong also. He had been ready to give up and quit.Years later that young woman became critically iii. The local doc
48、tors were baffled (感到困惑). They finally sent her to the big city, where they called in specialists to study her rare disease. Dr. Howard Kelly was called in for the consultation. When he heard the name of the town she came from, a strange light filled his eyes. Immediately he rose and went down the hall of the hospital to her room. Dressed in his doctors gown he went in to see her. He recognized her at once. He went back to the consultation room determined to do his best to save her life. From that day he gave special attention to the case. After a long struggl
