1、职称英语卫生类 A、B、C 级综合试卷-31 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.One-room schoolhouses can still be found in isolated areas of North Americ a.A. bareB. deprivedC. remoteD. developed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.Maine is justly famous for its beautiful lakes and ponds. A. only B. rightfully C.
2、legally D. simply（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.The old car jolted along the country road at a snails pace. A. rode B. dawdled C. honked D. bounced（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.Cough syrups and cold remedies that are manufactured with alcohol will last much longer than those prepared with water. A. float B. finish C. rema
3、in effective D. be prescribed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.It is irritating to be forced to listen to such silly conversation. A. chilly B. annoying C. accessory D. furtive（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.The works of Walt Whitman had a lasting effect on the development of modern American poetry. A. an enduring B. an unknow
4、n C. a startling D. a final（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.Justices of the peace have jurisdiction over the trials of some civil suits and of criminal cases involving minor offenses. A. supremacy B. authority C. guidance D. obedience（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.The benzene molecule contains six carbon atoms joined togethe
5、r in the form of a six-sided ring. A. represented B. connected C. contained D. included（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.A prominent advocate of woman suffrage, Susan B. Anthony lectured throughout the Unites States for the cause of womens rights. A. raised money B. arranged meetings C. wrote articles D. gave spee
6、ches（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.Helen Kellers achievements as an author and lecturer were an inspiration to millions. A. editor B. director C. correspondent D. speaker（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.In some libraries young people can check out ten juvenile books at one time. A. adventure B. large print C. hardcover D.
7、childrens（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.Not until his play “Beyond the Horizon“ was produced was Eugene ONeill lauded as the foremost creative American playwright. A. compensated B. secretly named C. given preference D. praised（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.A corporation is a business organization that is formed to act a
8、s a single person and is legally endowed with particular rights and duties. A. by word B. by law C. laudably D. liberally（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.Many of novelist Carson McGullers characters are isolated, disappointed people. A. solitary B. grumpy C. feeble D. frugal（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.Literary historian
9、s believe Emily Dickinson had a lonely existence, finding joy only in her poetry. A. friendship B. happiness C. expression D. interest（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)What Is Market?The word market is used in a number of ways. There is a stock market and an automobile market, a retail ma
10、rket for furniture and a wholesale market for furniture. One person may be going to the market: another may plan to market a product. What, then is a market? A market may be defined as a place where buyers and sellers meet, goods or services are offered for sale. and transfers of ownership occur. A
11、market may also be defined as the demand made by a certain group of potential buyers for a good or service. For instance, there is a farm market for petroleum products. The terms market and demand are often used interchangeably; they may also be used jointly as market demand.These definitions are no
12、t sufficiently precise to be useful to us here. For business purposes we define a market as people or organizations with wants (needs) to satisfy, money to spend, and the willingness to spend it. Thus in the market demand for any given product or service, there are three factors to considerpeople or
13、 organizations with wants(needs),their purchasing power, and their buying behavior.We shall employ the dictionary definition of needs: the lack of anything that is required, desired, or useful. We do not limit needs to the narrow physiological requirements of food, clothing and shelter essential for
14、 survival. In our discussion the words needs and wants are used synonymously and interchangeably. In a strict interpretation, however, needs would refer to such basic physiological requirements as food, clothing, and shelter, while wants would be non-basic preferences. However, in our affluent socie
15、ty, little is to be gained by trying to differentiate between the two. Many of us would see as needs some items that are far beyond food, clothing, and shelter.（分数：7.00）(1).Markets can be classified according to what is sold on a market and how goods are sold.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2
16、).The term “market“ is preferred by sellers while “demand“ is preferred by buyers.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).The definition of market for non business purposes involves three factors: buyers, sellers and goods and services.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).The definition of ma
17、rket for business purposes focuses on purchasers.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).“Needs“ and “wants“ mean the same in our discussion.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).Strictly speaking, “wants“ refers to peoples emotional needs.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).In our rich
18、society, it is pointless to separate peoples needs from their wants.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：2，分数：8.00) A. History of the city B. Industries of the city C. Population growth D. Education E. Cultural center F. Immigration（分数：4.00）(1).Paragraph 2 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2
19、).Paragraph 3 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ A. can be found in Paris B. the major events of the nation C. of the countrys industries D. a lot of cinemas and theatres E. has been growing steadily F. has been decreasing rapidly（分数：4.00）(1).Paris ha
20、s in history been the center of 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Since the 10th century, the population of Paris 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Many valuable works of art 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paris is not only the center of education of France, but also the center 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题
21、数：1，分数：15.00)High Percentage of AccidentsPlacing a human being behind the wheel of an automobile often has the same curios effect as cutting certain fibres in the brain.The result in either case is more primitive behaviour. Hostile feelings are apt to be expressed in an aggressive way.The same man w
22、ho will step aside for a stranger at a doorway will, when behind the wheel, risk an accident trying to beat another motorist through an intersection. The importance of emotional factors in automobile accidents is gaining recognition. Doctors and other scientists have concluded that the highway death
23、 toll resembles a disease epidemic and should be investigated as such.Dr Ross A. McFarland, Associate Professor of industrial Hygiene at the Harvard University School of Public Health, aid that accidents “now constitute a greater threat to the safety of large segments of the population than diseases
24、 do. “Accidents are the leading cause of death between the ages of 1 and 35. About one third of all accidental deaths and one seventh of all accidental injuries are caused by motor vehicles.Based on the present rate of vehicle registration, unless the accident rate is cut in half, one of every 10 pe
25、rsons in the country will be killed or injured in a traffic accident in the next 15 years.Research to find the underlying causes of accidents and to develop ways to detect drivers who are apt to cause them is being conducted at universities and medical centres. Here are some of their findings so far
26、:A man drives as he lives. If he is often in trouble with collection agencies, the courts, and police, he will have repeated automobile accidents. Accident repeaters usually are egocentric, exhibitionistic, resentful of authority, impulsive, and lacking in social responsibility. As group, they can b
27、e classified as borderline psychopathic personalities, according to Dr. McFarland.The suspicion, however, that accident repeaters could be detected in advance by screening out persons with more hostile impulses is false. A study at the University of Colorado showed that there were just as many overl
28、y hostile persons among those who had no accidents as among those with repeated accidents.Psychologists currently are studying Denver high school pupils to test the validity of this concept. They are making psychological evaluations of the pupils to see whether subsequent driving records will bear o
29、ut their thesis.（分数：15.00）(1).The author believes that, behind the wheel of an automobile, some people act _.（分数：3.00）A.as though they were uncivilizedB.as they should change their attitudes from hostility to amicabilityC.as though their brain fibres needed cuttingD.as though they wanted repress hos
30、tile feeling(2).Dr. McFarland emphasizes the great menace of accidents by comparing it to _.（分数：3.00）A.psychopathic behaviourB.an epidemicC.hostile attitudesD.antisocial behaviour(3).According to the article, studies at leading universities have shown that accident repeaters _（分数：3.00）A.can be detec
31、ted in advanceB.are in trouble with collection agenciesC.cannot be discovered on the basis of generally hostile attitudesD.drive entirely differently from the way they usually live(4).According to Dr. McFarland, accident repeaters are _（分数：3.00）A.shyB.borderline psychopathic casesC.criminally insane
32、D.neurotic(5).The tone of this passage is _（分数：3.00）A.ironicalB.pessimisticC.humorousD.objective六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Unidentified Flying ObjectUnidentified Flying Object (UFO) is any object or light, reportedly sighted in the sky, that cannot be immediately explained by the observer. Sightings of un
33、usual flying objects date back to ancient times, but UFOs (sometimes called flying saucers) became widely discussed only after the first widely publicized U. S sighting in 1947. Many thousands of such observations have since been reported worldwide.At least 90 percent of UFO sightings can be identif
34、ied as conventional objects, although timeconsuming investigations are often necessary for such identification. The objects most often mistaken for UFOs are bright planets and stars, aircraft, birds, balloons, kites, aorial flares, peculiar clouds, meteors, and satellites. The remaining sightings mo
35、st likely can be attributed to other mistaken sightings or to inaccurate reporting, tricks, or delusions, although to disprove all claims made about UFOs is impossible.From 1947 to 1969 the U. S. Force investigated UFOs as a possible threat to national security. A total of 12,618 reports were receiv
36、ed, of which 701 reports, or 5.6 percent, were listed as unexplained. The air force concluded that “no UFO reported, investigated, and evaluated by the Air Force has ever given any indication of threat to our national security“. Since 1969 no agency of the U.S. government has had any active program
37、of UFO investigation.Some persons, however, believe that UFOs are extraterrestrial spacecraft, even though no scientifically valid evidence supports that belief. The possibility of extraterrestrial civilizations is not the stumbling block; most scientists grant that intelligent life may well exist e
38、lsewhere in the universe. A fully convincing UFO photograph has yet to be taken, however, and the scientific method requires that highly speculative explanations should not be adopted unless all of the more ordinary explanations can be ruled out.UFO enthusiasts persist, however, and some persons eve
39、n claim to have been captured and taken aboard UFOs. No one has produced scientifically acceptable proof of these claims. Behavioral scientist Carl Sagan once proposed that “certain psychological needs are met by belief in superior beings from other worlds. /（分数：15.00）(1).What was the significance o
40、f the UFO sighting in 1947 according to the passage? _（分数：3.00）A.It was the first evidence showing the existence of intelligent life outside Earth.B.It helped to explain some sightings of unusual events occurring in the sky.C.It aroused widespread interest in unidentified flying objects in the sky.D
41、.It started off a new era of flying saucers in the United States.(2).The second paragraph of the passage focuses on _.（分数：3.00）A.some explanations about UFO sightingsB.different kinds of UFOs reportedC.peoples negative reaction to UFOsD.interesting claims made about UFOs(3).According to the passage,
42、 which of the following about the UFO investigation by the U.S. Air force is NOT true? _.（分数：3.00）A.About 84 percent of the UFO reports received were explained.B.UFOs were once regarded as a potential danger to national safety.C.There was no evidence that the U. S. was being threatened by the report
43、ed UFOs.D.No hard evidence supported the existence of UFOs.(4).According to the passage, the belief that some UFOs are spaceships from some extraterrestrial civilizations _（分数：3.00）A.has been supported by a convincing UFO photographB.would be accepted if it met the requirements of the scientific met
44、hodC.has been regarded as some kind of creative thinkingD.has ruled out other explanations about the origin of UFOs(5).Why did Carl Sagan think there are so many UFO enthusiasts? _（分数：3.00）A.The belief in UFOs gives them psychological satisfaction.B.The explanation that UFOs are only conventional ob
45、jects is not attractive.C.They are strongly influenced by science fiction and science fiction films.D.Curiosity makes them accept the speculative explanations about UFOs.七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)SleeplessnessInsomnia or sleeplessness is a common complaint of women as they enter into menopause. Insomnia
46、means having trouble falling asleep or staying asleep or the feeling that your sleep was not adequate for you. For women who are having night sweats, their sleep is broken by frequent awakening and therefore not refreshing. Generally once the night sweats are controlled a normal sleep pattern return
47、s. If it doesnt it may be, or have become chronic insomnia. How do you know?If you suffer from insomnia every night or most nights for a period of one month then you have chronic insomnia. If youre not having night sweats then its time to look for other causes of sleeplessness. Depression and anxiet
48、y disorders are the most common causes of chronic insomnia. If you feel depressed you need to be checked by a qualified health care provider. Movement disorders such as restless leg syndrome are second on the list of insomnia for them, there are new medicines that may help. Other common causes are s
49、hift working, and pain.In up to 30% of people with chronic insomnia no cause can be identified. Medical treatment of these people has generally been with sleeping pills. It is estimated that 25% of the adult population in America took some type of medicines for sleep last year. It is generally agreed that sleeping pills should o
