1、英语翻译高级口译-26 及答案解析(总分：300.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSECTION 1 LISTE(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BPart A Spot Dic(总题数：1，分数：30.00)B Directions:/B IIn this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Writ
2、e your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE./IThe typical job in the new millennium is best viewed as U U 1 /U /U. If you work for someone else, then how long your job lasts is up to the people you work for, and not just you. Your job
3、 can U U 2 /U /U, so you must be prepared to U U 3 /U /Uat the drop of a hat.No one U U 4 /U /U. You have to go out and hunt for it. And to be successful you have to be willing to change tactics. If you try something and it doesnt U U 5 /U /U, move on to another strategy. Employment expert Carol Chr
4、isten U U 6 /U /Uas “when something doesnt work, you respond by doing more of it.“The cure for this kind of insanity is obvious: if you answer ads in the newspapers, if you U U 7 /U /Uand send your resume everywhere, and nothing works, dont just do more of it. U U 8 /U /U. Here are some effective st
5、rategies for finding a job.First, talk to successful job-hunters. Identify U U 9 /U /Uwho have found a job they love. After all, if you want to improve your tennis game, you train with good tennis players. Its the same with job-hunting.Second, persistence is the name of the game. You must be U U 10
6、/U /Ufor your job hunt to last longer than you think. U U 11 /U /Utwo weeks, or even two months. U U 12 /U /Usay that typically, the higher the salary you are seeking, the longer the job search can take.Third, go after the job you really want the most. Forget “whats available out there.“ The most U
7、U 13 /U /Uis not found on the Internet or at the library. Its found by talking to people who are actually U U 14 /U /Uand doing the work youre interested in. The name for this process is“ U U 15 /U /U.“Fourth, find a support group. Encouragement from others keeps you going. Join U U 16 /U /Uin your
8、town or city. If there is no group, U U 17 /U /Uof a relative or friend to be a loving “taskmaker“. This is someone you U U 18 /U /Uwho will check up on what youre doingand be U U 19 /U /Uif youve done nothing since you last met. You want U U 20 /U /U. （分数：30.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空
9、项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、BPart B Listenin(总题数：4，分数：20.00)B Directions:/BI In this part of the test there will be some short talks and conversations. After each one, you will be asked some questions. The talks, conversati
10、ons and questions will be spoken ONLY ONCE. Now listen carefully and choose the right answer to each question you have heard and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET./IBQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following conversation./B （分数：5.00）(1
11、). A. Complaints about technology. B. Technology in the workplace. C. Cell phone use in emergency. D. Latest models of cell phones.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. They are frustrating to use. B. They are expensive to operate. C. They can cause companies to lose business.D. They can be very convenient someti
12、mes.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. To express agreement with the callers opinion. B. To signal that she wants to end the call. C. To bring the caller back to his main point. D. To stop the caller from talking so much.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. The ringing sound can be annoying. B. Not every one follows the
13、rules to use them. C. People dont really need them. D. Some people dont use them in the right places.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5). A. To give an example to support the callers opinion. B. To make sure that she understands the callers point. C. To present an opposing point of view. D. To remind the caller th
14、at his time is up.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.BQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following news./B （分数：5.00）(1). A. Because he successfully brokered many peace talks in the world. B. Because he established the largest bank in Bangladeshi. C. Because he did a lot of translation for the Grameen Bank. D. Because
15、 he helped entrepreneurs with the mode of “micro credit“.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Anti-retro viral drugs are more easily available now. B. 3. 4 million people of working age died of AIDS in 2005. C. Research of drugs against AIDS has created new jobs. D. AIDS is undermining the economic growth in ma
16、ny countries.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Cutting jobs to improve its profit margins. B. Curbing voluntary redundancy and early retirement. C. Building new business models at its German plants. D. Offering guarantees of job security.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. The lucrative drug trafficking would disappear
17、. B. Gucci and Prada would go bankrupt. C. Airlines and airports would suffer economic losses. D. Sales of duty-free drink and perfume at airports would increase.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5). A. She used to serve as WHO Assistant Director-General. B. She led the research of drugs against SARS. C. She helped
18、 provide new services to prevent diseases and promote better health. D. She helped contain the outbreak of bird flu in 1997 in Hong Kong.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.BQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following interview./B （分数：5.00）(1). A. The type of people who suffer from sleep loss. B. The causes and effe
19、cts of sleep loss. C. Ways to avoid sleep loss. D. Accidents caused by sleep loss.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. To explain her childrens sleep habits. B. To give advice about how to get more sleep. C. To compare sleep loss problems in adults and children. D. To give an example of the causes and effects o
20、f sleep loss.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Poor job performance. B. Car accidents. C. Not making good decisions. D. Falling asleep at work.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. She feels that there are more tired drivers now than in the past. B. She understands why people drive when they are tired. C. She thinks that
21、 most drivers do not recognize when they are too tired to drive. D. She wants Lian to explain more about her driving habits.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).A. They should not drive. B. They should take time off from work. C. They should follow traffic regulations.D. They should drink coffee to wake up.（分数：1.00
22、）A.B.C.D.BQuestions 16 to 20 are based on the following talk./B （分数：5.00）(1). A. The influence of Andrew Carnegies philanthropy today. B. The reasons for Andrew Carnegies philanthropy. C. The relationship between Andrew Carnegie and other philanthropists. D. The story of Andrew Carnegies life.（分数：1.
23、00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. He built new schools. B. He built public libraries. C. He asked people to read his book. D. He encouraged people to share their books.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. To describe a difficult time in Carnegies life. B. To explain a motivation for Carnegies philanthropy. C. To illustrate th
24、e problems of poor children. D. To tell the history of philanthropy before Carnegie.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. To improve international communication. B. To make it easier to learn how to read and write. C. To encourage people to read books in English. D. To change the way dictionaries are written.（分数
25、：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5). A. She is surprised that Carnegie thought his plan could succeed. B. She understands why Carnegie proposed his idea. C. She doubts whether Carnegie was serious about his plan. D. She regrets that Carnegies plan did not succeed.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.四、BSECTION 2 READI(总题数：4，分数：50.00)B D
26、irections: /BIIn this section you will read several passages. Each one is followed by several questions about it. You are to choose ONE best answer, (A), (B), (C) or (D), to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and w
27、rite the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET./IEveryday, science seems to chip away at our autonomy. When researchers arent uncovering physical differences in the way men and women use their brains, theyre asserting genetic influences on intelligenc
28、e, sexual orientation, obesity or alcoholism. Or theyre suggesting that the level of some brain chemical affects ones chances of committing violent crimes. Each new finding leaves the impression that nature is winning out over nurturethat biology is destiny and free will an illusion. But the nature-
29、nurture dichotomy is itself an illusion. As many scholars are now realizing, everything we associate with “nurture“ is at some level a product of our biologyand every aspect of our biology, from brain development to food preference, has been shaped by an environment. Asking whether nature or nurture
30、 is more important is like asking whether length or width is a better gauge of size.Darwin recognized more than 100 years ago that Homo sapiens evolved by the same process as every other species on earth. And philosophers such as William James were eager to apply Darwins insights to human psychology
31、. But during the first part of this century, the rise of “social Darwinism“ (a non-Darwinian, sink-or-swim political philosophy) and late Nazi eugenics spawned a deep suspicion of biologically inspired social science. By 1954, anthropologist Ashley Montagu was declaring that mankind has “no instinct
32、s because everything he is and has becomes what she has learned, acquired, from his culture.“The distinction between innate and acquired seems razor sharp, until you try slicing life with it. Consider the development of the brain. While gestating in the womb, a child develops some 50 trillion neuron
33、s. But those cells become functional only as they respond to outside stimuli. During the first year of life, the most frequently stimulated neurons form elaborate networks for processing information, while the others wither and die. You could say that our brains determine the structure of our brains
34、.Social behavior follows the same principle. From the old nature-versus-nurture perspective, a tendency that isnt uniformly expressed in every part of the world must be “cultural“ rather than “natural“. But there is no reason to assume that a universal impulse would always find the same expression.
35、As the evolutionists John Tooby and Leda Cosmildes have observed, biology cant dictate what language a child will speak, what games shell feel guilty or jealous about. But it virtually guarantees that shell do all of those things, whether she grows up in New Jersey or New Guinea.Biology, in short, d
36、oesnt determine exactly what we Il do in life. It determines how different environments will affect us. And our biology is itself a record of the environments our ancestors encountered. Consider the sexes different perceptual styles. Men tend to excel at spatial reasoning, women at spotting stationa
37、ry objects and remembering their locations. Such discrepancies may have a biological basis, but researchers have traced the biology back to specific environmental pressures. Archeological findings suggest that men hunted, and women foraged, throughout vast stretches of revolutionary time. And psycho
38、logists Irwin Silverman and Marion Eals have noted that “tracking and killing animals entail different kinds of spatial problems than does foraging for edible plants.“（分数：12.50）(1).It can be inferred from the passage that what Montagu emphasized in his explanation is _ . A. biological rootsB. instin
39、cts C. culture factors D. animal behavior（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(2).The passage cites examples of scholars in the following fields EXCEPT _ . A. philosophy B. anthropology C. psychology D. chemistry（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(3).The passage provides information to answer which of the following questions? A. Why is
40、the nurture-nature dichotomy an illusion? B. When did William James apply Darwins insight to human psychology? C. How does biology determine the language a child will speak? D. Where did scientists make archaeological findings?（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(4).The writer describes the development of the brain wi
41、th an intention of _ . A. illustrating the link between biology and environment B. showing the importance of biology C. reflecting the difference between brain and social behavior development D. revealing the complex of a child brain（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following statements can be most
42、safely concluded from the passage? A. Biology is less important than environments in mans evolution. B. Biology and environments work together in mans evolution. C. Difference between men and women can be explained from the psychological point of view. D. Specific environment provides the only expla
43、nation for differences between men and women.（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.A censorship battle between protecting freedom of speech and protecting children from harmful Internet material is being fought on a rather unlikely fieldthe public library. In almost every city, town and village in the United States ther
44、e is a public library, and every one of them now has computer terminals for public use. On one side of the battle, the American Library Association (ALA) is opposed to content filters on library computers with Internet access. On the opposing side, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that libraries must in
45、stall filters to block indecent websites from library patrons under the age of eighteen. For the time being, the battle scene has stilled, but the ultimate winners in the all-out war for access versus control of the Web in public libraries have yet to be declared.The debate first raged in the U. S.
46、due to the enactment of the federal Childrens Internet Protection Act (CIPA) in 1999. Public libraries, including school libraries, were forced to install content filters on Internet access terminals or lose certain federal funding. In response, the ALA started a legal battle to have the requirement reversed. In its 1943 Bill of Rights, the ALA said that libraries should present materials that represent many points of view on current and historical issues and not remove materials with unpopular viewpoints. At the same time,
