1、职称英语卫生类 A、B、C 级综合试卷-35 及答案解析(总分：88.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.The research team needs to confer with the director before it begins its final report.A. argue B. debate C. compute D. consult（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.The attack on Fort Sumter near Charleston provoked a sharp response from th
2、e North, which led to the American Civil War. A. demanded B. elicited C. extracted D. defied（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.We have to ask them to quit talking in order that all people present could hear us clearly.A. decrease B. cease C. continue D. keep（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.Throughout most of their lives, human b
3、eings perpetually learn and increase their mental capacities.A. actually B. readily C. finally D. constantly（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.Herbal medicine (草药) can be used to cure sleeplessness.A. disrupt B. diagnose C. evaporate D. remedy（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.What makes a mayor successful in Los Angeles is the st
4、rength of his public support.A. concentration B. intensity C. conservation D. stress（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.Its tough finding a job these days.A. impossible B. difficultC. lucky D. easy（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.In the Mesozoic period, the upward thrust of great rock masses created the Rocky Mountains and the Al
5、ps.A. collision B. angle C. push D. erosion（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.It took me a whole hour to solve the problem.A. work at B. work on C. work out D. work over（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.The recycling of aluminum conserves ninety-five percent of the energy needed to make new metal.A. cleaning B. reprocessing C. r
6、eselling D. crushing（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.She always finds fault with everythingA. simplifies B. criticizes C. evaluates D. examines（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.I reserve the right to disagree.A. deserve B. keep C. perceive D. notice（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.The ice is not thick enough to bear the weight of a tank.A
7、. suffer B. acceptC. receive D. endure（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.The sea turtles natural habitat has been considerably reduced.A. suddenly B. greatly C. generally D. slightly（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.She shows little regard for the feelings of others and does exactly what she wants to.A. feeling B. love C. consi
8、deration D. sense（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)The idea of test-tube babies may make you starry-eyed with delight at the wonders of modern medicine or bleary-eyed with considering the moral/legal implications of starting life in a laboratory. But if youve ever been pregnant(怀孕的)yoursel
9、f, one thing is certain: You wonder what its like to carry a test-tube baby. Are these pregnancies normal? Are the babies normal?The earliest answers come from Australia, where a group of medical experts at the Queen Victoria Medical Center in Melbourne have taken a look at the continents first nine
10、 successful test-tube pregnancies. The Australians report that the pregnancies themselves seemed to proceed according to plan, but at birth some unusual trends did show up. Seven of the nine babies turned out to be girls. Six of the nine were delivered by Caesarean section(剖腹产术). And one baby, a twi
11、n, was born with a serious heart defect and a few days later developed life-threatening abdominal(腹剖的)problems.What does it all mean? Even the doctors dont know for sure, because the numbers are so small. The proportion of girls to boys is high, but until there are many more test-tube babies, no one
12、 will know whether thats pure coincidence(巧合)or something special. The same thing is true of the single heart defect; it usually shows up in only 15 out of 60,000 births in that part of Australia, but the fact that it occurred in one out of nine test-tube babies does not necessarily mean that they a
13、re at special risk. One thing the doctors can explain is the high number of Caesareans.The Australian researchers report that they are quite encouraged. All the babies are now making normal progress-even the twin with the birth defects.（分数：7.00）(1).Doctors are sure that more test-tube babies are gir
14、ls than boys.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(2).Test-tube babies with heart defect will die.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(3).It cost much to have a test-tube baby.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(4).Its very dangerous to have a test-tube baby.A.
15、 Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(5).The idea of test-tube babies is quite amazing.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(6).Doctors cant explain the high number of caesareans.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(7).Doctors will make more test-tube baby experime
16、nts.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.三、第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：2，分数：12.00)Ford 1 Fords great strength was the manufacturing process-not invention. Long before he started a car company, he was a worker, known for picking up pieces of metal and wire and turning men into machines. He starte
17、d putting cars together in 1891. Although it was by no means the first popular automobile, the Model T showed the world just how creative Ford was at combining technology and market. 2 The companys assembly line alone threw Americas Industrial Revolution into overdrive (高速运转). Instead of having work
18、ers put together the entire car ,Fords friends, who were great toolmakers from Scotland, organized teams that added parts to each Model T as it moved down a line. By the time Fords Highland Park plant was humming(嗡嗡作响)along in 1914. the worlds first automatic conveyor belt could turn out a car every
19、 93 minutes. 3 The same year Henry Ford shocked the world with the$5.a. day minimum wage scheme. the greatest contribution he had ever made. The average wage in the auto industry then was $2.34 for a 9-hour shift. Ford not only doubled that, he also took an hour off the workday. In those years it wa
20、s unthinkable that a man could be paid that much for doing something that didnt involve an awful lot of training or education. The Wall Street Journal called the plan“an economic crime“, and critics everywhere laughed at Ford. 4 But as the wage increased later to daily$10, it proved a Critical compo
21、nent of Fords dream to make the automobile accessible(可及的)to all. The critics were too stupid to understand that because Ford had lowered his costs per car, the higher wages didnt matterexcept for making it possible for more people to buy Cars. A. Fords FollowersB. The Assesmbly LineC. Fords Great D
22、remD. The Establishment of the CompanyE. Fords Biggest ContributionF. Fords Great Talent（分数：4.00）(1).Paragraph 1_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 2_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 3_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 4_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_The Drink Your Body Needs Most1 Our bodies are estimated to be about 60
23、 to 70% water. Blood is mostly water, and our muscles, lungs, and brain all contain a lot of water. Water is needed to regulate body temperature and to provide the means for nutrients (滋养物)to travel to all our organs. Water also transports oxygen to our cells, removes waste, and protects our joints
24、and organs.2 We lose water through urination (排尿), respiration (呼吸), and by sweating. If you are very active, you lose more water than if you do not take much exercise. Symptoms of mild dehydration (脱水) include chronic pains in joints and muscles, lower back pain, headaches, and constipation (便秘). A
25、 strong smell to your urine, along with a yellow color indicates that you are not getting enough water. Thirst is an obvious sign of dehydration and in fact, you need water long before you feel thirsty.3 A good rule of thumb (好的做法) is to take your body weight in pounds and divide that number in half
26、. That gives you the number of ounces (盎司) of water per day that you need. For example, if you weigh 160 pounds, you should drink at least 80 ounces of water per day. If you exercise you should drink another 8-ounce glass of water for every 20 minutes you are active. If you drink coffee or alcohol,
27、you should add at least an equal amount of water. When you are traveling on an airplane, it is good to have 8 ounces of water for every hour you are on board the plane.4 It may be difficult to drink enough water on a busy day. Be sure you have water handy at all times by keeping a bottle for water w
28、ith you when you are working, traveling, or exercising. If you get bored with plain water, add a bit of lemon for a touch of flavor. There are some brands of flavored water available, but some of them have sugar or artificial sweeteners that you dont need.（分数：8.00）(1).One cannot live_.Ain your bodyB
29、without waterCbefore longDfor a changeEon a busy dayFto your weight（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Dehydration may occur if there is a shortage of water_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).The amount of water your body needs per day is closely related_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Dont forget to drink enough water even_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1
30、:_(5).Paragraph 1_AOunces of water needed per dayBImportance of waterCComposition of waterDSigns of dehydrationESupply of waterFNecessity for bringing a bottle for water with you（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).Paragraph 2_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).Paragraph 3_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).Paragraph 4_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4部分：阅读
31、理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Problems of AnxietyTraining as mental-health professionals is supposed to be “color blind“. That sounds fine but in practice it means that people from black and ethnic groups get an unfair treatment because their particular problems are seldom acknowledged.So a
32、project was piloted involving Bangladeshi women in inner-city London, most of whom migrated to the U.K. in the 1960s and 1970s from a rural background. Many of these women turned to their doctors with common symptoms of anxiety, such as headaches, sleeping difficulties, loss of appetite and lack of
33、energy. They were usually prescribed tranquillizers or even Vitamin C. Since the underlying causes remained, the women visited their doctors with increasing frequency and some were referred on to mental-health professionals.The psychologists wanted to see how normal Western approaches to anxiety pro
34、blems might work when applied across cultures. However, they found that many things in the standard approach had to be changed. They had to translate many of the usual examples they would normally compare learning to relax with learning to drive, for instance, which would not have been culturally ap
35、propriate. At first they asked the women to rate, on a scale one to ten, the effect of relaxation on their level of anxiety. They found numbers an odd way of expressing how they were feeling. So psychologists shifted their focus to words and talked of five stages form “very good“ to “very bad“.As it
36、 was a pilot project, there were shortcomings. Psychologists looked for too little back-up and did not collect as much objective data as they might have done with a white group. They fell into the white stereotype of assuming that Bangladeshi women would find the use of various checklists and writte
37、n records foreign. Perhaps racism has conditioned the professionals to a greater extent than they expected. Psychologists found that using a Western model across cultures has potential. But it needs political, financial and personal commitment.（分数：15.00）(1).What is meant in Para. 1 by “color blind“?
38、A. Not liking people from ethnic groups.B. Giving special treatment to ethnic groups.C. Unable to distinguish certain colors.D. Not treating ethnic groups differently.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The Bangladeshi women continued to visit their doctors because _.A. they were lonely and isolatedB. the reasons
39、for their problems were still thereC. they were prescribed drugsD. they were referred to mental health professionals（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The standard approach to treating anxiety had to be changed because _.A. the cultural background of the women was very different from the standard oneB. the Bangla
40、deshis were exposed to racist harassment and language difficultiesC. the Bangladeshi women asked them to change itD. the women could not relax（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What has led to the failure of the mental-health professionals collecting sufficient data?A. They fall into stereotypes resulted from the
41、 influence of racism.B. They have language problems while communicating with the women.C. They want to protect the women from racism.D. Bangladeshi women do not want to tell the psychologists their feelings.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following statement can best summarize the main idea of the
42、 passage?A. Bangladeshi women living in Britain suffer from different levels of anxiety.B. Western models prove to be unsuccessful in treating psychological problems of ethnic groups.C. Mental problems of ethnic groups have not got due recognition.D. People relate better to people of similar backgro
43、unds.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：7.00)LaughterThere is an old saying in English: “Laughter is the best medicine“. Until recently, few people took the saying very seriously. Now, however, doctors have begun to investigate laughter and the effects it has on the human body. They have found evidence
44、 that laughter really can improve peoples health.Tests were carried out to study the effects of laughter on the body. People watched funny films, while doctors checked their heart rate, blood pressure, breathing and muscles. It was found that laughter has similar effects to physical exercise. It inc
45、reases blood pressure, the heart rate and the rate of breathing; it also works several groups of muscles in the face, the stomach, and even the feet. If laughter exercises the body, it must be beneficial.Other tests have shown that laughter appears to be capable of reducing the effect of pain on the
46、 body. In one experiment doctors produced pain in groups of students who listened to different radio programs. The group which tolerated the pain for the longest time was the group which listened to a funny program. The reason why laughter can reduce pain seems to be that it helps to produce endorph
47、ins (内啡肽) in the brain. These are natural chemicals which diminish both stress and pain,There is also some evidence to suggest that laughter helps the bodys immune system, that is, the system which fights infection. In an experiment, one group of students watched a funny video while another group se
48、rved as the control group - in other words, a group with which to compare the first group. Doctors checked the blood of the students in both groups and found that the people in the group that watched the video had an increase in the activity of their white blood cells, that is, the cells which fight infection.As a result of these discoveries, some doctors and psychiatrists (精神病学家) in the United States now hold laughter clinics, in which they try to improve their patients condition by encouraging them to laugh, They have found that even if their patients do not real
