1、职称英语卫生类 A、B、C 级综合试卷-30 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.In the book Autobiography of Values, the aviation hero Charles Lindbergh reveals his paradoxical and often sobering thoughts on life. A. contradictory B. poignant C. mystic D. paramount（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.Throughout mos
2、t of their lives, human beings perpetually learn and increase their mental capacities. A. actually B. readily C. finally D. constantly（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.Although research has shown that asparagus does contain many important nutrients, it is not, as it was once regarded, a panacea. A. an anomaly B. a
3、 delicacy C. a life-form D. a cure-all（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.California, the first city on the American continent, reached its peak of development and power about AD 1100. A. summit B. tip C. height D. apex（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.Julia Margaret Cameron was among the pioneers in a new kind of portrait photogr
4、aphythe close-up. A. originators of B. champions in C. experts in D. publishers of（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.Numerous parallels exist between Ernest Hemingways life and the lives of his characters. A. studies B. problems C. similarities D. biases（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.According to some biologists, the instinct
5、to care for the young is perhaps the most interesting characteristic of animals. A. actually B. surprisingly C. seldom D. possibly（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.The history of the exploration of Antarctica recounts many tales of perseverance and suffering. A. endurance B. skill C. generosity D. disturbance（分数：1
6、.00）A.B.C.D.9.The Moon and most artificial satellites travel around the Earth in elliptical paths. A. waves B. orbits C. voyages D. flights（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.The French and Indian War of 1756-1763 pitted Britain, her American colonists, and her Indian allies against France, her Canadian colonists,
7、and her Indian allies. A. armed B. pivoted C. set D. took（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.Through her portrayal of eight college-educated women in the book, The Group, author Mary McCarthy criticizes an entire period. A. age B. nation C. social class D. system of education（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.The anhinga is a bla
8、ck water bird that frequents the perimeters of the everglades. A. waters B. swamps C. forests D. edges（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.A seed planted in the sensitive lining of an oyster begins a perpetual coating process that forms a pearl. A. total B. annual C. continual D. habitual（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.By 1929,
9、 two years after the start of the “talkies“, motion picture theaters in the United States were attracting 100 million patrons every week. A. owners B. actors C. customers D. critics（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.The American antelope possesses remarkable powers of sight and can pinpoint potential danger at tre
10、mendous distances. A. spot B. relay C. attach D. sustain（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Too Polite for WordsA Japanese colleague the other day was talking about a meeting with a man whom she abruptly described using the English word “jerk“. I thought she was toning down her Japanese for
11、 my benefit, so I asked her how to say “jerk“ in Japanese.“Theres no such word,“ she answered helplessly. “We have to use jerk“. Heaven knows its not as if there are no jerks in Japan. But the Japanese language is just not made for sniping at people. At first, I thought maybe my Japanese teachers ha
12、d been too polite to teach me the real lingo, so I watched to see what Japanese drivers would say to each other after a car accident. It turned out that they say: “Im sorry.“ Gradually I came to realize that there is perhaps no language so ill suited to invective as Japanese. Linguistically, these g
13、uys are wimps.Take the vicious Japanese insult “kisama,“ which is deeply offensive. It means . “your honorable self. “Thats right. Instead of using all kinds of dirty words, the Japanese insult each other by frowning and growling: “Your honorable self.“Likewise, a nasty expression for a woman is “am
14、a,“ another term not to try with the nice woman at the sushi restaurant. But literally it means “nun“. Sure, sarcasm may be intended, but still most women would probably prefer to be characterized as a nun than as a female dog.Since people are least inhibited when they are shaking their fists at eac
15、h other, insults offer a window into a culture. Ive been interested in such terms ever since I arrived in Cairo a dozen years ago to study Arabic and discovered that my name was a curse. “Nick“ sounds very much like the imperative of an extremely vulgar verb for sex. I would introduce myself in Arab
16、ic, and my new acquaintance would flee in horror.Theres no such danger in Japanese. There are explicit terms for sex and for body parts, crude as well as clinical, but they are descriptive rather than insulting.There is one exception. One of the meanest things one Japanese child can say to another i
17、s: “Omaeno kaachan debeso.“ That means: “Your moms belly button sticks out.“ This has no deep Freudian meaning; it simply means that your mother is rude and ugly.（分数：7.00）(1).The Japanese woman used the English word “jerk“ so as to make it easier for me to understand her.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not
18、 mentioned(2).The Japanese people cannot fully demonstrate their anger because their language is not suitable for sniping at people.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).From the linguistic perspective, Japanese drivers are cowards.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).The Japanese insult ea
19、ch other by showing their respect in an ironic way.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).People in other languages may insult a woman with an expression meaning, literally, “a female dog“.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).The word “Nick“ in the Arabic language is a curse.（分数：1.00）A.Right
20、B.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).“Omaeno kaachan debeso“ is different from other nasty expressions in Japanese in that it is insulting both in its literal meaning and in its practical use.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：2，分数：8.00) A. Airport services B. Training of pilots C. Be
21、ginning period D. Rapid growth in the U. S. E. Development F. Competition（分数：4.00）(1).Paragraph 2 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ A. in the development of air transportation B. the earliest passenger flights were su
22、ccessfully operated C. to make travel easy and pleasant for the passengers D. to provide different servicesE the shortage of qualified pilotsF. travelling by air was very cheap（分数：4.00）(1).Air transport companies use different planes _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).The United States was the country where _.（分
23、数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).The forty years from the 1930s to the 1970s was an important period _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Nowadays airports provide all kinds of services _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Deaf and Hearing LossPeople who begin to go deaf in adult life have different
24、 problems from those who are horn deaf. They have to learn different ways of behaving and different ways of communicationperhaps at a time when learning is not all that easy.A hearing aid is not a complete solution to the problem. The sound perceived by the deaf person through a hearing aid is disto
25、rted and appears to have more background noise than is heard by someone with normal hearing. Deafened people have to lipread as well.Lipreading is difficult, demands intense concentration, and an uninterrupted direct view of the speakers face. No other activities can take place at the same time: the
26、 lipreader has to stop eating, stop everything in order to concentrate on hearing. It is not a question of stupidity or bad temperas it sometimes appears to bebut a question of being very easy to misunderstand when the sound is distorted. Remember what its like trying to communicate on a very bad te
27、lephone line. Frustrating, isnt it? The deaf have to face all the time.A useful way of looking at the problem is to see the deaf person as a foreignerto treat them as of you were in a foreign country. You would speak more clearly, slowly and raise your voice slightly. And youd use gestures to make y
28、our meaning clear, as well as have no hesitation in using pencil and paper to be absolutely certain. You can do all those things with the deafas well as making sure you dont obscure your mouth with your hand, a pipe or a cigarette.Another point quite often overlooked is that a hearing aid may be qui
29、te efficient and useful in a quite carpeted roombut try it in the high street in the rush hour, in a noisy car, in a railway station ticket office, a cinema or a concert hail and youve got a really difficult problem to distinguish speech. So dont suggest to or encourage deaf people to go to function
30、s which are going to make their disability appear worseand increase their sense of failure.On the other hand careful selection of cinemas with good sound systems is important and you should experiment to find out where the best seats are for hearing, fitting adaptors for radio and television, observ
31、ing which friends are easier to understand, and making sure that people talking are well-lit and all useful and positive activities.（分数：15.00）(1).A person who loses hearing _.（分数：3.00）A.can hear well with the help of a hearing aidB.can communicate with others by lipreading and at the same time with
32、the help of a hearing aidC.can only communicate with others with the help of pencil and paperD.can communicate easily with others by lipreading(2).It implies that _.（分数：3.00）A.it sometimes looks stupid when lipreaders have to stop whatever they are doing in order to understand what others sayB.a lip
33、reader can do two things at the same timeC.you will be misunderstood if the sound is distorted by the hearing aidD.deaf people can get frustrated in places where their hearing aids dont work so well(3).“Another point overlooked“ suggests that something has been overlooked before this. Overlooking th
34、ings like the fact that _.（分数：3.00）A.you can obscure your mouth with you hand when you speak to the deafB.you have to be sensitive about the surroundingsC.you have to depend on a hearing aidD.you have to speak clearly, slowly and loudly(4).Why might increase deaf peoples sense of failure? _（分数：3.00）
35、A.Because they cannot hear well when they go to the cinema.B.Because their hearing aids are not effective.C.Because they can not see the speakers mouth in order to lipread.D.Because they will not be able to hear very well and this may make them feel particularly conscious of their handicap.(5).The p
36、urpose of this passage is to tell readers _.（分数：3.00）A.how to help the hard of hearingB.people who lose their hearing dont have to learn new ways of communicatingC.a deaf person has to lipread even when using a hearing aidD.people who lose their hearing dont have to learn new ways of communicating六、
37、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)The SeaWhat do you know about the sea? We know that it looks very pretty when the sun is shining on it. We also know that it can be very rough when there is a strong wind. What other things do we know about it?The first thingto remember is that the sea is very big. When you look a
38、t the map of the world you will find there is more water than land. The sea covers three quarters of the world.The sea is also very deep in some places. It is not deep everywhere. Some parts of the sea are very shallow. But in some places the depth of the sea is very great. There is one spot, near J
39、apan, where the sea is nearly 11 kilometres deep! The highest mountain in the world is about 9 kilometres high. If that mountain were put into the sea at that place, there would be 2 kilometres of water above it! What a deep place!If you have swum in the sea, you know that it is salty. You can taste
40、 the salt. Rivers, which flow into the sea, carry salt from the land into the sea. Some parts of the sea are more salty than other parts. There is one sea, called the Dead Sea, which is very salty. It is so salty that swimmers cannot sink! Fish cannot live in the Dead Sea!In most parts of the sea, t
41、here are plenty of fishes and plants. Some live near the top of the sea. Others live deep down. There are also millions of tiny living things that float in the sea. These floating things are so small that it is hard to see them. Many fish live by eating these.The sea can be very cold. Divers, who go
42、 deep down in the sea, know this. On the top the water may be warm. When the diver goes downwards, the sea becomes colder and colder. Another thing happens. When the diver goes deeper, the water above presses down on him. It squeezes him. Then the diver has to wear clothes made of metal. But he cann
43、ot go very deep. Some people who wanted to go very deep used a very strong diving ship! They went down to the deepest part of the sea in it. They went down to a depth of eleven kilometres!（分数：15.00）(1).When does the sea look beautiful? _（分数：3.00）A.When it is calm.B.When the weather is fine.C.When th
44、ere is a strong wind.D.When there is a storm.(2).How much of the earths surface does land cover? _（分数：3.00）A.15%B.25%C.30%D.45%(3).Why does the author cite the sea somewhere near Japan?_（分数：3.00）A.To show that the sea in some places is very deep.B.To show that the sea in some places is very shallow.
45、C.To show that its depth is 9 kilometres greater than the height of the highest mountain.D.To show that its depth is 11 kilometres greater than the height of the highest mountain.(4).Which of the following statements about the Dead Sea is NOT true? _（分数：3.00）A.There are plenty of fishes in it.B.It i
46、s a safe place for swimmers.C.It is extremely salty.D.No fish can be found in it.(5).Why cant people go very deep in the sea? _（分数：3.00）A.Because the deepest part of the sea is very cold.B.Because the deepest part of the sea is very rough.C.Because the pressure of water at great depths is unendurabl
47、e.D.Because fierce fish usually live ther七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Egypt felled by FamineEven ancient Egypts mighty pyramid builders were powerless in the face of the famine that helped bring down their civilization around 2180 BC Now evidence gleaned from mud deposited by the River Nile suggests that a
48、shift in climate thousands of kilometers to the south was ultimately to blame-and the same or worse could happen today.The ancient Egyptians depended on the Niles annual floods to irrigate their crops. But any change in climate that pushed the African monsoons southwards out of Ethiopia would have been diminished these floods.Dwindling rains in the Ethiopian highlands would have meant fewer plants to stablise the soil. When rain did fall it would have washed large amounts of soil into the Blue Nile and into Egypt, along with sediment from the White Nile.The Blue Nile mud has a diffe
