1、阅读理解-练习六及答案解析(总分：40.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Test 1(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、TEXT A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Zaineb and Faizal Zekeria dont look like the living evidence of a potentially nation-altering trend. They look like two newlyweds in love.But their year-old union is hand-holding proof of how a massive influx of immigran
2、ts is changing who marries whom, and why, and challenging the idealized notion of America as a multicultural melting pot.Increasingly, a new study shows, U. S. -born Asians and Hispanics are choosing to wed foreign-born members of their own ethnicity. At the same time, greater numbers of new immigra
3、nts are marrying among themselves.Some sociologists believe the shift could have significant implications: It could signal a widening gap between the races. Or, in another view, it could reflect growing pride among minority peoples.Theres no question what has fueled the trend. The 11 million immigra
4、nts who arrived in the 1990s dramatically increased the same- ethnicity pool of potential mates. Hispanics are the countrys fastest- growing minority group, Asians the second-fastest.The rationales for choosing a husband or wife of the same background, say couples interviewed for this story, are pra
5、ctical and emotional. Having a foreign-born mate offers an American a deeper connection to his or her ancestry. The opposite also occurs, with American partners helping to ease their spouses transition to a new world.The former Zaineb Ainuddin, 29, and Faizal Zekeria, 30, found both to be true. She
6、was born in Chicago, he in Bombay, India. The Philadelphia couple met in 1997 as undergraduates at Temple University.“Id consider myself brought up in an American household,“ said Zaineb, whose father arrived in the States in 1965, when he was 37. “I was the unusual one who broke away and married an
7、 Indian.“The number of interracial marriages in the United States has been growing since the 1970s. Now two researchers, Zhenchao Qian, a sociologist at Ohio State University, and Daniel Lichter, a policy analyst at Cornell University, have documented an important change.Using census data from 1990
8、and 2000, Qian and Lichter identified “unprecedented declines in intermarriage with whites, and big increases in marriages between native-and foreign-born members of Asian and Hispanic ethnicities.“ Their study findings were recently published in the American Sociological Review.In 10 years, the per
9、centage of Hispanics who married outside their ethnicity fell to 19.9 from 26.9. The decline among Asians was even greater, 33.2 percent compared with 41.7 percent.Meanwhile, among marriages between people of the same ethnicity, pairings between native-and foreign-born rose 50 percent for Asians and
10、 9 percent for Hispanics.Scholars wonder how the trend could affect race relations. For decades, Lichter and Qian note, people have tended to view rising rates of intermarriage as a sign of growing acceptance between peoples of different color and culture.Others say the decline in intermarriage is a
11、 non-issue.“Most people prefer to marry someone with whom they have a lot in common-heritage, culture, values, customs, habits, language and appearance,“ said B. J. Gallagher, an L. A. sociologist who specializes in diversity issues. “Its. a natural thing. “Marc Lamont Hill, who teaches urban educat
12、ion at Temple University, sees the increase in same-culture marriages as “absolutely a good thing.“Weve been taught that white people, and particularly white women, are the standard for beauty and attractiveness,“ Hill said. Marrying within ethnicity is a way of moving beyond that, he said.（分数：5.00）
13、(1).What is TRUE about the 1st paragraph?（分数：1.00）A.The couple doesnt appear to be altering the nation.B.The couple is the evidence of a changing trend.C.The couple has the potential to change the country.D.The couple is actually not married yet.(2).According to the passage, which of the following i
14、s TRUE?（分数：1.00）A.The USA is no longer a melting pot.B.More immigrants now marry among themselves.C.U.S. -born Asians and Hispanics now begin to mix.D.There could be a widening gap between the races.(3).“Both“ in the 7th paragraph refers to _.（分数：1.00）A.Zaineb Ainuddin and Faizal ZekeriaB.the practi
15、cal and emotional rationales for choosing a spouse of the same backgroundC.the two fastest growing minority groups, Hispanics and AsiansD.the two significant implications put forward by sociologists(4).According to Qian and Lichters study, which of the following is FALSE?（分数：1.00）A.Theres a 8.5% dro
16、p in Asians intermarriage.B.Compared to Hispanics, a larger percentage of Asians marry outside their ethnicity.C.There is a larger increase in the same-ethnicity marriage in Asian than in Hispanics.D.50% Asians now marry people of their own ethnicity.(5).According to _, the decline in intermarriage
17、is a non-issue.（分数：1.00）A.B.J. Gallagher and Marc Lamont HillB. Qian and LichterC.the authorD.Zaineb and Faizal Zekeria三、TEXT B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Do you ask yourself any of these questions?What is abstract art? Is it the same thing as Modern Art? How can I interpret and evaluate a piece of abstract art?
18、 Can it have a subject or a meaning? Are there different types of abstract art?If you want to discover the answers, and ask more questions, this course is for you!Abstraction is not a style of art, like for example, Baroque or Cubism. It is, rather, about the subject matter and our reading of it. An
19、 artist expressing the beauty of a landscape can paint a picture of the landscape, but how can an artist make a piece of artwork about an emotion such as fear, or an idea such as purity, or a quality of a painting such as shape, weight or rhythm? It might be worth considering your expectations of so
20、me other art forms, music and dance for example.The art critic Herbert Read wrote in 1931, “We must not be afraid of this word abstract. All art is primarily abstract“. But many people are afraid of abstract art, and feel that it is alien territory! In this course we will approach abstract art via a
21、rt with which we, perhaps, feel more comfortable and learn to extend our skills of interpretation and understanding. We will also make sure that terms bandied around in art speak such as “abstract“, “figurative“, “realism“, “representational“ are clearly defined.We will explore what we mean by reali
22、sm and abstraction in Western art by looking at images from the ancient Egyptians, through Classical art, early Christian and Mediaeval art, to the Renaissance, until the late 19th century. We will then explore the break with convention in Modernism, look at experiments with colour and form in the e
23、arly Modern era, and at some of the key ideas of the first abstract artists.We will examine the historical, social and political context of early Modernism, against the backdrop of rapid industrialization, the Bolshevik revolution and the years leading to the great war.Abstract Art flourished in the
24、 1950s, after the Second World War, with the way being led by American Abstract Expressionism. Why the sudden outpouring of huge abstract paintings? Could anyone do the “splash and drip“ technique? And why did so many abstract painters, including Marc Rothko and Jackson Pollock, meet untimely violen
25、t deaths?Finally, we will ask. why does abstract art appear to be relatively unfashionable in our Post Modernist times, and has it got a future or shall we relegate it to the art history books?（分数：5.00）(1).This article is most probably _.（分数：1.00）A.from an art textbookB.a newspaper reportC.from a un
26、iversity pamphletD.a speech draft(2).The author uses music and dance in the fourth paragraph to explain that abstraction, like music and dance, _.（分数：1.00）A.is not a style of artB.is about the subject matterC.displays beauty in lifeD.expresses emotions, ideas or qualities(3).It might be inferred fro
27、m the passage that the course will first _.（分数：1.00）A.make a comparison between art and music the land became more arid.The authors state, “periods of drought likely brought about environmental hardship, triggering population migration, giving rise to changes in the modes of agricultural production,
28、 and influencing the fall or rise of civilizations.“Weldeab points out that the past 50 years are marked by deforestation and overgrazing much greater than that of the past, thus disturbing the climate system that results from the coupling of sea surface temperature and vegetation cover on land.“We
29、cant predict how, but it is clear that this human-induced change will change the terrestrial and ocean system,“ he says. He notes that droughts in this region are currently occurring more frequently than in the past few thousand years, although the frequency of the droughts is unpredictable.“People
30、in less developed countries live from rain, harvests and animal husbandry,“ says Weldeab. “Drought directly affects them; they run out of food for people and animals./（分数：5.00）(1).Which of the following is TRUE about the article mentioned in the passage?（分数：1.00）A.It is presented in the Montreal Sum
31、mit.B.It is written by Syee Weldeab.C.It is published in Geology.D.It is about African Deforestation.(2).The monsoon system in Africa is influenced by any of the following EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.droughtsB.deforestationC.overgrazingD.global warming(3).We may infer from the scientists study that _.（分数：1.
32、00）A.cameroon suffers most from the weakening of monsoonB.foraminifera are composed of calcium and magnesiumC.ratios of magnesium and calcium can reflect temperature changes in oceanD.the three sea surface cooling periods can reflect low lake levels(4).According to the study, drought may have result
33、ed in _.（分数：1.00）A.deforestationB.population migrationC.a shift from agriculture to husbandryD.animal extinction(5).Why are droughts in central Africa more frequent than in the past?（分数：1.00）A.Because deforestation and overgrazing are more serious in the past 50 years.B.Because the sea surface tempe
34、rature and vegetation cover on land are disturbed.C.Because the terrestrial and ocean system is changed.D.Because there is less moisture to be pulled from ocean air to lan五、TEXT D(总题数：1，分数：5.00)What we know of prenatal development makes all this attempt made by a mother to mold the character of her
35、unborn child by studying poetry, art, or mathematics during pregnancy seem utterly impossible. How could such extremely complex influences pass from the mother to the child? There is no connection between their nervous systems. Even the blood vessels of mother and child do not join directly. An emot
36、ional shock to the mother will affect her child, because it changes the activity of her glands and so the chemistry of her blood. Any chemical change in the mothers blood will affect the child for better or worse. But we can not see how a looking for mathematics or poetic genius can be dissolved in
37、blood and produce a similar liking or genius in the child.In our discussion of instincts we saw that there was reason to believe that whatever we inherit must be of some very simple sort rather than any complicated or very definite kind of behavior. It is certain that no one inherits a knowledge of
38、mathematics. It may be, however, that children inherit more or less of a rather general ability that we may call intelligence. If very intelligent children become deeply interested in mathematics, they will probably make a success of that study.As for musical ability, it may be that what is inherite
39、d is an especially sensitive ear, a peculiar structure of the hands or the vocal organs connections between nerves and muscles that make it comparatively easy to learn the movements a musician must execute, and particularly vigorous emotions. If these factors are all organized around music, the chil
40、d may become a musician. The same factors, in other circumstance might be organized about some other center of interest.The rich emotional equipment might find expression in poetry. The capable fingers might develop skill in surgery. It is not the knowledge of music that is inherited, then nor even
41、the love of it, but a certain bodily structure that makes it comparatively easy to acquire musical knowledge and skill. Whether that ability shall be directed toward music or some other undertaking may be decided entirely by forces in the environment in which a child grows up.（分数：5.00）(1).According
42、to the 1st sentence, which of the following statements is TRUE?（分数：1.00）A.We know nothing about prenatal development.B.We know something about prenatal development.C.It is impossible to mold the character of an unborn child.D.Our knowledge of prenatal development makes character. molding impossibl(2
43、).A mother will affect her unborn baby on the condition that _.（分数：1.00）A.she is emotionally shockedB.their nervous systems are connectedC.their blood vessels are directly joinedD.her genius is dissolved in blood(3).According to the passage, a child can NOT inherit _.（分数：1.00）A.capable fingersB.a se
44、nsitive earC.a rather general ability called intelligenceD.her mothers musical ability(4).Which of the following is the most important to make a child become a musician?（分数：1.00）A.A sensitive ear.B.A peculiar structure of the hands or the vocal organs connections between nerves and muscles.C.vigorou
45、s emotions.D.Forces in the environment in which a child grows up.(5).Which of the following is the best title for the passage?（分数：1.00）A.Importance of Prenatal Development.B.Abilities that Children Can Inherit.C.Inheritance and Talents.D.The Making of a Musician.六、Test 2(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、TEXT A(总题数：1
46、，分数：5.00)This has exposed the Convention to proposals to adopt a number of false solutions which perpetuate biodiversity destruction, climate change and erosion of peoples rights, especially those of women, indigenous peoples and local communities.Healthy ecosystems and biodiversity are vital for re
47、gulating the climate. False climate solutions which harm biodiversity, communities and ecosystems will further destabilise the climate. They also result in the displacement of, and the loss of rights of indigenous peoples and local communities. We are already witnessing such severe impacts, as the r
48、esult of false solutions which are currently being implemented on a large scale: Agrofuel (also called biofuel) crops, and industrial tree plantations, which U. N. bodies falsely refer to as “afforestation and reforestation“. To make matters worse, certification schemes, standards and criteria false
49、ly promote these damaging activities as being “environmentally sustainable“.A range of other false solutions have also been proposed and some of them are already beginning to be implemented. These also threaten to have grave impacts on biodiversity, climate stability and the rights of people. They do not address the root causes of climate change but have the potential to worsen the crisis, and include.GE trees for industrial tree plantations that will be used as agrofuels and “carbon sinks“ ; Ocean- “fertilisation“ ( for exa
